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Banana is one of the crops listed under the multilateral system in Annex I FAO. The Province of Yogyakarta has a banana germplasm garden located in Giwangan, City of Yogyakarta. This banana germplasm is very diverse. Some collections were obtained through donations from abroad and exploration carried out in several places in Indonesia. One of them comes from Yogyakarta province which is not yet known for its morphological characteristics or other advantages. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of Yogyakarta's banana germplasm based on its morphological characteristics. Morphological characterization has been carried out since 2016 in the Giwangan banana germplasm garden. Characterization was carried out on 31 local banana accessions from Yogyakarta. Observations were made on 48 banana characters based on the banana descriptor guidelines from the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI). The results of color clustergram visualization analysis showed that based on the genotype, the diversity of Yogyakarta banana accession was grouped into 4 clusters, namely group 1 consisting of 12 banana accessions, group 2 consisting of 11 banana accessions, group 3 consisting of 5 banana accessions and group 4 consisting of 3 banana accessions. The main group determinant characteristics were the appearance of leaf's upper surface character, the presence of male flowers, the presence of hermaphrodite flower which have more dominant visualization colors than others. The color clustergram visualization will make the easiest and most effective character selection by using color contrast between groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is commonly known that agronomic traits and their impact on yields in Indonesian inbred rice correlate, but research has yet to be done in this area. Therefore, utilizing Indonesian inbred rice for irrigated (Inpari) and highland (Inpago) locations, a study was conducted to ascertain the link between agronomic features and their direct and indirect effects on grain yields. As research materials, six new superior inbred rice varieties (Inpari 7, Inpari 10, Inpari 11, Inpari 19, Inpago 5, and Inpago 8) as well as one well-known vintage variety, Ciherang, were used. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with three replications. The evaluation's results indicate that Inpari 19 had the highest grain production, reaching a maximum of 7.20 t/ha. Inpari 7, Inpari 10, Inpago 8, Inpari 11, Inpago 5, and Ciherang, on the other hand, had grain yields of 5.50 t/ha, 5.16 t/ha, 4.90 t/ha, 4.47 t/ha, and 4.64 t/ha, respectively. The correlation study showed a significant and positive relationship between the inbred rice grain yield and the agronomic parameters (number of whole grains, weight of 1000 seeds, and panicle length). The most significant direct influence was the proportion of whole grains per panicle. Additionally, it indirectly altered the length, weight, and quantity of panicles in a clump or panicle. Furthermore, the 1000 seeds' weight and panicle length indirectly affected the number of whole grains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jambi Province has a variety of local rice genetic resources due to the diversity of agroecosystems that must be conserved and managed optimally. This study aimed to determine the morphological, physical quality, and milling quality characteristics of eight Jambi local rice cultivars. Morphological identification and quality inspection were performed at the Sukamandi Experimental Field, Breeding, Germplasm and Seed Laboratory, and Rice Quality Laboratory of the Indonesian Center for Rice Research (ICRR). The results are compared to Indonesian National Standard (INS) for paddy No. 0224-987/SPI-TAN/01/01/1993 and milled rice INS No. 6128:2020. The result showed that based on morphological characteristics, there were three groups of Jambi local rice, namely Group I consist of Botol, Kotek and Dawi, Group II consists of Sepulo, Serendah Halus, and Serendah Layap, and Group III consists of Padi Super and Madu Dua. The results showed that, except for the rate of empty +dirty grain of Sepulo, all varieties met the third category standard of INS paddy. Serendah Layap has premium quality of head rice, broken rice, broken grain, and chalky grain according to the milled rice quality. At the same time, the Kotek variety does not meet the second category of INS milled rice. According to head rice percentage, Padi Botol, Dawi, dan Sepulo have the first medium class. Based on morphological, physical, and milling quality characteristics, the Serendah Layap cultivar can be used in the crossing formation of new varieties or released as new superior varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluation of the value competition and yield advantages of maize soybean intercropping in dry land is still limited. The study aimed to determine the competitive value and yield of maize soybean intercropping on dry land through the right combination of plant varieties. The study was conducted in Trengguno kidul, Sidorejo, Ponjong, Gunungkidul from March to August 2020. The study was randomized block design with 5 replication, 3 maize varieties (Srikandi Ungu, Pulut Uri 1, Nasa 29), and 2 soybeans varieties (Dega 1 and Biosoy 2), so there are 6 intercropping combinations, and monoculture planting as a comparison. Agronomic observations and data collection were carried out until harvest with the observation of Land Aquivalent Ratio, Competitive Ratio, Relative Crowding Coefficient, Aggressivity, and Actual Yield Loss. The results showed that intercropping of maize and soybeans in the dry land of Gunungkidul was very profitable. Maize is more aggressive and competitive than soybeans so that they contribute profits to the Land Equivalent Ratio, Competitive Ratio, Aggressivity, and Actual Yield Loss. The intercropping of Srikandi ungu and Biosoy 2 yielded the highest of total Land Equivalent Ratio and a total of Actual Yield Loss were 2.89 and 2.80 respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rejuvenation is one of the efforts in ex situ conservation to improve the viability and availability of seed collection. Morphological characterization is important in plant breeding. It can be used to classify genotypes to find out relationship between genotype which is used as reference material in selection. The Province of Yogyakarta has various genetic resources of local rice obtained through several years of exploration, but some have not been known for its potential superiority. Some of these local rice collections are currently limited in seed number, morphological, and other important characteristics data are still lacking. Therefore, rejuvenation and characterization are needed for providing breeding materials. This research aimed to rejuvenate and to evaluate the morphological characters of 15 Yogyakarta local rice. Rejuvenation and characterization of the varieties in vegetative and generative growth stages were carried out in 2019 at a screen house in Banyakan, Bantul Regency. The result showed that rejuvenation of 15 local rice produced 13 cultivars which yielded >100 g of seeds per cultivar. Based on quantitative character, 15 local rice could be grouped into three main groups. The first group consisted of 12 local rice, the second group consisted of 2 local rice, and the third group consisted of 1 local rice. The main determinant characters were days of maturity, plant height, number of grains per panicle, and grain weight. Based on the qualitative character, 15 local rice could be grouped into two groups. First group consisted of 12 local rice and the second group consisted of 3 local rice. The most determinant characters were grain color and flag-leaf attitude. Grouping local rice based on its morphological characters can be used as a reference in selection. In this case, the effectiveness of selection can be easily understood by using color clustergram visualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yogyakarta has an agro-ecological diversity consisting of volcanic plateau, karst material to coastal sand dune, mangrove area, low land area, and up-land area. Agro-ecological diversity will affect its genetic resources, one is food crops, especially rice. As the main staple food for Indonesian, rice has genetic diversity. It is possible that agro-ecological diversity could affect genetic resources of local rice. AIAT Yogyakarta is one of Technical Implementation Units under Indonesia Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) which is aware of genetic resources diversity, therefore exploration of local rice has been conducting since 2014 until now. Recently, agricultural started to shift to industrial 4.0 for decreasing zero hunger. In this level Agriculture research supported by major technological advance in genetic and information system. AIAT Yogyakarta is starting to develop germplasm management based on Agriculture 4.0. One of development of information system toward agriculture 4.0 can be done by using global information system through multilateral project of digital object identifier (DOI). To support DOI implementation, AIAT Yogyakarta had registered 55 local rice accessions through ICABIOGRAD registration system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]