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The primary tumor side is emerging as a prognostic factor for patients with liver metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). In a combined analysis of data from 2 randomized studies, the addition of selective internal radiation therapy to first-line chemotherapy in patients with mCRC was associated with statistically and clinically significant overall survival gains for patients with a right-sided primary tumor. Background(s): The primary tumor side is emerging as a major prognostic factor for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). We examined the survival data from 2 randomized studies to determine whether the outcomes differ between patients with mCRC with right-sided primary (RSP) tumors and those with left-sided primary (LSP) tumors after selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) plus mFOLFOX6 (folinic acid [leucovorin], 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin) chemotherapy, versus chemotherapy alone. Patients and Methods: Separate and combined analyses were performed on the data from the SIRFLOX and FOXFIRE global trials, which compared chemotherapy plus SIRT with chemotherapy alone for patients with mCRC liver metastases. The primary tumor side data were prospectively collected. The principal outcome measure was overall survival (OS) stratified by treatment and primary tumor side. Result(s): In the combined analysis of all 739 patients enrolled, SIRT had no effect on OS (median OS, 24.3 vs. 24.6 months; hazard ratio [HR], 1.021; P =.810). For the 179 patients (24.2%) with a RSP tumor, OS was improved with the addition of SIRT (median, 22.0 vs. 17.1 months HR, 0.641; P =.008). The addition of SIRT was not associated with a significant difference in OS among the 540 patients with a LSP tumor (median, 24.6 vs. 26.6 months; HR, 1.120; P =.264). A test of treatment interaction by primary tumor side was statistically significant for RSP and SIRT (P =.002). Conclusion(s): The addition of SIRT for patients with RSP tumors, but not for those with LSP tumors, was associated

The ore at the Cayeli Bakir copper-zinc concentration plant in Turkey is highly variable, with feed grades ranging from 1-4% Cu and 1-10% Zn. Ore blending and stockpile management is very important for circuit performance, and four different blends are treated in the plant. A multidisciplinary study of process optimisation has been carried out, integrating geometallurgical and advanced control methods to achieve optimised plant performance. The results from comprehensive metallurgical tests and surveys were used to develop a mathematical model using the SGS Integrated Geometallurgical Simulator. The model was used to determine the most appropriate operational settings required to ensure that optimised grades and recoveries were achieved for each ore type. SGS's Modular Expert Technology expert system was then implemented to target these optimum operational ranges utilising online grade and froth velocity measurements. Increases of 1.71% were achieved in Cu recovery and 1% in Zn recovery, despite lower feed grades. A corrected recovery calculated to account for head grade and copper:zinc ratio differences gave overall recovery increases estimated at 0.91% for Cu and 3.5% for Zn. These operating targets can be achieved by the implementation of a more advanced control system., The ore at the Cayeli Bakir copper-zinc concentration plant in Turkey is highly variable, with feed grades ranging from 1-4% Cu and 1-10% Zn. Ore blending and stockpile management is very important for circuit performance, and four different blends are treated in the plant. A multidisciplinary study of process optimisation has been carried out, integrating geometallurgical and advanced control methods to achieve optimised plant performance. The results from comprehensive metallurgical tests and surveys were used to develop a mathematical model using the SGS Integrated Geometallurgical Simulator. The model was used to determine the most appropriate operational settings required to ensure that optimised grades and recoveries were achieved for each ore type. SGS's Modular Expert Technology expert system was then implemented to target these optimum operational ranges utilising online grade and froth velocity measurements. Increases of 1.71% were achieved in Cu recovery and 1% in Zn recovery, despite lower feed grades. A corrected recovery calculated to account for head grade and copper:zinc ratio differences gave overall recovery increases estimated at 0.91% for Cu and 3.5% for Zn. These operating targets can be achieved by the implementation of a more advanced control system.

A new control strategy has been successfully implemented at the Porgera gold SAG plant (Papua New Guinea) that combines the use of a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller with the optimisation capabilities of a fuzzy logic control scheme. This hybrid control strategy implements an advanced load stabiliser, which transforms the integrator process into a more manageable first order process, which can be steered stably against the process constraints. The hybrid strategy consists of integrated parts responsible for stabilising the mill load to a target, and driving the mill load target to the maximum determined by the process constraints (maximum power draw) to maximise efficiency and throughput. A significant improvement in mill load stability was achieved with a reduction of the standard deviation of 32.9% on SAG mill 1 and 26.1% on SAG mill 2. There was also a reduction of mill overload situations, giving additional 1.54% and 1.1% throughput increases on each of the SAG mills. The improved stability and control response allows the mill load to be maintained much closer to the high limit., A new control strategy has been successfully implemented at the Porgera gold SAG plant (Papua New Guinea) that combines the use of a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller with the optimisation capabilities of a fuzzy logic control scheme. This hybrid control strategy implements an advanced load stabiliser, which transforms the integrator process into a more manageable first order process, which can be steered stably against the process constraints. The hybrid strategy consists of integrated parts responsible for stabilising the mill load to a target, and driving the mill load target to the maximum determined by the process constraints (maximum power draw) to maximise efficiency and throughput. A significant improvement in mill load stability was achieved with a reduction of the standard deviation of 32.9% on SAG mill 1 and 26.1% on SAG mill 2. There was also a reduction of mill overload situations, giving additional 1.54% and 1.1% throughput increases on each of the SAG mills. The improved stability and control response allows the mill load to be maintained much closer to the high limit.

English: The common karee (Searsia lancea, Anacardiaceae) is a common, widely distributed tree in South Africa. Popular as a garden and street ornament, its fruit and foliage serve as a source of food for many animals and humans. It also has applications in the leather tanning industry and phytoremediation. Disease symptoms on S. lancea were reported that resemble malformations of the closely related mango (Mangifera indica, Anacardiaceae). This disease was named karee malformation disease (KMD). Formal investigation was conducted to determine whether malformation symptoms on the two separate genera of the Anacardiaceae family share a causal agent, namely Fusarium spp. A pilot study and review of literature identified other relevant aspects worthy of study including insect associations, and differences in phytohormone and nutrient concentrations between healthy and affected trees. It was determined that Fusarium spp., which cause malformation of M. indica, does not cause malformation of S. lancea. It is also unlikely that the dominant fungal group, Alternaria alternata, causes S. lancea malformations. However, this study identified interesting fungal and insect associations with healthy and malformed tissues of S. lancea. It is possible that the dominant insect group, namely Psyllidae, causes malformations of S. lancea directly, or indirectly by acting as a vector of another pathogen. Lower concentrations of the phytohormones gibberelic acid and jasmonic acid, and higher concentrations of salicylic acid were noted in malformed compared to healthy tissues of S. lancea. However, only the differences for salicylic acid were significant. Higher concentrations of the mineral nutrients nitrogen and potassium were noted for malformed tissues, while the phosphorus concentration was the same for both conditions of S. lancea., Afrikaans: Die rooi karee (Searsia lancea, Anacardiaceae) is ‘n algemene, wyd verspreide boom in Suid Afrika. Dit is gewild as ‘n tuin en straat versiering, en die vrugte en loof dien as voedselbron vir verskeie diere asook mense. Dit het ook toepassings in die leerlooiery industrie en plant-remediëring. Siekte simptome op S. lancea was aangemeld en lyk baie soos misvormings van die na verwante mango (Mangifera indica, Anacardiaceae). Die siekte is kareemisvorming (KMD) genoem. ‘n Formele ondersoek was geloots om vas te stel of misvorming simptome op hierdie verskillende genera van die Anacardiaceae familie ‘n gemene oorsaak deel, naamlik Fusarium spp. ‘n Proefsteek en resensie van literatuur het ander relevante aspekte identifiseer wat die moeite werd is om te ondersoek, insluitend insek assosiasies en verskille in plant hormoon- en voedingstof konsentrasies tussen gesonde en misvormde bome. Dit was bevind dat Fusarium spp., wat misvormings van M. indica veroorsaak, nie misvormings van S. lancea veroorsaak nie. Dit is ook onwaarskynlik dat die dominante swam groep, Alternaria alternata, misvormings van S. lancea veroorsaak. Nieteenstaande het hierdie studie interessante swam en insek assosiasies met gesonde en misvormde weefsel van S. lancea identifiseer. Dit is moontlik dat die dominate insek groep, naamlik Psyllidae, misvormings van S. lancea direk, of indirek as ‘n vektor van ‘n ander patogeen, kan veroorsaak. Laer konsentrasies van plant hormone gibberelliensuur en jasmoonsuur, en hoër konsentrasies van salisiensuur was opgemerk in misvormde weefsel in vergelyking met gesonde weefsel van S. lancea. Slegs die verskille in salisiensuur was egter beduidend. Hoër konsentrasies van mineraal voedingstowwe stikstof en kalium was opgemerk in misvormde weefsel, terwyl fosfaatkonsentrasies dieselfde was vir beide kondisies van S. lancea., Department of Science and Technology National Research Foundation (DST-NRF), Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology (CTHB), Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI, University of Pretoria)