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China crude oil pipeline industry commonly faces with abandonment problem because of the decreasing output of oilfield and pipeline integrity problem. China released its first standard on abandoned pipeline (SY/T 7413-2018) named specifications for the disposal of abandoned oil&gas pipelines and it is implemented on the April 1st 2019. Pipeline cleaning is very necessary to dispose the abandoned pipeline to eliminate the risk of environment and safety. There are many cleaning agents for abandoned pipeline in the market. This chemical cleaning agent is not suitable for china pipeline because the wax remained in china pipeline is different that of foreign pipeline. The wax content in residual of china pipeline is very high. So, preparation of cleaning agent suitable for china pipeline is very important to remove wax with low cost. In this study one kind of hydrophilic cleaning agent is prepared. The result of lab test result and cleaning project both show that the kind of cleaning have excellent performance for the abandoned pipeline.

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the relationship between fasting blood glucose (FBG) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Subjects and methods: The study enrolled 2,959 women seen at the Maanshan People's Hospital of Anhui Province from December 2013 to December 2018. Carotid IMT was measured using Doppler ultrasound. Linear regression and R smoothing curves were used to analyze the relationship between blood glucose level and carotid IMT in the premenopausal and postmenopausal groups. Results: Postmenopausal compared with premenopausal women had higher mean IMT (mIMT; 0.81 ± 0.23 mm versus 0.70 ± 0.14 mm, respectively, p < 0.001) and maximum IMT (maxIMT; 0.86 ± 0.35 mm versus 0.74 ± 0.16 mm, respectively, p < 0.001) values. On linear regression analysis, mIMT values increased with increasing FBG values when FBG level was ≤ 7 mmol/L, but no significance was found between FBG and maxIMT. After stratification by menopausal status, mIMT and maxIMT increased with increasing FBG when FBG was ≤ 7 mmol/L in the premenopausal group. In the postmenopausal group, mIMT and maxIMT increased with increasing FBG. After adjustment for covariate factors, the relationship between FBG and mIMT remained the same as before the adjustment, but when FBG was ≤ 11 mmol/L, the maxIMT increased with increasing FBG. In the stratification analysis, maxIMT increased with increasing FBG when FBG was ≤ 7 mmol/L in the premenopausal group, while both mIMT and maxIMT increased with increasing FBG when FBG was > 10 mmol/L in the postmenopausal group. Conclusion: Levels of FBG contributed more to increased IMT in postmenopausal than premenopausal women. The influence of FBG was greater on maxIMT than mIMT. Additionally, FBG was helpful in assessing focal thickening of the carotid intima.

[Purpose/Significance] The research paradigm of digital humanities provides an opportunity for researchers to conduct evidence-based research based on second-hand resources. The second-hand evidence in the evidence-based digital humanities research mainly refers to the secondary evidence obtained by researchers through analysis of the original literature records. Academic papers are such an example of second-hand evidence and analysis of these papers enables us to be focused on the exploration, discussion and comprehension of the specific evidence. [Method/Process] This paper aims to shed light on the theoretical basis related to second-hand evidence based digital humanities research, and conduct an empirical analysis with Dunhuang wooden and bamboo slips of Han Dynasty. Through the coding analysis of 287 relevant research papers downloaded from the CNKI database, the reliability and validity of the research were tested, and a comprehensive analysis of the category system was conducted. On this basis, two independent coders systematically coded all academic papersby, and a coding system was formed with reliable reliability and validity. This coding system provided us a foundation to summarize the procedure of extracting the second-hand evidence from academic papers in the digital humanities research. [Results/Conclusions] This paper issued a three-stage and five- link procedure for second-hand evidence based digital humanity research. The "three stages" refer to the systematical literature retrieval, category formulation and comprehensive analysis of the second-hand evidence elements and the five links include evidence retrieval, reliability test, validity test, category construction and evidence element synthesis. The procedure developed by this research is expected to shed light on the knowledge organization of ancient literature works and lay a foundation for the digital humanities research based on the secondary resources like academic papers. Thus, based on the above procedure, the researchers in the digital humanities area are able to extract fruitful second-hand evidence from secondary resources (academic papers, for example) instead of acquiring initial evidence. This procedure may benefit the evidence-based digital humanity research because it is always a challenging task for individual researcher to access the initial research material like Dunhang wooden and bamboo slips of Han Dynasty. In summary, the paradigm constructed in this study has certain theoretical reference and practical guidance value for the construction of evidence-based digital humanities subject, and academic and discourse system. Thus, it is expected to benefit the construction of independent knowledge system of evidence-based digital humanities with Chinese characteristics.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between interleukin (IL)-35 level and IL-35-producing regulatory T cells (iTr35 subset) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-infected mice. After the mice were injected with Mtb strain H37R via tail vein, the bacterial burden, lung lesions, and the impact of immune suppression on the infected mice were respectively assessed. The results, when compared with the control mice, showed that the mRNA expression levels of the p35 and Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3 of IL-35 were significantly increased in the Mtb-infected mouse spleen at 4 or 8 weeks post-infection and their protein expression levels were concurrently increased in the lungs of the mice, especially in 8 week infected mice. In addition, the levels of serum IL-35 and the iTr35 subset in the spleen of mice were also increased in 4 or 8 weeks post-infection compared with the control mice. Importantly, the high bacterial burden and lung lesions and the low mouse weight were found at 8 week post-infection. Therefore, the mice infected with Mtb resulted in elevating IL-35 level and iTr35 subset and increasing bacterial burden and lung lesions. The findings from the study suggest IL-35 and iTr35 cells may exert an immune suppression role in chronic Mtb-infected mice.