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As journal of the "Reichsarbeitsgemeinschaft für Raumforschung" (Reich Working Group for Space Research), "Raumforschung und Raumordnung" communicated political specifications and academic guidelines of National Socialist science policy from 1936 onwards. The magazine regularly presented projects and research that had been carried out in the newly founded "Working Groups for Spatial Research" at the universities and colleges of the German Reich. With its thematic priorities corresponding to the territorial expansion of the "Third Reich" and through a close orientation in its selection of articles to the requirements of the National Socialist conquest and occupation policy, the journal fulfilled a relevant instructional function, which had a repercussing impact on university research practice. This paper addresses the importance of the journal for the mobilization and self-mobilization of academic personnel as well as the role as a mouthpiece for racist, antisemitic, and culturally derogatory views, which were an important basis for the genocide of European Jews and the destruction of Central and Eastern Europe- and Eastern Europe during the Second World War. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines a study which investigated the requantization of transcoding video signals. Aims; Proposed mean squared error (MSE); Role of the maximum a posteriori (MAP).

Abstract: Mixed optical materials open new possibilities for the design and optimization of thin film properties. For example the refractive index may be tuned between the refractive indices of the pure materials. Low film stress of mixed optical materials can lead to high mechanical and optical capability. Therefore such materials are of great interest for optical applications, especially if the dielectric properties can be tailored during film deposition. A reactive pulsed magnetron deposition using two different pure metallic targets is proposed to alleviate the unfavorable performance of existing mixed optical film deposition methods. Co-sputtering of different materials in such a dual magnetron setup leads to separate hysteresis for each target. Each target is individually controlled using an optical emission spectroscopy system with separated optical fibers integrated in a closed-loop control. Embedded proportional-integral controllers modify a digital pulse pattern used for pulsed discharge power control to stabilize the emission intensity at the set point for pre-selected wavelengths. In this way the composition of the resulting films can be adjusted while the process is controlled in the high-rate transition mode. It was shown that the proposed deposition method is capable to provide continuous tuning of the refractive index of the mixed optical materials throughout the whole range defined by the single-material films. After discussing the process control system, deposition results of hafnium–aluminum–oxide and zirconium–aluminum–oxide films prepared with this technique are presented. Optical and mechanical film properties of the mixtures are compared to the properties of single homogeneous films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]