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Purpose of the study: China is the second holder of world natural as well as cultural heritage sites. Wuyishan is a natural and cultural World Heritage Site among them. While many factors influencing tourist behaviour have been explored in the context of destination marketing in the past, few of them focused on domestic travel programs. Methodology: This study administered the survey to 457 valid local visitors who visited Wuyishan on the spot. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to examine the relationships among destination image (DI), destination attachment (DA), perceived value (PV), destination satisfaction (DS), and destination loyalty (DL). Main findings: Empirical findings highlighted two critical roles of heritage tourism, PV and DS. The former acts as a complete mediator in the relationship between DI and DS, whereas the latter does the same in the relationship between PV and DL. Originality/value: Managers of tourism and hospitality should offer and shape those unique self-characteristics and attributes first in order to create an impressive PV that will strongly link the DI of these tourists to their DS. By contrast, DA is not a determinant factor in heritage tourism.

Purpose of the study: "Image" not only exists in the market of consumer goods as well as tourism but also is the criteria usually used by consumers to make decisions. However, little literature is concerned with a comprehensive analysis of its development trajectory, application domains, and strategic implications. This study aims at conducting an extensive review of DI's current literature to examine the key concept of consumer behaviors. Methodology: Based on Scopus, this paper surveys the development trajectory of destination image using a literature review with the solo keyword “destination image” from 1990 to 2019. Main findings: The findings indicate that the development of destination image begins in 1995 and the overall growth is steady and strong. There are three development waves, such as 2002-2007, 2008-2013, and 2015-2019. These 908 articles were scattered across 182 different journals. Besides, all these keywords related to counties/areas are mostly equipped with tourism competitiveness as well. Applications of this study: This study reveals five problem domains of destination image including environment and government, destinations, tourists, culture, and others, respectively. This would call the attention of the executives and authorities concerned with environmental sustainability, adaptability/responsiveness of strategies, destination competitiveness, capabilities development, resource allocation, and tourist behavior (e.g., decision-making and post-purchase intention). Originality/Value: Based on the nexus between “environment-destination-tourist”, this study proposed a strategic map of DI to future researchers and field workers of great interests to operationalize and conceptualize its coverage.

PurposeDue to the internationalization that has occurred during the past few decades, the living conditions of people around the island of Taiwan have gradually changed, especially their eating habits. Among them, the growth of the coffee market has been very significant. To date, many studies have been devoted to exploring the application of experiential marketing (EM) in a variety of industries. Many experimental results have proven that a positive brand image (BI) will lead to brand loyalty (BL). In services, the best at the practice of EM is Starbucks. Therefore, this paper aims to assess the role of BI in EM and BL for Taiwan’s most popular brand, Starbucks.Design/methodology/approachIn the formal test stage, 225 questionnaires were given to respondents in Starbucks located in four districts (Da-An, Zhong-Zheng, Nei-Hu and Xi-Yin), which have many more stores than the other districts in Taipei City. Two hundred valid samples were obtained. This study used structural equation modelling (SEM) to validate the relationships among EM, BI and BL.FindingsThe findings show that EM cannot directly impact BL as expected, as it needs BI to do so. In other words, BI acts a complete mediator in the relationship between EM and BL.Practical implicationsIn this study, BI acts a complete mediator. This means that if Starbucks expects to improve consumers’ loyalty to the brand, it only needs to rely on the good overall image of the brand. Facing such business style homogeneity, people need some available information to help them to execute their following purchase decisions. Though Starbucks can bring me to its locations, meaning that Starbucks has made its first move in comparison with other competitors, I still decide to leave without any impressive image of this brand. Accordingly, we can refer to BI as a powerful endorsement of a qualified relationship between EM and BL.Originality/valueCompared to past studies on Taiwan’s/Taipei’s Starbucks, this paper simultaneously inputs EM, BI and BL into the model. Though Starbucks has achieved great EM success, this study finds that EM is no longer exclusive to BL, and BI is a powerful endorsement of a qualified relationship between EM and BL. For Starbucks, it must strengthen consumer perceptions of its BI to create customer loyalty.

Purpose of the study: Increases in global travel have led to the internationalization of the hospitality industry. Though a number of applications of social media have been examined in the hospitality industry, few of them integrate key dimensions of fan pages into a measurement model in the same time, including interactivity (INT), engagement (ENG), trust (TRT), friendship (FRP), word-of-mouth (WOM) and purchase intention (PI). Methodology: Based on 408 valid fans from Facebook fan pages of 24 International hotels in Taiwan, the empirical results show that ENG, FRP, TRT, and WOM all act as partial mediators in their impact on post-purchase behaviors. Based on Taiwanese International hotels, this study attempts to explore why these owners want more than just a friend. Main findings: The empirical results show that ENG, FRP, TRT, and WOM all act as partial mediators in their impact on post-purchase behaviors. The study demonstrates the mechanisms behind utilizing social media to build solid long term potentially profitable relationships with hotel clientele. Originality/value: We propose and empirically investigate an integrated theoretical framework to more fully capture and describe the consumer’s behavior in the brand community. Our model of the social media process is informed by an “S-O-R” view from consumer behavior, where INT and ENG help create the situation which acts as a stimulus for FRP and TRT which in turn influence BL, WOM, and further PIs. Here, we see the pull force (website INT) as an influence on the brand-consumer relationship (i.e., FRP) through a push force (fan’s ENG). Together and along with the brand content they combine to create the consumer stimulus.

Love of beauty is human’s nature. The term anti-ageing has undoubtedly become the main stream of healthcare in the twenty-first century. However, the ultimate pursuit of medical cosmetology service...

The advancement of automobiles (thereinafter auto) during these decades has not only made great contributions to the economic development, but also significantly changed people’s life. Apparently, ...

Cyclopropanation using dimethylsulfoxonium methylide (Corey–Chaykovsky reaction) was examined with a series of linear α,β-unsaturated ketones, and the results showed that the major trajectory for the addition of the sulfur ylide to the enones is anti, related to the γ-substituent. The stereochemical assignment for the generated cyclopropanes was achieved by X-ray crystallography or comparing with the reported spectroscopic data. We found that the diastereoselectivity was influenced by several factors, including the protecting groups, solvents, and temperatures, and good anti/syn ratios (>10:1) were often obtained using the tert-butyldimethylsilyl and tert-butyldiphenylsilyl-protected substrates. The method was applied to a formal synthesis of a natural eicosanoid with good efficiency.

Hydroamination of 3-butynamine derivatives to give non-aromatic 2,3-dihydropyrroles was achieved by using PdCl2 or AuCl as the catalyst. With microwave-assisted heating, up to 92% isolated yield was obtained from this intramolecular 5-endo-dig cyclisation. The cyclopentane- and cyclohexane-fused 2,3-dihydropyrroles were transformed into the corresponding N-tosyl-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acids.

Tourism activities can refer to an extension of a brand–consumer relationship. While growth in many industries is flat, worldwide tourism revenues continue to grow. A literature review is not only a crucial endeavour for any academic research, but also the foundation and inspiration for substantial, useful research. Among extant studies on tourism management (TM), few are on literature review while most are concerned with specific issues or countries/areas. This paper aims to draw up an integrated framework of TM. Little effort has been made to systematically examine the vast TM-related literature so as to facilitate better understandings of TM. To eliminate the gap among the extant studies and develop the TM trajectory, a content analysis was undertaken using keywords “TM” in 5 online electronic databases from 1990 to 2013. Based on 773 articles, we discovered the number of publications on TM has significantly increased since 2000 and a steady growth since 2008. While 773 articles are scattered across 19...

Three mixed-alkali metals uranyl silicates, Na 3 K 3 [(UO 2 ) 3 (Si 2 O 7 ) 2 ]·2H 2 O ( 1 ), Na 3 Rb 3 [(UO 2 ) 3 (Si 2 O 7 ) 2 ] ( 2 ), and Na 6 Rb 4 [(UO 2 ) 4 Si 12 O 33 ] ( 3 ), have been synthesized by high-temperature, high-pressure hydrothermal reactions at 550 °C and 1440 bar, and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence, and thermogravimetric analysis. Compound 1 and 2 are isostructural and contain layers of uranyl disilicate. The smaller cation, Na + , is located in the intralayer channels, whereas the larger cations, K + and Rb + , and water molecule are located in the interlayer region. The absence of lattice water in 2 can be understood according to the valence-matching principle. The structure is related to that of a previously reported mixed-valence uranium(V,VI) silicate. Compound 3 adopts a 3D framework structure and contains a unique unbranched dreier fourfold silicate chain with the structural formula {uB,4 1 ∞ }[ 3 Si 12 O 33 ] formed of Q 2 , Q 3 , and Q 4 Si. The connectivity of the Si atoms in the Si 12 O 33 18− anion can be interpreted on the basis of Zintl–Klemm concept. Crystal data for compound 1 : triclinic, P -1, a =5.7981(2) A, b =7.5875(3) A, c =12.8068(5) A, α =103.593(2)°, β =102.879(2)°, γ =90.064(2)°, V =533.00(3) A 3 , Z =1, R 1=0.0278; compound 2 : triclinic, P -1, a =5.7993(3) A, b =7.5745(3) A, c =12.9369(6) A, α =78.265(2)°, β =79.137(2)°, γ =89.936(2)°, V =546.02(4) A 3 , Z =1, R 1=0.0287; compound 3 : monoclinic, C 2/ m , a =23.748(1) A, b =7.3301(3) A, c =15.2556(7) A, β =129.116(2)°, V =2060.4(2) A 3 , Z =2, R 1=0.0304.

The semiconductor industry has made great contributions to Taiwan’s economy in the past 20 years. Because of competitive salaries and generous fringe benefits, some famous semiconductor manufacturers have become the best choice for students right after graduation. However, such magnetic effect has gradually faded away in the face of implementation of expensive employee bonuses. In a changeable environment, sharing knowledge will maintain organizational competitiveness and improve employees’ cohesion. As the semiconductor industry is characterized by a low-wage and high-turnover rate, the incurred job insecurities and career uncertainties have begun to force employees to change their cohesion, loyalty to organizations and even to reduce their willingness to share knowledge with others. This study aims to explore the relationships among organizational commitment (OC), knowledge sharing (KS) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in the Taiwanese semiconductor industry. On the basis of 428 subjects, the results show that KS has a partial mediating effect on the OC–OCB relationship.

This paper presents a model of influence of interactivity and engagement on hotel customers' purchase intention and word-of-mouth by simultaneously including trust as a mediator, analyses the direct and indirect effects among these constructs and examines the moderated mediation effect of brand loyalty. In the proposed model, purchase intention and word-of-mouth are indirectly affected by interactivity and engagement respectively in the hospitality industry, via the mediation of trust. Besides, the indirect effect of interactivity on purchase intention and engagement on word-of-mouth through trust will be stronger with higher brand loyalty than for those with lower brand loyalty. Empirical testing using a survey of 408 Taiwan consumers in hospitality and tourism confirms our hypothesised effects. Finally, managerial implications and limitations of our findings are discussed.

A series of Ag(I) complexes with one- and two-dimensional structures have been successfully prepared by the reactions of 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole, L, with Ag(I) salts, and these complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The complexes {[Ag(L)2][PF6]}∞ (1), {[Ag2(L)4][SO4]·2H2O}∞ (2), {[Ag4(L)7][ClO4]4}∞ (3) and [Ag(L)(NO3)]∞ (4) show 1-D polymeric infinite chains. The complex [Ag2(L)3(BF4)2]∞ (5) shows a 3-D supramolecular structure, which can be regarded as 2-D pleated rectangular grids of [Ag2(L)3(BF4)2]∞ and [Ag2(L)3(BF4)2]2 clusters. The resulting structural types of complexes 1–5 are affected by factors such as the counteranion. All the complexes exhibit emissions which may be tentatively assigned as intraligand (IL) π → π∗ transitions.

A new uranyl silicate, K2Ca4[(UO2)(Si2O7)2], with a 1D chain structure has been synthesized from a solution of mixed alkali- and alkaline-earth-metal cations under hydrothermal conditions at 550 °C and 1400 bar and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and photoluminescence spectroscopy. It crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1̅ (No. 2) with a = 6.6354(2) Å, b = 6.6791(2) Å, c = 9.6987(3) Å, α = 98.324(2)°, β = 93.624(2)°, γ = 112.310(2)°, and Z = 1. Its crystal structure consists of a 1D chain of uranyl disilicate formed of corner-sharing UO6 tetragonal bipyramids and Si2O7 double groups. The adjacent chains are separated by K(+) and Ca(2+) cations. It is the first example of uranyl silicate with a 1D chain structure.

A salt-inclusion mixed-valence uranium(V,VI) silicate, [Na9F2][(U(V)O2)(U(VI)O2)2(Si2O7)2], was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions at 585 °C and 160 MPa and structurally characterized by powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). The valence states of uranium were established by U 4f X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The structure contains two-dimensional (2D) sheets of uranyl disilicate with the composition [UO2Si2O7], which are connected by U(1)(V)O6 tetragonal bipyramids to form thick layers. The Na(+) cations are located at sites in the intralayer and interlayer regions. In addition to Na(+) cations, the interlayer region also contains F(-) anions such that infinite chains with the formula FNa1/1Na4/2 are formed. The same type of chain was observed in K2SnO3. The title compound is not only the first example of salt-inclusion metal silicate synthesized under high-temperature, high-pressure hydrothermal conditions, as well as the first salt-inclusion mixed-valence uranium silicate, but it is also the first mixed-valence uranium(V,VI) silicate in the literature. Crystal data: [Na9F2][(U(V)O2)(U(VI)O2)2(Si2O7)2], triclinic, P1 (No. 2), a = 5.789(1) A, b = 7.423(2) A, c = 12.092(2) A, α = 90.75(3)°, β = 96.09(3)°, γ = 90.90(3)°, V = 516.5(2) A(3), Z = 1, R1 = 0.0241, and wR2 = 0.0612.

The search for new and efficient nonlinear optical (NLO) materials has been an active research because of their technological importance in laser applications. Although a large number of frequency-doubling oxides, phosphates, borates, and fluoride-containing borates were found, no transition-metal silicate with useful NLO properties has been reported. We have now synthesized and grown crystals of two new titanosilicates, Li2K4[(TiO)Si4O12] and Li2Rb4[(TiO)Si4O12], by using a flux and supercritical hydrothermal method. Their unique 3D framework structures contain highly compressed TiO5 square pyramids which are arranged one over the other to form infinite ···Ti-O···Ti-O straight chains with alternating short and long Ti-O distances. These two materials meet the requirements for efficient second harmonic generation including lack of center of inversion symmetry, large susceptibility, phase matching, transmitting at wavelengths of interest, resistant to laser damage, and thermally stable. These attributes make them very attractive for frequency-doubling materials.

The new mixed alkali metal uranyl silicates (V), (VII), and (VIII) are characterized by single crystal XRD.

The new title compound is hydrothermally synthesized from a mixture of Ca(OH)2, UO3, SiO2, KOH, and H2O in a molar ratio of K:Ca:U:Si = 75:1:1:4 (gold ampule, 1400 bar, 550 °C, 4 d; 45% yield).

Key Clinical Message The ingestion of a foreign body is a common occurrence. Psychiatric patients and prisoners may swallow objects on purpose. Occasionally emergent exploratory laparotomy may be indicated if the diagnosis is uncertain, and emergent removal of the foreign body may be needed to prevent substantial risk of serious complications including perforation, fistula, or gastrointestinal bleeding.

The synthesis, mesomorphic behavior, and optical properties of two new series of metal complexes 1a,b–M (M=Pd, Cu, Zn) derived from benzoxazoles 2a,b are reported. The crystal and molecular structures of mesogenic 5-decyloxy-2-(6-decyloxybenzooxazol-2-yl)phenol and nonmesogenic bis[5-octyloxy-2-(6-octyloxybenzooxazol-2-yl) phenol]Pd(II) were determined by means of X-ray structural analysis. Two benzoxazoles 2a exhibited monotropic SmA phases, and all benzoxazoles 2b were nonmesogenic. On the other hand, metal complexes 1a–M exhibited distinctly different mesomorphism from complexes 1b–M. Complexes 1a–Pd formed SmC phases; complexes 1a–Cu and 1a–Zn formed crystal phases. In contrast, complexes 1b–Zn exhibited columnar phases, and complexes 1b–Cu and 1b–Pd were nonmesogenic. The difference of the mesomorphism in 1a–M and 1b–M was probably attributed to the geometry and/or the overall molecular shape created by 2a and 2b. The electronic configuration of metal ion might play an important role in forming the mesophases. The fluorescent properties of these compounds were also examined.

Since 1990, market orientation (MO) has received considerable attention in the marketing literature. Little research so far provides preliminary and useful information to facilitate good understanding of MO. This study presents a comprehensive survey of extant marketing literature using keyword classification from 1995 to 2008. It serves as a tutorial and aims to help the beginner researcher or practitioner to have access to MO, including its definitions, applications and problem domains. Based on the scope of 514 MO articles, we find that the number of publications on MO has significantly increased since 2001 with steady growth in recent years. In addition, these selected articles are scattered across 153 journals and mostly published in 10 academic journals. The contribution of our paper is to provide a means (i.e., keyword index) to conceptualize and operationalize the coverage of MO. It provides a conceptual framework to organize this vast body of research. This study ends with some discussions and conclusions.

Facing such a fast-changing environment, an organization should be more market-driven and learning-oriented. It is believed that a learning organization (LO) is apt to develop and maintain its own competitiveness rather than that without learning ability. Even though many studies have been addressing the importance of LO and the plausible relationship with competitiveness, the incoming impacts of knowledge have force them to focus attentions on knowledge-intensive industry (KII). Managing change is the high priority for continuing education institutes (CEIs), one of KII in Taiwan, coping simultaneously with diversified market needs and limited resources. Prior literatures, however, concerned with strategy-performance relationship have been oversimplified the contextual effects. Therefore, this study decides to develop a conceptual framework with an adaptation of Prajogo and Sohal's model to describe the missing linkage in context of environment-strategy-performance (ESP). To serve as benchmarking, we further introduce an integrated model named 'the Learning Organization Pyramid' (LOP) for facilitating a good understanding of LO and CE system. This study finally concludes that a LO would be the best solution for KII to bridge the gap in terms of system planning.

Undoubtedly, Facebook has become a rapidly emerging social media during recent decades. It has not only successfully expanded the traditional 'consumer-brand' relationship from the physical channels to the virtual ones, but also shaped complete interaction/communication model between corporate brand and consumers by aggressively build up its brand community. Though Starbucks has already been a well-known brand in Taiwan, few of social media studies has concerned with the influence of friendship and trust on fan's brand loyalty. In view of this, this study based on 340 valid fan samples from Starbuck's fan pages used structural equation modelling (SEM) to validate the research hypotheses. The empirical findings showed that friendship and trust both impact fans' brand loyalty to Starbucks while friendship also influenced trust. Besides, the moderated effect of consumer personality partially existed in our research model.

A business can strengthen its competitive advantage and increase its market share by forming a strategic alliance. With the help of alliances, businesses can bring to bear significant resources beyond the capabilities of the individual co-operating firms. Thus how to effectively evaluate and select alliance partners is an important task for businesses because a successful corporation partner selection can therefore reduce the possible risk and avoid failure results on business alliance. This paper proposes the Apriori algorithm as a methodology of association rules for data mining, which is implemented for mining marketing map knowledge from customers. Knowledge extraction from marketing maps is illustrated as knowledge patterns and rules in order to propose suggestions for business alliances and possible co-operation solutions. Finally, this study suggests that integration of different research factors, variables, theories, and methods for investigating this research topic of business alliance could improve research results and scope.

Brevipolides are 5,6-dihydro-γ-pyrone derivatives, first reported in 2004 as the inhibitors of the chemokine receptor CCR5 and exhibiting cytotoxicity against cancer cells. Starting from the C2 symmetric diene-diol 2, ent-brevipolide H was synthesized for the first time in 11 steps. The anti-addition of the sulfur ylide to the α,β-unsaturated enones was developed to give the key cyclopropane moiety. The synthetic (−)-brevipolide H showed an IC50 value of 7.7 μM against PC-3 cells.

Two polymorphs of an organic–inorganic hybrid compound, Fe(2,2′-bpy)(HPO4)(H2PO4) (1 and 2) (2,2′-bpy=2,2′-bipyridine), have been synthesized by hydrothermal methods and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and magnetic susceptibility. Crystal data are as follows: Polymorph 1, monoclinic, space group P21/n (No. 14), a=10.904(2) A, b=6.423(1) A, c=19.314(3) A, β=101.161(3)°, and Z = 4 ; Polymorph 2, monoclinic, space group P21/c (No. 14), a=11.014(1) A, b=15.872(2) A, c=8.444(1) A, β=109.085(3)°, and Z = 4 . Polymorph 1 adopts a chain structure in which each iron atom is coordinated by two nitrogen atoms from 2,2′-bpy ligand and four phosphate oxygen atoms. These infinite chains are extended into a 3-D supramolecular array via π–π stacking interactions of the lateral 2,2′-bpy ligands. The structure of polymorph 2 consists of the same building units, namely FeO4N2 octahedron, HPO4 and H2PO4 tetrahedra, and 2,2′-bpy ligand, which are linked through their vertices forming an undulated sheetlike structure with 4,12 network. Adjacent layers are extended into a 3-D array via π–π stacking interactions of the aromatic groups. Magnetic susceptibility measurement results confirm that the iron atoms in both compounds are present in the +3 oxidation state.

The product mix decision problem for semiconductor manufacturing has been extensively studied in literature. However, most of them are based on a high-yield scenario. Yet, in a low-yield manufacturing environment, some research claims that scrap low-yield lots in an early stage may produce more profit. Considering the early scrapping characteristics, this paper aims to solve the product mix decision problem for a mixed-yield scenario, which involves the simultaneous production of high-yield and low-yield products. A nonlinear mathematical program is developed to model the decision problem. Two methods for solving the nonlinear program are proposed. Method 1 converts the nonlinear program into a linear program by setting some variables as parameters. The method provides an optimal solution by exhaustively searching these parameterized variables and solving the LP models iteratively. Method 2 aims to reduce the computation complexity while providing a near optimal solution. Experiment results show that method 2 is better than method 1, when aggregately considering solution quality and computation efforts.

Brevipolides are 5,6-dihydro-γ-pyrone derivatives, first reported in 2004 as the inhibitors of the chemokine receptor CCR5 and exhibiting cytotoxicity against cancer cells. Starting from the C2 symmetric diene-diol 2, ent-brevipolide H was synthesized for the first time in 11 steps. The anti-addition of the sulfur ylide to the α,β-unsaturated enones was developed to give the key cyclopropane moiety. The synthetic (−)-brevipolide H showed an IC50 value of 7.7 μM against PC-3 cells.

The new uranyl arsenates (III), (V), (VI), (VIII), and (X) are characterized by single crystal XRD and photoluminescence spectroscopy.

Two new organic–inorganic hybrid compounds, [Ga(phen)(H1.5PO4)2]·H2O (1) and [Ga(phen)(HPO4)(H2PO4)]·1.5H2O (2) (phen=1,10-phenanthroline), have been synthesized by hydrothermal methods and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Their structures consist of 1-D chains of strictly alternating GaO4N2 octahedra and phosphate tetrahedra. The phen ligands in both compounds bind in a bidentate fashion to the gallium atoms and the 1-D structures extend into 3-D supramolecular arrays via π–π stacking interactions of phen ligands and hydrogen bonds. 2H MAS NMR spectroscopy was applied to study the deuterated sample of 1 which contains very short hydrogen bonds with an O⋯O distance of 2.406(2) A. Crystal data for 1: monoclinic, space group C2/c (No. 15), a=11.077(1) A, b=21.496(2) A, c=7.9989(7) A, β=127.211(2)°, and Z=4. The crystal symmetry is the same for 2 as for 1 except a=27.555(2) A, b=6.3501(5) A, c=21.327(2) A, β=122.498(1)°, and Z=8.

Two fluorinated metal phosphates, M 2 F 2 (2,2′-bpy)(HPO 4 ) 2 (H 2 O) ( M =Fe, Ga), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and magnetic susceptibility. The two compounds are isostructural and crystallize in the triclinic space group p 1 , a=7.6595(8) A, b=10.101(1) A, c=11.260(1) A, α =107.555(2)°, β =105.174(2)°, γ =98.975(2)°, V=775.1(2) A 3 and Z =2 for the Fe compound, and a=7.5816(6) A, b=9.9943(7) A, c=11.1742(8) A, α =107.333(1)°, β =105.014(1)°, γ =99.261(1)° and V=754.2(2) A 3 for the Ga compound. They are the first fluorinated metal phosphates which incorporate 2,2′-bipyridine ligands. The structure consists of edge-sharing octahedral dimers with the composition Fe 2 F 4 (H 2 O) 2 O 4 and discrete FeN 2 O 4 octahedra, which are linked into two-dimensional sheets through corner-sharing phosphate tetrahedra. The 2,2′-bpy ligands bind in a bidentate fashion to the metal atoms and project into interlamellar region. The layers are extended into a three-dimensional supramolecular array via π – π stacking interactions of the 2,2′-bpy ligands. Magnetic susceptibility of the iron compound confirms the presence of Fe III .

Five new uranyl arsenates, Na14[(UO2)5(AsO4)8]·2H2O (1), K6[(UO2)5O5(AsO4)2] (2a), K4[(UO2)3O2(AsO4)2] (2b), Rb4[(UO2)3O2(AsO4)2] (3), and Cs6[(UO2)5O2(AsO4)4] (4), were synthesized by high-temperature, high-pressure hydrothermal reactions at about 560 °C and 1440 bar and were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Crystal data for compound 1: triclinic, P1, a = 7.0005(3) A, b = 12.1324(4) A, c = 13.7428(5) A, α = 64.175(2)°, β = 89.092(2)°, γ = 85.548(2)°, V = 1047.26(7) A(3), Z = 1, R1 = 0.0185; compound 2a: monoclinic, P2₁/c, a = 6.8615(3) A, b = 24.702(1) A, c = 7.1269(3) A, β = 98.749(2)°, V = 1193.89(9) A(3), Z = 2, R1 = 0.0225; compound 2b: monoclinic, P2₁/c, a = 6.7852(3) A, b = 17.3640(8) A, c = 7.1151(3) A, β = 98.801(3)°, V = 828.42(6) A(3), Z = 2, R1 = 0.0269; compound 3: monoclinic, P2₁/m, a = 6.9783(3) A, b = 17.4513(8) A, c = 7.0867(3) A, β = 90.808(3)°, V = 862.94(7) A(3), Z = 2, R1 = 0.0269; compound 4: triclinic, P1, a = 7.7628(3) A, b = 9.3324(4) A, c = 11.9336(4) A, α = 75.611(2)°, β = 73.136(2)°, γ = 86.329(2)°, V = 801.37(5) A(3), Z = 1, R1 = 0.0336. The five compounds have layer structures consisting of uranyl square, pentagonal, and hexagonal bipyramids as well as AsO4 tetrahedra. Compound 1 contains chains of discrete uranyl square and pentagonal bipyramids, 2a contains three-polyhedron-wide ribbons of edge- and corner-sharing uranyl square and pentagonal bipyramids, 2b and 3 contain dimers of edge-shairing pentagonal bipyramids that share edges with hexagonal bipyramids to form chains, and 4 contains one-polyhedron-wide zigzag chains of edge-sharing uranyl polyhedra. The double sheet structure of 1 is new, but the chain topology has been observed in an organically templated uranyl sulfate. Compound 2b is a new geometrical isomer of the phosphuranylite group. The sheet anion topologies of 2a and 4 can be obtained by splitting the β-U3O8-type sheet into complex chains and connecting the chains by arsenates.

The isotypic compounds (III) and (V) are characterized by single crystal XRD, UV/VIS spectroscopy, and XPS.

Two new organically templated iron(II) phosphatooxalates, [( S )-C 5 H 14 N 2 ] [Fe 4 (C 2 O 4 ) 3 (HPO 4 ) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ] (1) and [( S )-C 5 H 14 N 2 ] [Fe 4 (C 2 O 4 ) 3 (HPO 4 ) 2 ] (2), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy. Crystal data are as follows: compound 1, triclinic, P 1 (No. 1), a =7.6999(4) A, b =7.9542(4) A, c =9.8262(5) A, α =74.8444(7)°, β =81.7716(8)°, γ =85.4075(8)°, V =574.34(8) A 3 , Z =1, and R 1=0.0255; compound 2, monoclinic, P 2 1 (No. 4), a =7.5943(8) A, b =7.8172(8) A, c =18.318(2) A, β =99.111(2)°, V =1073.8(3) A 3 , Z =2, and R 1=0.0281. The structure of 1 consists of dimers of edge-sharing FeO 6 octahedra that are linked by phosphate and oxalate groups to generate a three-dimensional framework with intersecting tunnels parallel to the [100] and [010] directions. Diprotonated ( S )-2-methylpiperazinium cations are located at the intersections of these tunnels. Compound 1 crystallizes as a minor product when a racemic mixture of 2-methylpiperazine is used in the synthesis, and can be prepared as a major product with a small amount of 2 if optically pure ( S )-2-methylpiperzine is used. The structure of 2 is similar to that of 1 except that the coordination around the iron centers in the dimer are square pyramidal and octahedral. The two compounds are the first 3-dimensional phosphatooxalates containing a chiral amine.