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Corn rust disease can be classified into four types: common corn rust, southern corn rust, tropical corn rust and stem corn rust. In this paper, 270 samples of corn rust gathered from Yunnan province were identified by observation of symptom and pathogen morphology, detection of specific molecular markers between Puccinia sorghi Schw and Puccinia polysora Unedrw. The results showed that 180 samples of corn rust collected form Qujing, Zhaotong, Kunming, Honghe (Mile, Kaiyuan and Jianshui) were common corn rust caused by Puccinia sorghi Schw; and 90 samples of corn rust collected form Wenshan and Honghe (Pinbian) were southern corn rust. Morphology and aspect ratio compared Puccinia sorghi Schw with Puccinia polysora Unedrw. The uredospores of Puccinia polysora Unedrw were oval and the aspect ratio of 81.6% of all uredospores from Puccinia polysora Unedrw was greater than 1.2. The uredospores of Puccinia sorghi Schw were nearly round, and their aspect ratio was 1.0-1.3. In addition, the population genetic structure of all corn rust samples was analyzed by ISSR molecular marker. Concerning Puccinia polysora Unedrw, the genetic diversity was larger in Wenshan than in Honghe. In Puccinia sorghi Schw, the population genetic diversity was larger in Zhaotong and the lowest in Kunming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the performance of the identification speed and the reliability in RFID system with large intensive tags, an improved tag anti-collision algorithm based on CSMA is proposed in this paper. The proposed model adopts the principle of the first arrival tag occupies channel and transmits packets in the next idle slot when the detected channel is idle, otherwise, adjusts the back-off time according to the collision times. Hence, the channel conflict caused by listening misjudgment is eased and propagation delay is reduced efficiently. Based on the Markov chain analysis, the simulation results show that the anti-collision algorithm proposed in this paper has higher recognition precision than the traditional algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of a series of educational reforms in China, transforming to applied colleges and universities has become a hot spot for the development of higher education. Under the background of college and university transformation, the optimization and promotion of the teaching quality of applied courses is the core and difficult point for the connotation construction of applied colleges and universities. Taking the teaching of steel structure course as an example, this paper comprehensively applies the case analysis method, literature analysis method and experiential summary method to determine the nature of the problem speculatively, and puts forward method and path selection for optimizing teaching effect of the course and improving the teaching quality from several aspects of precise course orientation, reconstruct teaching content, innovate teaching mode and strengthen security conditions. The method and path selection for optimization and promotion of the teaching quality of applied courses proposed in this paper have important practical and theoretical significance for improving the quality of talent training in applied colleges and universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presented a reference for design, analysis, and assessment of typical reinforced concrete (RC) piles subjected to a near-field non-contact explosion. In particular, the effects of radius on the dynamic response of the RC piles under such explosion conditions were investigated using the model tests. Furthermore, the damage and safety as well as the failure modes of such piles were analyzed using the numerical simulations. It was demonstrated that such explosions can cause a partial damage for the piles during the stage of shock waves, whereas for the stage of bubble actions, it can lead to a serious damage of the piles. For a certain distance, the failure of the piles was earlier than the bubble pulsation pressure caused at the end of the first pulsation cycle. Compared with the steel bar, the damage of concretes was more serious because the bonds between the steel bar and the concretes became more severe. Based on the experimental and numerical simulation results, a method to assess the damage of such piles under the explosion conditions was proposed, which could be applicable for the anti-explosion design and the safety and fault diagnosis of various industrial facilities and equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]