5,778 results on '"Wen, Zheng"'
Search Results
2. Three-Photon Polarization Entanglement of Green Light
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Lou, Yan-Chao, Ren, Zhi-Cheng, Chen, Chao, Wan, Pei, Zhu, Wen-Zheng, Wang, Jing, Xue, Shu-Tian, Dong, Bo-Wen, Ding, Jianping, Wang, Xi-Lin, and Wang, Hui-Tian
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Quantum Physics - Abstract
Recently, great progress has been made in the entanglement of multiple photons at various wavelengths and in different degrees of freedom for optical quantum information applied in diverse scenarios. However, multi-photon entanglement in the transmission window of green light under the water has not been reported yet. Here, by combining femtosecond laser based multi-photon entanglement and entanglement-maintaining frequency upconversion techniques, we successfully generate a green two-photon polarization-entangled Bell state and a green three-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state, whose state fidelities are 0.893$\mathbf{\pm}$0.002 and 0.595$\mathbf{\pm}$0.023, respectively. Our result provides a scalable method to prepare green multi-photon entanglement, which may have wide applications in underwater quantum information., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures
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- 2024
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3. Heralded High-Dimensional Photon-Photon Quantum Gate
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Liu, Zhi-Feng, Ren, Zhi-Cheng, Wan, Pei, Zhu, Wen-Zheng, Cheng, Zi-Mo, Wang, Jing, Shi, Yu-Peng, Xi, Han-Bing, Huber, Marcus, Friis, Nicolai, Gao, Xiaoqin, Wang, Xi-Lin, and Wang, Hui-Tian
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Quantum Physics - Abstract
High-dimensional encoding of quantum information holds the potential to greatly increase the computational power of existing devices by enlarging the accessible state space for fixed register size and by reducing the number of required entangling gates. However, qudit-based quantum computation remains far less developed than conventional qubit-based approaches, in particular for photons, which represent natural multi-level information carriers that play a crucial role in the development of quantum networks. A major obstacle for realizing quantum gates between two individual photons is the restriction of direct interaction between photons in linear media. In particular, essential logic components for quantum operations such as native qudit-qudit entangling gates are still missing for optical quantum information processing. Here we address this challenge by presenting a protocol for realizing an entangling gate -- the controlled phase-flip (CPF) gate -- for two photonic qudits in arbitrary dimension. We experimentally demonstrate this protocol by realizing a four-dimensional qudit-qudit CPF gate, whose decomposition would require at least 13 two-qubit entangling gates. Our photonic qudits are encoded in orbital angular momentum (OAM) and we have developed a new active high-precision phase-locking technology to construct a high-dimensional OAM beam splitter that increases the stability of the CPF gate, resulting in a process fidelity within a range of $ [0.64 \pm 0.01, 0.82 \pm 0.01]$. Our experiment represents a significant advance for high-dimensional optical quantum information processing and has the potential for wider applications beyond optical system., Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures
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- 2024
4. Online Bandit Learning with Offline Preference Data
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Agnihotri, Akhil, Jain, Rahul, Ramachandran, Deepak, and Wen, Zheng
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Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) is at the core of fine-tuning methods for generative AI models for language and images. Such feedback is often sought as rank or preference feedback from human raters, as opposed to eliciting scores since the latter tends to be very noisy. On the other hand, RL theory and algorithms predominantly assume that a reward feedback is available. In particular, approaches for online learning that can be helpful in adaptive data collection via active learning cannot incorporate offline preference data. In this paper, we adopt a finite-armed linear bandit model as a prototypical model of online learning. We consider an offline preference dataset to be available generated by an expert of unknown 'competence'. We propose $\texttt{warmPref-PS}$, a posterior sampling algorithm for online learning that can be warm-started with an offline dataset with noisy preference feedback. We show that by modeling the competence of the expert that generated it, we are able to use such a dataset most effectively. We support our claims with novel theoretical analysis of its Bayesian regret, as well as extensive empirical evaluation of an approximate algorithm which performs substantially better (almost 25 to 50% regret reduction in our studies) as compared to baselines.
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- 2024
5. A primary study of CMB delensing for future CMB observations
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Chen, Wen-Zheng, Liu, Yang, Li, Siyu, Hu, Bin, and Li, Hong
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
Recognizing the growing significance of contamination from weak gravitational lensing B-modes induced by Large Scale Structure, we investigate a thorough examination of delensing methods aiming at enhancing the sensitivity of r in primordial B-mode detection experiments. In this study, we focus on two specific delensing approaches. One approach involves computing the gradient-order lensing B-mode template by cross-correlating the E-mode with the lensing potential, and subsequently subtracting it from the observed B-mode signal. Another method entails remapping the observations using the estimated deflection angle. Then demonstrate the delensing efficiency using the simulated maps from future CMB polarization experiments, including two ground-based observations: sub-1 m small aperture telescope and 6 m large aperture telescope, and one future space mission with medium aperture telescope. The results reveal that delensing efficiency will be 40% with ground-based small-aperture only, and increases to 65% when combined with a large-aperture telescope. Furthermore, the future satellite experiment achieves an impressive delensing efficiency of approximately 80%.
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- 2024
6. A Decision Tree Model to Help Treatment Decision-Making for Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms: A Multi-center, Long-Term Follow-up Study in a Large Chinese Cohort
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Wen, Zheng, Nie, Xin, Chen, Lei, Liu, Peng, Lan, Chuanjin, Mossa-Basha, Mahmud, Levitt, Michael R., He, Hongwei, Wang, Shuo, Li, Jiangan, Zhu, Chengcheng, and Liu, Qingyuan
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- 2024
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7. RLHF and IIA: Perverse Incentives
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Xu, Wanqiao, Dong, Shi, Lu, Xiuyuan, Lam, Grace, Wen, Zheng, and Van Roy, Benjamin
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
Existing algorithms for reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) can incentivize responses at odds with preferences because they are based on models that assume independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA). The perverse incentives induced by IIA hinder innovations on query formats and learning algorithms.
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- 2023
8. Efficient Online Learning with Offline Datasets for Infinite Horizon MDPs: A Bayesian Approach
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Tang, Dengwang, Jain, Rahul, Hao, Botao, and Wen, Zheng
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control ,Statistics - Machine Learning ,93E35 - Abstract
In this paper, we study the problem of efficient online reinforcement learning in the infinite horizon setting when there is an offline dataset to start with. We assume that the offline dataset is generated by an expert but with unknown level of competence, i.e., it is not perfect and not necessarily using the optimal policy. We show that if the learning agent models the behavioral policy (parameterized by a competence parameter) used by the expert, it can do substantially better in terms of minimizing cumulative regret, than if it doesn't do that. We establish an upper bound on regret of the exact informed PSRL algorithm that scales as $\tilde{O}(\sqrt{T})$. This requires a novel prior-dependent regret analysis of Bayesian online learning algorithms for the infinite horizon setting. We then propose the Informed RLSVI algorithm to efficiently approximate the iPSRL algorithm., Comment: 22 pages
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- 2023
9. Improvement in hydrogen storage performance of MgH2 by vanadium doped with ZIF-8 derived a single-atom catalyst V–N–C
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Hong, Fei-Fan, Shi, Wei-Tao, Zhao, Ruo-Lin, Fan, Yi, Liu, Zi-Qi, Ding, Si-Zhi, Liu, Hai-Zhen, Zhou, Wen-Zheng, Guo, Jin, and Lan, Zhi-Qiang
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- 2024
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10. Active learning of effective Hamiltonian for super-large-scale atomic structures
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Ma, Xingyue, Chen, Hongying, He, Ri, Yu, Zhanbo, Prokhorenko, Sergei, Wen, Zheng, Zhong, Zhicheng, Iñiguez, Jorge, Bellaiche, L., Wu, Di, and Yang, Yurong
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Physics - Applied Physics ,Physics - Computational Physics - Abstract
The first-principles-based effective Hamiltonian scheme provides one of the most accurate modeling technique for large-scale structures, especially for ferroelectrics. However, the parameterization of the effective Hamiltonian is complicated and can be difficult for some complex systems such as high-entropy perovskites. Here, we propose a general form of effective Hamiltonian and develop an active machine learning approach to parameterize the effective Hamiltonian based on Bayesian linear regression. The parameterization is employed in molecular dynamics simulations with the prediction of energy, forces, stress and their uncertainties at each step, which decides whether first-principles calculations are executed to retrain the parameters. Structures of BaTiO$_3$, Pb(Zr$_{0.75}$Ti$_{0.25}$)O$_3$ and (Pb,Sr)TiO$_3$ system are taken as examples to show the accuracy of this approach, as compared with conventional parametrization method and experiments. This machine learning approach provides a universal and automatic way to compute the effective Hamiltonian parameters for any considered complex systems with super-large-scale (more than $10^7$ atoms) atomic structures., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures
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- 2023
11. Saccharopolyspora mangrovi sp. nov., a novel mangrove soil actinobacterium with distinct metabolic potential revealed by comparative genomic analysis
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Lu, Yi-Ting, Wu, Yi-Yi, Li, Ya-Nan, Zheng, Wei-Yi, and Liu, Wen-Zheng
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- 2024
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12. Developments in the study of Chinese herbal medicine's assessment index and action mechanism for diabetes mellitus
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Xin‐Yue Liu, Han‐Wen Zheng, Feng‐Zhong Wang, Tul‐Wahab Atia, Bei Fan, and Qiong Wang
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animal model ,Chinese herbal medicine ,diabetes mellitus ,evaluation index ,mechanism of action ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), based on various pathogenic symptoms and the ‘golden chamber’ medical text, Huangdi Neijing, diabetes mellitus falls under the category ‘collateral disease’. TCM, with its wealth of experience, has been treating diabetes for over two millennia. Different antidiabetic Chinese herbal medicines reduce blood sugar, with their effective ingredients exerting unique advantages. As well as a glucose lowering effect, TCM also regulates bodily functions to prevent diabetes associated complications, with reduced side effects compared to western synthetic drugs. Chinese herbal medicine is usually composed of polysaccharides, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids. These active ingredients reduce blood sugar via various mechanism of actions that include boosting endogenous insulin secretion, enhancing insulin sensitivity and adjusting key enzyme activity and scavenging free radicals. These actions regulate glycolipid metabolism in the body, eventually achieving the goal of normalizing blood glucose. Using different animal models, a number of molecular markers are available for the detection of diabetes induction and the molecular pathology of the disease is becoming clearer. Nonetheless, there is a dearth of scientific data about the pharmacology, dose‐effect relationship, and structure–activity relationship of TCM and its constituents. Further research into the efficacy, toxicity and mode of action of TCM, using different metabolic and molecular markers, is key to developing novel TCM antidiabetic formulations.
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- 2024
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13. Metabolomic approach reveals the mechanism of synthetic communities to promote high quality and high yield of medicinal plants—danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.)
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Hong-Mei Jia, Chang-Wen Zheng, Yu-Rui Wu, Hai Wang, and Zhu-Yun Yan
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SynComs ,Quality ,Microbiomes ,Medicinal plants ,Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge ,Agriculture - Abstract
Abstract Background Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, a significant and widely used medicinal herb, is also recognized in the US Pharmacopoeia as a dietary supplement. However, the decline in yield and quality limits its further development as a traditional herbal medicine. Therefore, a deeper understanding of how synthetic communities (SynCom) affect the quality and yield of S. miltiorrhiza and the underlying mechanisms is necessary. Results In this study, we selected S. miltiorrhiza as the research subject and designed two synthetic communities (SynCom 1 and SynCom 2) using five endophytic fungi without significantly growth-promoting effect. We conducted both greenhouse and field experiments to investigate their impact on the yield and quality of the herbal plants. Greenhouse experiments confirmed that SynCom 1 significantly increased the biomass of S. miltiorrhiza, whereas SynCom 2 had the opposite effect. Field experiments further demonstrated that the application of SynCom 1 promoted photosynthesis and enhanced carbon and nitrogen metabolism, steady and markedly promoted plant growth, and thus increased S. miltiorrhiza yield compared to the uninoculated. In contrast, SynCom 2 inhibited yield but increased the content of the main active components. Un-targeted metabolomics analysis showed that SynCom 1 mainly promoted tricarboxylic acid cycle and nitrogen assimilation process to increase yield, and SynCom 2 mainly increase substrate content in the salvianolic acid and tanshinone synthesis pathways to improve quality. Conclusion These beneficial qualities exhibited by SynComs composed of fungi without apparent growth-promoting abilities represent an untapped resource that can be leveraged to enhance crop productivity. This opens up new research avenues for precision manipulation of plant microbiomes. Graphical abstract
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- 2024
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14. Pollution of four heavy metal elements in dried chili peppers in Guizhou Province and its health risk assessment
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Li-qiang Zhou and Wen-zheng Liu
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Dried chili peppers ,Guizhou Province ,Risk assessment ,Heavy metal elements ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) levels in dried chili peppers from nine districts in Guizhou Province. These heavy metals, widely dispersed and capable of transferring to crops, pose potential health risks to humans. The assessment included modeling daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), total target hazard index (TTHQ), and target carcinogenic risk (TCR) to assess health risks across different population groups. Results showed chromium (0.9540 ± 0.301 mg/kg) and lead (0.8949 ± 0.266 mg/kg) had the highest concentrations, followed by arsenic (0.3287 ± 0.093 mg/kg) and cadmium (0.0627 ± 0.017 mg/kg). Children exhibited higher EDI values than adults, indicating greater health risks from dried chili pepper consumption at equivalent levels. THQ and TTHQ values were below 1 across all regions, indicating no significant health risks associated with dried chili pepper consumption. Similarly, TCR values were below 10–4 for all nine regions, indicating an acceptable level of carcinogenic risk. Overall, consuming dried chili peppers in Guizhou Province poses an acceptable health risk, but caution is advised, especially for children, to limit heavy metal exposure.
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- 2024
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15. Effects of xenogeneic transplantation of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells combined with irbesartan on renal podocyte damage in diabetic rats
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Jing Meng, Xiao Gao, Xiaojuan Liu, Wen Zheng, Yang Wang, Yinghao Wang, Zhenquan Sun, Xiaoxing Yin, and Xueyan Zhou
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Diabetic nephropathy ,Mesenchymal stem cells ,Podocytes ,Inflammation ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
Abstract Background The leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is diabetic nephropathy (DN). Podocyte damage is an early event in the development of DN. Currently, there is no effective treatment strategy that can slow the progression of DN or reverse its onset. The role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation in diabetes and its complications has been extensively studied, and diabetic nephropathy has been a major focus. Irbesartan exerts reno-protective effects independent of lowering blood pressure, can reduce the incidence of proteinuria in rats, and is widely used clinically. However, it remains undetermined whether the combined utilization of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist irbesartan and MSCs could enhance efficacy in addressing DN. Methods A commonly used method for modeling type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) was established using a high-fat diet and a single low-dose injection of STZ (35 mg/kg). The animals were divided into the following 5 groups: (1) the control group (CON), (2) the diabetic nephropathy group (DN), (3) the mesenchymal stem cells treatment group (MSCs), (4) the irbesartan treatment group (Irb), and (5) the combined administration group (MSC + Irb). MSCs (2 × 106 cells/rat) were injected every 10 days through the tail vein for a total of three injections; irbesartan (30 mg/kg/d) was administered by gavage. Additionally, the safety and homing of mesenchymal stem cells were verified using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Results The combination treatment significantly reduced the UACR, kidney index, IGPTT, HOMA-IR, BUN, serum creatine, and related inflammatory factor levels and significantly improved renal function parameters and the expression of proteins related to glomerular podocyte injury in rats. Moreover, MSCs can homing target to damaged kidneys. Conclusions Compared to the administration of MSCs or irbesartan alone, the combination of MSCs and irbesartan exerted better protective effects on glomerular podocyte injury, providing new ideas for the clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells.
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- 2024
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16. Impact of obstructive sleep apnea on prognosis of patients with cardiometabolic multimorbidity
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Xiaogang Liu, Siyi Li, Xiao Wang, Jingyao Fan, Wei Gong, Yan Yan, Hui Ai, Bin Que, Wen Zheng, and Shaoping Nie
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Obstructive sleep apnea ,Cardiometabolic multimorbidity ,Acute coronary syndrome ,Diabetes ,Stroke ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Abstract
Abstract Background Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) is a growing global health problem, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is recognized as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the impact of OSA on the prognosis of CMM patients remains unclear. Methods This study was a sub-study of OSA-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and included 1, 927 hospitalized ACS patients. Patients were divided into the CMM group and the non-CMM group. OSA was diagnosed using the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). The secondary endpoint included cardiac events, all-cause death and all repeat revascularizations. Results This study enrolled 1, 927 patients hospitalized for ACS, with a median follow-up of 3 years. Among them, 723 patients (37.5%) had CMM, while 1, 204 patients (62.5%) did not have CMM. Over half of the patients in each group had OSA. OSA patients exhibited worse cardiometabolic profiles than their non-OSA counterparts, including higher body mass index (BMI), glycemic indices, lipids and inflammation. In the CMM group, OSA patients had a significantly higher incidence of MACCE than non-OSA patients (34.7% vs. 23.7%, p = 0.004). These results remained significant after adjustment, indicating that OSA substantially increased the risk of MACCE in the CMM group (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.432; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.017–2.016; p = 0.040). Conversely, the incidence of MACCE was similar between OSA and non-OSA subgroups within the non-CMM cohort. Subgroup analyses showed that OSA increased the risk of MACCE in CMM patients aged ≥ 60 years (adjusted HR: 1.642; 95% CI: 1.031–2.615; p = 0.037) and in those with specific clinical characteristics. Conclusion OSA significantly impacts the prognosis of CMM patients, highlighting the need for targeted OSA screening and management strategies to improve outcomes in this population potentially.
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- 2024
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17. The tumor-stroma ratio in giant cell tumor of bone: associations with the immune microenvironment and responsiveness to denosumab treatment
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Hai-Lin Wu, Xiao-Bin Wang, Jing Li, and Bo-Wen Zheng
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Tumor-stroma ratio ,The immune microenvironment ,Prognostic biomarker ,Denosumab ,Giant cell tumor of bone ,Orthopedic surgery ,RD701-811 ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
Abstract Background Currently, there is limited understanding regarding the clinical significance of the tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) in giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB). Hence, we aimed to investigate the distribution of TSR in GCTB and explore its correlation with various clinicopathologic factors, immune microenvironment, survival prognosis, and denosumab treatment responsiveness. Methods We conducted a multicenter cohort study comprising 426 GCTB patients treated at four centers. TSR was evaluated on hematoxylin and eosin-stained and immunofluorescent sections of tumor specimens. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, PD-1+, PD-L1+, and FoxP3+ TIL subtypes as well as Ki-67 expression levels in 426 tissue specimens. These parameters were then analyzed for their correlations with patient outcomes [local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and overall survival (OS)], clinicopathological features, and denosumab treatment responsiveness. Results Low TSR was significantly associated with poor LRFS and OS in both cohorts. Furthermore, TSR was also correlated with multiple clinicopathological features, TIL subtype expression, and denosumab treatment responsiveness. TSR demonstrated similar predictive capabilities as the conventional Campanacci staging system for predicting patients' LRFS and OS. Conclusion The results of this study provide evidence supporting the use of TSR as a reliable prognostic tool in GCTB and as a predictor of denosumab treatment responsiveness. These findings may aid in developing individualized treatment strategies for GCTB patients in the future.
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- 2024
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18. Anisotropic mechanism of material removal and ductile-brittle transition in sapphire scratching based on acoustic emission signal
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Xingyu Wang, Yongchen Ning, Wen Zheng, Xiaoyu Bao, Qingliang Zhao, and Sheng Wang
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Sapphire ,Scratching ,Anisotropic mechanism ,Ductile-brittle transition ,Acoustic emission ,Mining engineering. Metallurgy ,TN1-997 - Abstract
Sapphire exhibits typical anisotropy due to its unique crystal structure, and there are significant property differences in different processing areas during the machining of curved sapphire component, making it essential to investigate the anisotropy in the removal process of sapphire materials for efficient curved surface machining. In this study, the force and acoustic emission (AE) signals were monitored at different scratch stages and orientations, and the anisotropic characteristics of ductile-brittle transition (DBT) depths, material removal morphology, and subsurface crack propagation direction were analyzed. The results indicate that the anisotropy of force signals and DBT depths is mainly reflected in the differences between crystal planes. In addition, the removal morphology of materials with different crystal orientations showed smooth scratch grooves with unclear anisotropic characteristics during the ductile removal (DR) stage, while the crack propagation direction with different scratch orientations during the DBT stage showed significant anisotropic characteristics. The brittle removal (BR) stage is characterized by brittle spalling in the form of shell-like, blocky, and fishbone spalling, and there is a significant anisotropic difference in the spalling shapes on both sides of the scratch. The original AE signals, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), and Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) results show that the AE frequencies of different crystal planes are different, and the differences in different scratch orientations on the same crystal plane are reflected in the peak amplitude. Finally, the propagation directions of subsurface cracks with different directions are anisotropic due to different scratching crystal planes, and propagate mainly along directions of 15°, 29°, 32°, 58°, and 105°.
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- 2024
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19. Manipulating spatial structure of high-order quantum coherence with entangled photons
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Huang, Shuang-Yin, Gao, Jing, Ren, Zhi-Cheng, Cheng, Zi-Mo, Zhu, Wen-Zheng, Xue, Shu-Tian, Lou, Yan-Chao, Liu, Zhi-Feng, Chen, Chao, Zhu, Fei, Yang, Li-Ping, Wang, Xi-Lin, and Wang, Hui-Tian
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Quantum Physics - Abstract
High-order quantum coherence reveals the statistical correlation of quantum particles. Manipulation of quantum coherence of light in temporal domain enables to produce single-photon source, which has become one of the most important quantum resources. High-order quantum coherence in spatial domain plays a crucial role in a variety of applications, such as quantum imaging, holography and microscopy. However, the active control of high-order spatial quantum coherence remains a challenging task. Here we predict theoretically and demonstrate experimentally the first active manipulation of high-order spatial quantum coherence by mapping the entanglement of spatially structured photons. Our results not only enable to inject new strength into current applications, but also provide new possibilities towards more wide applications of high-order quantum coherence., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures
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- 2023
20. Improving the Generalization of Unseen Crowd Behaviors for Reinforcement Learning based Local Motion Planners.
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Wen Zheng Terence Ng, Jianda Chen, Sinno Jialin Pan, and Tianwei Zhang 0004
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- 2024
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21. Pollution of four heavy metal elements in dried chili peppers in Guizhou Province and its health risk assessment
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Zhou, Li-qiang and Liu, Wen-zheng
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- 2024
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22. The difference of functional MR imaging in evaluating outcome of patients with diffuse and compact brain arteriovenous malformation
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Wen, Zheng, Zheng, Kaige, Guo, Shuaiwei, Liu, Yang, Wang, Kaiwen, Liu, Qingyuan, Wu, Jun, and Wang, Shuo
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- 2024
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23. Correction: Unveiling the role of HP1α-HDAC1-STAT1 axis as a therapeutic target for HP1α-positive intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
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Xiong, Fei, Wang, Da, Xiong, Wei, Wang, Xin, Huang, Wen-hua, Wu, Guan-hua, Liu, Wen-zheng, Wang, Qi, Chen, Jun-sheng, Kuai, Yi-yang, Wang, Bing, and Chen, Yong-jun
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- 2024
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24. Unveiling the role of HP1α-HDAC1-STAT1 axis as a therapeutic target for HP1α-positive intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
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Xiong, Fei, Wang, Da, Xiong, Wei, Wang, Xin, Huang, Wen-hua, Wu, Guan-hua, Liu, Wen-zheng, Wang, Qi, Chen, Jun-sheng, Kuai, Yi-yang, Wang, Bing, and Chen, Yong-jun
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- 2024
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25. YY1: a key regulator inhibits gastric cancer ferroptosis and mediating apatinib-resistance
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Geng, Zi-Han, Du, Jun-Xian, Chen, Yue-Da, Fu, Pei-Yao, Zhou, Ping-Hong, Qin, Wen-Zheng, and Luo, Yi-Hong
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- 2024
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26. Layered niobium carbide enabling excellent kinetics and cycling stability of Li-Mg-B-H hydrogen storage material: Layered niobium carbide enabling excellent kinetics
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Lu, Li-Wen, Luo, Hui, Li, Guang-Xu, Li, Yun, Wang, Xin-Hua, Huang, Cun-Ke, Lan, Zhi-Qiang, Zhou, Wen-Zheng, Guo, Jin, Ismail, Mohammad, and Liu, Hai-Zhen
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- 2024
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27. Bridging Imitation and Online Reinforcement Learning: An Optimistic Tale
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Hao, Botao, Jain, Rahul, Tang, Dengwang, and Wen, Zheng
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
In this paper, we address the following problem: Given an offline demonstration dataset from an imperfect expert, what is the best way to leverage it to bootstrap online learning performance in MDPs. We first propose an Informed Posterior Sampling-based RL (iPSRL) algorithm that uses the offline dataset, and information about the expert's behavioral policy used to generate the offline dataset. Its cumulative Bayesian regret goes down to zero exponentially fast in N, the offline dataset size if the expert is competent enough. Since this algorithm is computationally impractical, we then propose the iRLSVI algorithm that can be seen as a combination of the RLSVI algorithm for online RL, and imitation learning. Our empirical results show that the proposed iRLSVI algorithm is able to achieve significant reduction in regret as compared to two baselines: no offline data, and offline dataset but used without information about the generative policy. Our algorithm bridges online RL and imitation learning for the first time., Comment: Alphabetical order. Corresponding to Rahul Jain
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- 2023
28. Approximate Thompson Sampling via Epistemic Neural Networks
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Osband, Ian, Wen, Zheng, Asghari, Seyed Mohammad, Dwaracherla, Vikranth, Ibrahimi, Morteza, Lu, Xiuyuan, and Van Roy, Benjamin
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
Thompson sampling (TS) is a popular heuristic for action selection, but it requires sampling from a posterior distribution. Unfortunately, this can become computationally intractable in complex environments, such as those modeled using neural networks. Approximate posterior samples can produce effective actions, but only if they reasonably approximate joint predictive distributions of outputs across inputs. Notably, accuracy of marginal predictive distributions does not suffice. Epistemic neural networks (ENNs) are designed to produce accurate joint predictive distributions. We compare a range of ENNs through computational experiments that assess their performance in approximating TS across bandit and reinforcement learning environments. The results indicate that ENNs serve this purpose well and illustrate how the quality of joint predictive distributions drives performance. Further, we demonstrate that the \textit{epinet} -- a small additive network that estimates uncertainty -- matches the performance of large ensembles at orders of magnitude lower computational cost. This enables effective application of TS with computation that scales gracefully to complex environments.
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- 2023
29. Leveraging Demonstrations to Improve Online Learning: Quality Matters
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Hao, Botao, Jain, Rahul, Lattimore, Tor, Van Roy, Benjamin, and Wen, Zheng
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Mathematics - Statistics Theory ,Statistics - Machine Learning - Abstract
We investigate the extent to which offline demonstration data can improve online learning. It is natural to expect some improvement, but the question is how, and by how much? We show that the degree of improvement must depend on the quality of the demonstration data. To generate portable insights, we focus on Thompson sampling (TS) applied to a multi-armed bandit as a prototypical online learning algorithm and model. The demonstration data is generated by an expert with a given competence level, a notion we introduce. We propose an informed TS algorithm that utilizes the demonstration data in a coherent way through Bayes' rule and derive a prior-dependent Bayesian regret bound. This offers insight into how pretraining can greatly improve online performance and how the degree of improvement increases with the expert's competence level. We also develop a practical, approximate informed TS algorithm through Bayesian bootstrapping and show substantial empirical regret reduction through experiments., Comment: Accepted at ICML 2023
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- 2023
30. Control over Berry Curvature Dipole with Electric Field in WTe2
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Ye, Xing-Guo, Liu, Huiying, Zhu, Peng-Fei, Xu, Wen-Zheng, Yang, Shengyuan A., Shang, Nianze, Liu, Kaihui, and Liao, Zhi-Min
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
Berry curvature dipole plays an important role in various nonlinear quantum phenomena. However, the maximum symmetry allowed for nonzero Berry curvature dipole in the transport plane is a single mirror line, which strongly limits its effects in materials. Here, via probing the nonlinear Hall effect, we demonstrate the generation of Berry curvature dipole by applied dc electric field in WTe2, which is used to break the symmetry constraint. A linear dependence between the dipole moment of Berry curvature and the dc electric field is observed. The polarization direction of the Berry curvature is controlled by the relative orientation of the electric field and crystal axis, which can be further reversed by changing the polarity of the dc field. Our Letter provides a route to generate and control Berry curvature dipole in broad material systems and to facilitate the development of nonlinear quantum devices.
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- 2023
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31. Nanoscale insights into hematology: super-resolved imaging on blood cell structure, function, and pathology
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Jinghan Liu, Yuping Yolanda Tan, Wen Zheng, Yao Wang, Lining Arnold Ju, and Qian Peter Su
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Fluorescence nanoscopy ,Super-resolution microscopy ,Blood cells ,Platelets ,Red blood cells ,White blood cells ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
Abstract Fluorescence nanoscopy, also known as super-resolution microscopy, has transcended the conventional resolution barriers and enabled visualization of biological samples at nanometric resolutions. A series of super-resolution techniques have been developed and applied to investigate the molecular distribution, organization, and interactions in blood cells, as well as the underlying mechanisms of blood-cell-associated diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of various fluorescence nanoscopy technologies, outlining their current development stage and the challenges they are facing in terms of functionality and practicality. We specifically explore how these innovations have propelled forward the analysis of thrombocytes (platelets), erythrocytes (red blood cells) and leukocytes (white blood cells), shedding light on the nanoscale arrangement of subcellular components and molecular interactions. We spotlight novel biomarkers uncovered by fluorescence nanoscopy for disease diagnosis, such as thrombocytopathies, malignancies, and infectious diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the technological hurdles and chart out prospective avenues for future research directions. This review aims to underscore the significant contributions of fluorescence nanoscopy to the field of blood cell analysis and disease diagnosis, poised to revolutionize our approach to exploring, understanding, and managing disease at the molecular level. Graphical Abstract
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- 2024
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32. A novel efficient strategy to generate liver sinusoidal endothelial cells from human pluripotent stem cells
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Shang-Ping Tian, Jian-Yun Ge, Yu-Mu Song, Xiao-Qing Yu, Wen-Hao Chen, Yu-Ying Chen, Di Ye, and Yun-Wen Zheng
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are highly specialized endothelial cells (ECs) that play an important role in liver development and regeneration. Additionally, it is involved in various pathological processes, including steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the rapid dedifferentiation of LSECs after culture greatly limits their use in vitro modeling for biomedical applications. In this study, we developed a highly efficient protocol to induce LSEC-like cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) in only 8 days. Using single-cell transcriptomic analysis, we identified several novel LSEC-specific markers, such as EPAS1, LIFR, and NID1, as well as several previously revealed markers, such as CLEC4M, CLEC1B, CRHBP and FCN3. These LSEC markers are specifically expressed in our LSEC-like cells. Furthermore, hiPSC-derived cells expressed LSEC-specific proteins and exhibited LSEC-related functions, such as the uptake of acetylated low density lipoprotein (ac-LDL) and immune complex endocytosis. Overall, this study confirmed that our novel protocol allowed hiPSCs to rapidly acquire an LSEC-like phenotype and function in vitro. The ability to generate LSECs efficiently and rapidly may help to more precisely mimic liver development and disease progression in a liver-specific multicellular microenvironment, offering new insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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- 2024
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33. Unveiling the role of HP1α-HDAC1-STAT1 axis as a therapeutic target for HP1α-positive intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
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Fei Xiong, Da Wang, Wei Xiong, Xin Wang, Wen-hua Huang, Guan-hua Wu, Wen-zheng Liu, Qi Wang, Jun-sheng Chen, Yi-yang Kuai, Bing Wang, and Yong-jun Chen
- Subjects
Histone modification ,HP1α ,HDACi ,STAT1 ,Interferon ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICCA) is a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors characterized by high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. Heterochromatin Protein 1α (HP1α) is one of the most important nonhistone chromosomal proteins involved in transcriptional silencing via heterochromatin formation and structural maintenance. The effect of HP1α on the progression of ICCA remained unclear. Methods The effect on the proliferation of ICCA was detected by experiments in two cell lines and two ICCA mouse models. The interaction between HP1α and Histone Deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) was determined using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) and the binding mechanism was studied using immunoprecipitation assays (co-IP). The target gene was screened out by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). The occupation of DNA binding proteins and histone modifications were predicted by bioinformatic methods and evaluated by Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation (CUT & Tag) and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Results HP1α was upregulated in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICCA) tissues and regulated the proliferation of ICCA cells by inhibiting the interferon pathway in a Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 (STAT1)-dependent manner. Mechanistically, STAT1 is transcriptionally regulated by the HP1α-HDAC1 complex directly and epigenetically via promoter binding and changes in different histone modifications, as validated by high-throughput sequencing. Broad-spectrum HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) activates the interferon pathway and inhibits the proliferation of ICCA cells by downregulating HP1α and targeting the heterodimer. Broad-spectrum HDACi plus interferon preparation regimen was found to improve the antiproliferative effects and delay ICCA development in vivo and in vitro, which took advantage of basal activation as well as direct activation of the interferon pathway. HP1α participates in mediating the cellular resistance to both agents. Conclusions HP1α-HDAC1 complex influences interferon pathway activation by directly and epigenetically regulating STAT1 in transcriptional level. The broad-spectrum HDACi plus interferon preparation regimen inhibits ICCA development, providing feasible strategies for ICCA treatment. Targeting the HP1α-HDAC1-STAT1 axis is a possible strategy for treating ICCA, especially HP1α-positive cases.
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- 2024
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34. Finite element simulation analysis of flow heat transfer behavior and molten pool characteristics during 0Cr16Ni5Mo1 laser cladding
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Wen-Lin Ye, Ai-Dong Sun, Wen-Zheng Zhai, Gui-Lan Wang, and Chun-Ping Yan
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Additive manufacturing (AM) ,Laser cladding ,Multi-layer multi-track laser cladding ,0Cr16Ni5Mo1 ,Mining engineering. Metallurgy ,TN1-997 - Abstract
0Cr16Ni5Mo1 super martensitic stainless steel has excellent weldability and is an economical material with a high life cycle and low cost, but there are few researches and applications of this material in additive manufacturing. In order to realize the application of 0Cr16Ni5Mo1 large-area laser cladding technology, the multi-track lap cladding of the material was studied. In this work, a multi-physical finite element model of multi-layer multi-track laser cladding was established, taking into account thermodynamic processes such as phase transition, Marangoni convection, and buoyancy. The flow and heat transfer behavior of 0Cr16Ni5Mo1 in multi-layer multi-track laser cladding process and the characteristics of the molten pool are studied. The research focused on the flow heat transfer behavior and molten pool characteristics of 0Cr16Ni5Mo1 during multi-layer multi-track laser cladding. The discussed aspects include the evolution history of the temperature field within the molten pool, flow field characteristics, molten pool dimensions, and dilution ratio under various laser powers and overlap rates. The results show that with the increase of overlap rate, the morphology of molten pools in different clad tracks will also change, and the flow rate, dilution ratio, and length of molten pools in the second track are negatively correlated, while the temperature and height of molten pools are positively correlated. As the laser power increases, all the characteristic quantities are positively correlated with it.
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- 2024
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35. T cell expressions of aberrant gene signatures and Co-inhibitory receptors (Co-IRs) as predictors of renal damage and lupus disease activity
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Chin-Man Wang, Yeong-Jian Jan Wu, Jian-Wen Zheng, Li Yu Huang, Keng Poo Tan, and Ji-Yih Chen
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SLE ,Transcriptome ,Co-inhibitory receptors (Co-IR) ,Medicine - Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is distinguished by an extensive range of clinical heterogeneity with unpredictable disease flares and organ damage. This research investigates the potential of aberrant signatures on T cell genes, soluble Co-IRs/ligands, and Co-IRs expression on T cells as biomarkers for lupus disease parameters. Methods Comparative transcriptome profiling analysis of non-renal and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) phenotypes of SLE was performed using CD4 + and CD8 + cDNA microarrays of sorted T cells. Comparing the expression of Co-IRs on T cells and serum soluble mediators among healthy and SLE phenotypes. Results SLE patients with ESRD were downregulated CD38, PLEK, interferon-γ, CX3CR1, FGFBP2, and SLCO4C1 transcripts on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells simultaneously and NKG7, FCRL6, GZMB/H, FcγRIII, ITGAM, Fas ligand, TBX21, LYN, granulysin, CCL4L1, CMKLR1, HLA-DRβ, KIR2DL3, and KLRD1 in CD8 T cells. Pathway enrichment and PPI network analyses revealed that the overwhelming majority of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) have been affiliated with novel cytotoxic, antigen presentation, and chemokine-cell migration signature pathways. CD8 + GZMK + T cells that are varied in nature, including CD161 + Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells and CD161- aged-associated T (Taa) cells and CD161-GZMK + GZMB + T cells might account for a higher level of GZMK in CD8 + T cells associated with ESRD. SLE patients have higher TIGIT + , PD1 + , and lower CD127 + cell percentages on CD4 + T cells, higher TIM3 + , TIGIT + , HLA-DR + cell frequency, and lower MFI expression of CD127, CD160 in CD8 T cells. Co-IRs expression in T cells was correlated with soluble PD-1, PDL-2, and TIM3 levels, as well as SLE disease activity, clinical phenotypes, and immune-therapy responses. Conclusion The signature of dysfunctional pathways defines a distinct immunity pattern in LN ESRD patients. Expression levels of Co-IRs in peripheral blood T cells and serum levels of soluble PD1/PDL-2/TIM3 can serve as biomarkers for evaluating clinical parameters and therapeutic responses.
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- 2024
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36. All‐dielectric circularly polarised loop antenna made of high‐permittivity ceramic/water
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Fei Fan, Wen Zheng, Feng Zhang, Changzhou Hua, Zai‐Cheng Guo, Yin Li, and Shiyan Wang
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dielectric waveguides ,loop antennas ,Telecommunication ,TK5101-6720 ,Electricity and magnetism ,QC501-766 - Abstract
Abstract A kind of all‐dielectric circularly polarised (CP) loop antenna made of high‐permittivity material is proposed. The leaky‐wave radiation from a high‐permittivity dielectric waveguide is utilised here to support the operation of the proposed antenna. A non‐closed dielectric loop covering a three‐quarter circle is adopted to generate CP radiation and it is connected with the dielectric ground via one of bending ends to form an all‐in‐one structure of the antenna. The other end is also bent and vertical to the ground, but hanging in the air for probe feed. As two kinds of typical high‐permittivity dielectric materials, zirconia ceramic and pure water are used to implement the proposed design respectively. On one hand, an all‐ceramic CP loop antenna made of zirconia is proposed. And benefiting from the low loss and high melting point of zirconia, the proposed ceramic antenna has superiority in radiation efficiency and could adapt to a harsh environment. On the other hand, by using pure water and transparent container, a fully‐transparent CP water loop antenna can be obtained. Finally, a 3‐D printing technology is adopted in the manufacturing of ceramic structure and resin container. Measured results of both antennas demonstrate the validity of the proposed design.
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- 2024
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37. BRD4 inhibitors broadly promote erastin-induced ferroptosis in different cell lines by targeting ROS and FSP1
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Chenyang Fan, Xiaohong Guo, Jie Zhang, Wen Zheng, Chonglin Shi, Yongwei Qin, Haoliang Shen, Yang Lu, Yihui Fan, Yanli Li, Liuting Chen, and Renfang Mao
- Subjects
Ferroptosis ,BRD4 ,ROS ,FSP1 ,JQ-1 ,I-BET-762 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death, is a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is an epigenetic reader and a promising target for cancer therapeutics. However, the role of BRD4 in ferroptosis is controversial and the value of the interaction between BRD4 inhibitors and ferroptosis inducers remains to be explored. Here, we found that BRD4 inhibition greatly enhanced erastin-induced ferroptosis in different types of cells, including HEK293T, HeLa, HepG2, RKO, and PC3 cell lines. Knocking down BRD4 in HEK293T and HeLa cells also promoted erastin-induced cell death. BRD4 inhibition by JQ-1 and I-BET-762 or BRD4 knockdown resulted in substantial accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in both HEK293T and HeLa cells. The effect of BRD4 inhibition on ferroptosis-associated genes varied in different cells. After using BRD4 inhibitors, the expression of FTH1, Nrf2, and GPX4 increased in HEK293T cells, while the levels of VDAC2, VDAC3, and FSP1 decreased. In HeLa cells, the expression of FTH1, VDAC2, VDAC3, Nrf2, GPX4, and FSP1 was reduced upon treatment with JQ-1 and I-BET-762. Consistently, the level of FSP1 was greatly reduced in HEK293T and HeLa cells with stable BRD4 knockdown compared to control cells. Furthermore, ChIP-sequencing data showed that BRD4 bound to the promoter of FSP1, but the BRD4 binding was greatly reduced upon JQ-1 treatment. Our results suggest that ROS accumulation and FSP1 downregulation are common mechanisms underlying increased ferroptosis with BRD4 inhibitors. Thus, BRD4 inhibitors might be more effective in combination with ferroptosis inducers, especially in FSP1-dependent cancer cells.
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- 2024
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38. Impact of COVID 19 Infection and Development of Cardiovascular Disease
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Shu, Hongyang, primary, Wen, Zheng, additional, Li, Na, additional, Zhang, Zixuan, additional, Ceesay, Bala Musa, additional, Peng, Yizhong, additional, Zhou, Ning, additional, and Wang, Dao Wen, additional
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- 2024
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39. Reinforcement Learning in Credit Scoring and Underwriting
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Kiatsupaibul, Seksan, Chansiripas, Pakawan, Manopanjasiri, Pojtanut, Visantavarakul, Kantapong, and Wen, Zheng
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Statistics - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
This paper proposes a novel reinforcement learning (RL) framework for credit underwriting that tackles ungeneralizable contextual challenges. We adapt RL principles for credit scoring, incorporating action space renewal and multi-choice actions. Our work demonstrates that the traditional underwriting approach aligns with the RL greedy strategy. We introduce two new RL-based credit underwriting algorithms to enable more informed decision-making. Simulations show these new approaches outperform the traditional method in scenarios where the data aligns with the model. However, complex situations highlight model limitations, emphasizing the importance of powerful machine learning models for optimal performance. Future research directions include exploring more sophisticated models alongside efficient exploration mechanisms.
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- 2022
40. Hong-Ou-Mandel Interference between Two Hyper-Entangled Photons Enables Observation of Symmetric and Anti-Symmetric Particle Exchange Phases
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Liu, Zhi-Feng, Chen, Chao, Xu, Jia-Min, Cheng, Zi-Mo, Ren, Zhi-Cheng, Dong, Bo-Wen, Lou, Yan-Chao, Yang, Yu-Xiang, Xue, Shu-Tian, Liu, Zhi-Hong, Zhu, Wen-Zheng, Wang, Xi-Lin, and Wang, Hui-Tian
- Subjects
Quantum Physics - Abstract
Two-photon Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is a fundamental quantum effect with no classical counterpart. The exiting researches on two-photon interference were mainly limited in one degree of freedom (DoF), hence it is still a challenge to realize the quantum interference in multiple DoFs. Here we demonstrate the HOM interference between two hyper-entangled photons in two DoFs of polarization and orbital angular momentum (OAM) for all the sixteen hyper-entangled Bell states. We observe hyper-entangled two-photon interference with bunching effect for ten symmetric states (nine Boson-Boson states, one Fermion-Fermion state) and anti-bunching effect for six anti-symmetric states (three Boson-Fermion states, three Fermion-Boson states). More interestingly, expanding the Hilbert space by introducing an extra DoF for two photons enables to transfer the unmeasurable external phase in the initial DoF to a measurable internal phase in the expanded two DoFs. We directly measured the symmetric exchange phases being $0.012 \pm 0.002$, $0.025 \pm 0.002$ and $0.027 \pm 0.002$ in radian for the three Boson states in OAM and the anti-symmetric exchange phase being $0.991 \pi \pm 0.002$ in radian for the other Fermion state, as theoretical predictions. Our work may not only pave the way for more wide applications of quantum interference, but also develop new technologies by expanding Hilbert space in more DoFs., Comment: Accepted by Physical Review Letters
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- 2022
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41. Joint-sensemaking, innovation, and communication management during crisis: Evidence from the DCT applications in China
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Jingjing Qu, Liwei Chen, Hui Zou, Hui Hui, Wen Zheng, Jar-Der Luo, Qingyuan Gong, Yuwei Zhang, Tianyu Wen, and Yang Chen
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General Works - Abstract
As exemplified by the COVID-19 pandemic, the design and implementation of data-driven health surveillance, like digital contact tracing (DCT) apps, carry significant implications for society. However, its rushed development calls for careful consideration from all involved stakeholders to achieve a shared understanding and engage in joint-sensemaking in order to implement DCT collaboratively and effectively utilize it in the fight against the pandemic. Yet, the empirical ground truth and theoretical mechanism of joint-sensemaking are both unclear. Drawing on this gap, this article applies a multistep approach, including sentiment analysis, topic analysis coupled with regression and unique network analysis, to thoroughly explore, examine, and explain the dynamic process of joint-sensemaking in the context of a public crisis. Based on evidence from 113,264 Weibo posts, we illustrate two joint-sensemaking pathways and three key interventions using the case of China's Health Code in the context of the DCT. We reveal that the effectiveness of different interventions and contributions made by stakeholders vary significantly between different joint-sensemaking pathways. Specifically, we find that official media and opinion leaders act as crucial mediators in bridging intervention conductors and the public. However, their influence presents heterogeneity toward different network modularity, thus leading to distinct patterns. Additionally, inconsistent with previous literature, we find that within the context of the China Health Code, official media has a greater impact on opinion leaders in engaging the public.
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- 2024
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42. Tangeretin, an active flavonoid in citrus peel, alleviates cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity via the activation of AMPK and the prevention on mitochondrial dysfunction
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Jian-qiang Wang, Ruo-bing Zhang, Jun-nan Hu, Jing-jing Xing, Shan Tang, Si-wen Zheng, Feng-jie Lei, Li-chun Zhao, Zi Wang, and Wei Li
- Subjects
Tangeretin ,Cisplatin ,Cardiotoxicity ,AMPK ,Mitochondrial dysfunction ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is a common side effect of cisplatin in cancer treatment, often complicating patient care. Tangeretin (TG), a natural compound found in citrus peel, shows promise in protecting against cisplatin-induced heart damage. Our study investigated TG’s protective effects both in cell culture and in animal models. TG effectively countered cisplatin-induced damage in heart cells, promoting mitochondrial health and glucose transporter expression. In animal studies, TG reduced markers of heart damage and improved cardiac function. Mechanistically, TG activated AMPK, reduced the inactivation of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (ACC) protein and inhibited p38 MAPK and prevented mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. This research sheds light on TG’s potential in safeguarding the heart from cisplatin-induced harm.
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- 2024
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43. Broadening horizons: the role of ferroptosis in polycystic ovary syndrome
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Min Wang, Bo-Qi Zhang, Shuai Ma, Ying Xu, Dong-Hai Zhao, Jing-Shun Zhang, Chun-Jin Li, Xu Zhou, and Lian-Wen Zheng
- Subjects
ferroptosis ,polycystic ovary syndrome ,oxidative stress ,metabolic disorders ,expression ,biomarkers ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common heterogeneous reproductive endocrine metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age characterized by clinical and biochemical hyperandrogenemia, ovulation disorders, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Ferroptosis is a novel type of cell death driven by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis plays a role in maintaining redox balance, iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, mitochondrial activity, and many other signaling pathways linked to diseases. Iron overload is closely related to insulin resistance, decreased glucose tolerance, and the occurrence of diabetes mellitus. There is limited research on the role of ferroptosis in PCOS. Patients with PCOS have elevated levels of ferritin and increased reactive oxygen species in ovarian GCs. Studying ferroptosis in PCOS patients is highly important for achieving personalized treatment. This article reviews the progress of research on ferroptosis in PCOS, introduces the potential connections between iron metabolism abnormalities and oxidative stress-mediated PCOS, and provides a theoretical basis for diagnosing and treating PCOS.
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- 2024
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44. Key factor screening in mouse NASH model using single-cell sequencing combined with machine learning
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Yu-Mu Song, Jian-Yun Ge, Min Ding, and Yun-Wen Zheng
- Subjects
NASH ,Macrophage ,Machine learning ,Single-cell RNA sequencing ,Core genes ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Aims: To identify and analyze genes closely related to the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by employing a combination of single-cell RNA sequencing and machine-learning algorithms. Main methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis was performed to find the cell population with the most significant differences between the Chow and NASH groups. This approach was used to validate the developmental trajectory of this cell population and investigate changes in cellular communication and important signaling pathways among these cells. Subsequently, high dimensional Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (hdWGCNA) was used to find the key modules in NASH. Machine learning analyses were performed to further identify core genes. Deep learning techniques were applied to elucidate the correlation between core genes and immune cells. The accuracy of this correlation was further confirmed using deep learning techniques, specifically Convolutional Neural Networks. Key findings: By comparing scRNA-seq data between the Chow and NASH groups, we have observed a notable distinction existing in the Kupffer cell population. Signaling interactions between hepatic macrophages and other cells were significantly heightened in the NASH group. Through subsequent analysis of macrophage subtypes and key modules, we identified 150 genes tightly associated with NASH. Finally, we highlighted the 16 most significant core genes using multiple iterations of machine learning. Furthermore, we pointed out the close relationship between core genes and immune cells. Significances: Using scRNA-seq analysis and machine learning, we can distinguish NASH-related genes from large genetic datasets, providing theoretical support in finding potential targets for the development of novel therapies.
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- 2024
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45. Mitochondrial GPX4 acetylation is involved in cadmium-induced renal cell ferroptosis
- Author
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Yue-Yue Guo, Nan-Nan Liang, Xiao-Yi Zhang, Ya-Hui Ren, Wen-Zheng Wu, Zhi-Bing Liu, Yi-Zhang He, Yi-Hao Zhang, Yi-Chao Huang, Tao Zhang, De-Xiang Xu, and Shen Xu
- Subjects
Acute kidney injury ,Ferroptosis ,Mitochondrial lipid peroxidation ,Mitochondrial GPX4 acetylation ,SIRT3 ,Nicotinamide mononucleotide ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Increasing evidences demonstrate that environmental stressors are important inducers of acute kidney injury (AKI). This study aimed to investigate the impact of exposure to Cd, an environmental stressor, on renal cell ferroptosis. Transcriptomics analyses showed that arachidonic acid (ARA) metabolic pathway was disrupted in Cd-exposed mouse kidneys. Targeted metabolomics showed that renal oxidized ARA metabolites were increased in Cd-exposed mice. Renal 4-HNE, MDA, and ACSL4, were upregulated in Cd-exposed mouse kidneys. Consistent with animal experiments, the in vitro experiments showed that mitochondrial oxidized lipids were elevated in Cd-exposed HK-2 cells. Ultrastructure showed mitochondrial membrane rupture in Cd-exposed mouse kidneys. Mitochondrial cristae were accordingly reduced in Cd-exposed mouse kidneys. Mitochondrial SIRT3, an NAD+-dependent deacetylase that regulates mitochondrial protein stability, was reduced in Cd-exposed mouse kidneys. Subsequently, mitochondrial GPX4 acetylation was elevated and mitochondrial GPX4 protein was reduced in Cd-exposed mouse kidneys. Interestingly, Cd-induced mitochondrial GPX4 acetylation and renal cell ferroptosis were exacerbated in Sirt3−/− mice. Conversely, Cd-induced mitochondrial oxidized lipids were attenuated in nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN)-pretreated HK-2 cells. Moreover, Cd-evoked mitochondrial GPX4 acetylation and renal cell ferroptosis were alleviated in NMN-pretreated mouse kidneys. These results suggest that mitochondrial GPX4 acetylation, probably caused by SIRT3 downregulation, is involved in Cd-evoked renal cell ferroptosis.
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- 2024
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46. Characteristic-Preserving Latent Space for Unpaired Cross-Domain Translation of 3D Point Clouds.
- Author
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Jia-Wen Zheng, Jhen-Yung Hsu, Chih-Chia Li, and I-Chen Lin
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- 2024
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47. Orbital polarization and third-order anomalous Hall effect in WTe2
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Ye, Xing-Guo, Zhu, Peng-Fei, Xu, Wen-Zheng, Zang, Zhihao, Ye, Yu, and Liao, Zhi-Min
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
The anomalous Hall effect (AHE) has been extended into the nonlinear regime, where the Hall voltage shows higher-order response to the applied current. Nevertheless, the microscopic mechanism of the nonlinear AHE remains unclear. Here we report the orbital polarization and its induced third-order AHE in few-layer WTe2 flakes. Through angle-dependent electric measurements, it is found that the third-order AHE is quite consistent with the electric field induced polarization of orbital magnetic moment caused by the Berry connection polarizability tensor, which is further directly detected by polar reflective magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. The microscopic mechanisms of third-order AHE are analyzed through the scaling law, that is, the opposite orbital magnetic moments (up or down) deflect to opposite directions driven by electric field induced Berry curvature, forming the intrinsic contribution; driven by the Magnus effect of the self-rotating Bloch electrons, the opposite orbital magnetic moments are scattered towards opposite transverse directions, resulting in the skew scattering.
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- 2022
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48. Identification of Key Genes Mediated by N6-Methyladenosine Methyltransferase METTL3 in Ischemic Stroke via Bioinformatics Analysis and Experiments
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Liang, Tian, Zhu, Lulu, Yang, Jialei, Huang, Xiaolan, Lv, Miao, Liu, Shengying, Wen, Zheng, Su, Li, and Zhou, Lifang
- Published
- 2023
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49. The complete chloroplast genomes of three Alismataceae species, including the medicinally important Alisma orientale
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Wen Zheng, Jing Liu, Wenqi Zhao, Zongyi Zhao, Zhiqiong Lan, and Jun Wen
- Subjects
Alisma ,Alismataceae ,chloroplast genome ,herbariomics ,phylogenetic analysis ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
AbstractAlismataceae is one of the early diverged families of monocotyledonous plants. We report the complete chloroplast genomes of three Alisma species, including Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep. 1934, A. subcordatum Raf. 1908, and A. triviale Pursh 1813, of which A. orientale is a traditional Chinese medical plant used widely to treat diuretics, diabetes, hepatitis, and inflammation. We sequenced the complete chloroplast genomes with the Illumina Nova-Seq 6000 platform using herbarium collections. The chloroplast genomes of A. orientale, A. subcordatum and A. triviale are 159,861 bp, 160,180 bp, and 159,727 bp in length, respectively. The three chloroplast genomes each contain 113 genes, including four rRNAs, 30 tRNAs genes, and 79 protein-coding genes, and the average GC content is 36.0%. Based on the whole chloroplast genomes of 19 species of Alismataceae and the close allies, the medicinally important A. orientale was found to be closely related to another medicinal plant Alisma plantago-aquatica L. 1753 in the phylogenetic analysis. The genus Alisma was supported to be monophyletic.
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- 2024
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50. Dysregulation and antimetastatic function of circLRIG1 modulated by miR-214-3p/LRIG1 axis in bladder carcinoma
- Author
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Shiliang Cheng, Chunguang Li, Lu Liu, Xinli Liu, Meng Li, Jinhua Zhuo, Jue Wang, Wen Zheng, and Zhongmin Wang
- Subjects
Bladder carcinoma ,circLRIG1 ,miR-214-3p ,LRIG1 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Abstract CircLRIG1, a newly discovered circRNA, has yet to have its potential function and biological processes reported. This study explored the role of circLRIG1 in the development and progression of bladder carcinoma and its potential molecular mechanisms. Techniques such as qRT-PCR, Western blot, various cellular assays, and in vivo models were used to investigate mRNA and protein levels, cell behavior, molecular interactions, and tumor growth. The results showed that both circLRIG1 and LRIG1 were significantly reduced in bladder carcinoma tissues and cell lines. Low circLRIG1 expression was associated with poor patient prognosis. Overexpressing circLRIG1 inhibited bladder carcinoma cell growth, migration, and invasion, promoted apoptosis, and decreased tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Importantly, circLRIG1 was found to sponge miR-214-3p, enhancing LRIG1 expression, and its overexpression also modulated protein levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, and LRIG1. Similar effects were observed with LRIG1 overexpression. Notably, a positive correlation was found between circLRIG1 and LRIG1 expression in bladder carcinoma tissues. Additionally, the tumor-suppressing effect of circLRIG1 was reversed by overexpressing miR-214-3p or silencing LRIG1. The study concludes that circLRIG1 suppresses bladder carcinoma progression by enhancing LRIG1 expression via sponging miR-214-3p, providing a potential strategy for early diagnosis and treatment of bladder carcinoma.
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- 2024
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