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1. Investigating the stability of aromatic carboxylic acids in hydrated magnesium sulfate under UV irradiation to assist detection of organics on Mars

Author

Alberini, Andrew, Fornaro, Teresa, García-Florentino, Cristina, Biczysko, Malgorzata, Poblacion, Iratxe, Aramendia, Julene, Madariaga, Juan Manuel, Poggiali, Giovanni, Vicente-Retortillo, Álvaro, Benison, Kathleen C., Siljeström, Sandra, Biancalani, Sole, Lorenz, Christian, Cloutis, Edward A., Applin, Dan M., Gómez, Felipe, Steele, Andrew, Wiens, Roger C., Hand, Kevin P., and Brucato, John R.

Published
2024
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5. The SuperCam Infrared Spectrometer for the Perseverance Rover of the Mars2020 mission

Author

Fouchet, Thierry, Reess, Jean-Michel, Montmessin, Franck, Hassen-Khodja, Rafik, Nguyen-Tuong, Napoléon, Humeau, Olivier, Jacquinod, Sophie, Lapauw, Laurent, Parisot, Jérôme, Bonafous, Marion, Bernardi, Pernelle, Chapron, Frédéric, Jeanneau, Alexandre, Collin, Claude, Zeganadin, Didier, Nibert, Patricia, Abbaki, Sadok, Montaron, Christophe, Blanchard, Cyrille, Arslanyan, Vartan, Achelhi, Ourdya, Colon, Claudine, Royer, Clément, Hamm, Vincent, Bouzit, Mehdi, Poulet, François, Pilorget, Cédric, Mandon, Lucia, Forni, Olivier, Cousin, Agnès, Gasnault, Olivier, Pilleri, Paolo, Dubois, Bruno, Quantin, Cathy, Beck, Pierre, Beyssac, Olivier, Mouélic, Stéphane Le, Johnsson, Jeffrey R., McConnochie, Timothy H., Maurice, Sylvestre, and Wiens, Roger C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the Infrared spectrometer of SuperCam Instrument Suite that enables the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover to study remotely the Martian mineralogy within the Jezero crater. The SuperCam IR spectrometer is designed to acquire spectra in the 1.3-2.6 $\mu$m domain at a spectral resolution ranging from 5 to 20~nm. The field-of-view of 1.15 mrad, is coaligned with the boresights of the other remote-sensing techniques provided by SuperCam: laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, remote time-resolved Raman and luminescence spectroscopies, and visible reflectance spectroscopy, and micro-imaging. The IR spectra can be acquired from the robotic-arm workspace to long-distances, in order to explore the mineralogical diversity of the Jezero crater, guide the Perseverance Rover in its sampling task, and to document the samples' environment. We present the design, the performance, the radiometric calibration, and the anticipated operations at the surface of Mars., Comment: Accepted for publication in Icarus

Published
2021
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6. Diverse organic-mineral associations in Jezero crater, Mars

Author

Sharma, Sunanda, Roppel, Ryan D., Murphy, Ashley E., Beegle, Luther W., Bhartia, Rohit, Steele, Andrew, Hollis, Joseph Razzell, Siljeström, Sandra, McCubbin, Francis M., Asher, Sanford A., Abbey, William J., Allwood, Abigail C., Berger, Eve L., Bleefeld, Benjamin L., Burton, Aaron S., Bykov, Sergei V., Cardarelli, Emily L., Conrad, Pamela G., Corpolongo, Andrea, Czaja, Andrew D., DeFlores, Lauren P., Edgett, Kenneth, Farley, Kenneth A., Fornaro, Teresa, Fox, Allison C., Fries, Marc D., Harker, David, Hickman-Lewis, Keyron, Huggett, Joshua, Imbeah, Samara, Jakubek, Ryan S., Kah, Linda C., Lee, Carina, Liu, Yang, Magee, Angela, Minitti, Michelle, Moore, Kelsey R., Pascuzzo, Alyssa, Rodriguez Sanchez-Vahamonde, Carolina, Scheller, Eva L., Shkolyar, Svetlana, Stack, Kathryn M., Steadman, Kim, Tuite, Michael, Uckert, Kyle, Werynski, Alyssa, Wiens, Roger C., Williams, Amy J., Winchell, Katherine, Kennedy, Megan R., and Yanchilina, Anastasia

Published
2023
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7. Dark microbiome and extremely low organics in Atacama fossil delta unveil Mars life detection limits

Author

Azua-Bustos, Armando, Fairén, Alberto G., González-Silva, Carlos, Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, Carrizo, Daniel, Sánchez-García, Laura, Parro, Victor, Fernández-Martínez, Miguel Ángel, Escudero, Cristina, Muñoz-Iglesias, Victoria, Fernández-Sampedro, Maite, Molina, Antonio, Villadangos, Miriam García, Moreno-Paz, Mercedes, Wierzchos, Jacek, Ascaso, Carmen, Fornaro, Teresa, Brucato, John Robert, Poggiali, Giovanni, Manrique, Jose Antonio, Veneranda, Marco, López-Reyes, Guillermo, Sanz-Arranz, Aurelio, Rull, Fernando, Ollila, Ann M., Wiens, Roger C., Reyes-Newell, Adriana, Clegg, Samuel M., Millan, Maëva, Johnson, Sarah Stewart, McIntosh, Ophélie, Szopa, Cyril, Freissinet, Caroline, Sekine, Yasuhito, Fukushi, Keisuke, Morida, Koki, Inoue, Kosuke, Sakuma, Hiroshi, and Rampe, Elizabeth

Published
2023
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9. The sounds of a helicopter on Mars

Author

Lorenz, Ralph D., Maurice, Sylvestre, Chide, Baptiste, Mimoun, David, Stott, Alexander, Murdoch, Naomi, Giller, Martin, Jacob, Xavier, Wiens, Roger C., Montmessin, Franck, Grip, Håvard, Tzanetos, Theodore, Balaram, Bob, Williams, Nathan, Keennon, Matt, Langberg, Sara, Tyler, Jeremy, Bertrand, Tanguy, Brown, Adrian, Randazzo, Nicolas, and Pipenberg, Benjamin

Published
2023
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10. Retrieval of Water Vapor Column Abundance and Aerosol Properties from ChemCam Passive Sky Spectroscopy

Author

McConnochie, Timothy H., Smith, Michael D., Wolff, Michael J., Bender, Steve, Lemmon, Mark, Wiens, Roger C., Maurice, Sylvestre, Gasnault, Olivier, Lasue, Jeremie, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Harri, Ari-Matti, Genzer, Maria, Kemppinen, Osku, Martínez, Germán M., DeFlores, Lauren, Blaney, Diana, Johnson, Jeffrey R., and Bell III, James F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We derive water vapor column abundances and aerosol properties from Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) ChemCam passive mode observations of scattered sky light. Each ChemCam passive sky observation acquires spectra at two different elevation angles. We fit these spectra with a discrete-ordinates multiple scattering radiative transfer model, using the correlated-k approximation for gas absorption bands. The retrieval proceeds by first fitting the continuum of the ratio of the two elevation angles to solve for aerosol properties, and then fitting the continuum-removed ratio to solve for gas abundances. The final step of the retrieval makes use of the observed CO2 absorptions and the known CO2 abundance to correct the retrieved water vapor abundance for the effects of the vertical distribution of scattering aerosols and to derive an aerosol scale height parameter. The ChemCam-retrieved water abundances show, with only a few exceptions, the same seasonal behavior and the same timing of seasonal minima and maxima as the TES, CRISM, and REMS-H data sets that we compare them to. However ChemCam-retrieved water abundances are generally lower than zonal and regional scale from-orbit water vapor data, while at the same time being significantly larger than pre-dawn REMS-H abundances. Pending further analysis of REMS-H volume mixing ratio uncertainties, the differences between ChemCam and REMS-H pre-dawn mixing ratios appear to be much too large to be explained by large scale circulations and thus they tend to support the hypothesis of substantial diurnal interactions of water vapor with the surface. Our preliminary aerosol results, meanwhile, show the expected seasonal pattern in dust particle size but also indicate a surprising inter-annual increase in water-ice cloud opacities., Comment: 64 pages with embedded figures; this is the accepted version of the manuscript; the meta-data version of the abstract has been shorted to meet arXiv rules

Published
2017
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11. The SuperCam infrared spectrometer for the perseverance rover of the Mars2020 mission

Author

Fouchet, Thierry, Reess, Jean-Michel, Montmessin, Franck, Hassen-Khodja, Rafik, Nguyen-Tuong, Napoléon, Humeau, Olivier, Jacquinod, Sophie, Lapauw, Laurent, Parisot, Jérôme, Bonafous, Marion, Bernardi, Pernelle, Chapron, Frédéric, Jeanneau, Alexandre, Collin, Claude, Zeganadin, Didier, Nibert, Patricia, Abbaki, Sadok, Montaron, Christophe, Blanchard, Cyrille, Arslanyan, Vartan, Achelhi, Ourdya, Colon, Claudine, Royer, Clément, Hamm, Vincent, Beuzit, Mehdi, Poulet, François, Pilorget, Cédric, Mandon, Lucia, Forni, Olivier, Cousin, Agnès, Gasnault, Olivier, Pilleri, Paolo, Dubois, Bruno, Quantin, Cathy, Beck, Pierre, Beyssac, Olivier, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Johnsson, Jeffrey R., McConnochie, Timothy H., Maurice, Sylvestre, and Wiens, Roger C.

Published
2022
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12. Investigating the stability of aromatic carboxylic acids in hydrated magnesium sulfate under UV irradiation to assist detection of organics on Mars

Author

Alberini, Andrew, primary, Fornaro, Teresa, additional, Florentino, Cristina García, additional, Biczysko, Malgorzata, additional, Poblacion, Iratxe, additional, Aramendia, Julene, additional, Madariaga, Juan Manuel, additional, Poggiali, Giovanni, additional, Vicente-Retortillo, Álvaro, additional, Benison, Kathleen C., additional, Siljeström, Sandra, additional, Biancalani, Sole, additional, Lorenz, Christian, additional, Cloutis, Edward A., additional, Applin, Dan M., additional, Gómez, Felipe, additional, Steele, Andrew, additional, Wiens, Roger C., additional, Hand, Kevin P., additional, and Brucato, John R., additional

Published
2024
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13. Likely Ferromagnetic Minerals Identified by the Perseverance Rover and Implications for Future Paleomagnetic Analyses of Returned Martian Samples

Author

Mansbach, Elias N., primary, Mansbach, Elias N, additional, Kizovski, Tanya V, additional, Scheller, Eva L, additional, Bosak, Tanja, additional, Mandon, Lucia, additional, Horgan, Briony, additional, Wiens, Roger C, additional, Herd, Christopher D K, additional, Sharma, Sunanda, additional, Johnson, Jeffrey R, additional, Gabriel, Travis S J, additional, Forni, Olivier, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Schmidt, Mariek E, additional, and Weiss, Benjamin P, additional

Published
2024
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14. Branching Ratios in Vacuum Ultraviolet Photodissociation of CO and N2: Implications for Oxygen and Nitrogen Isotopic Compositions of the Solar Nebula

Author

Shi, Xiaoyu, Yin, Qing-Zhu, Gao, Hong, Chang, Yih-Chung, Jackson, William M, Wiens, Roger C, and Ng, Cheuk-Yiu

Subjects
Space Sciences, Physical Sciences, astrochemistry, ISM: molecules, meteorites, meteors, meteoroids, protoplanetary disks, solar wind, Sun: abundances, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

NASA's Genesis mission reveals that the rare isotope 15N is approximately seven times more enriched than the rare isotopes 17O and 18O in the terrestrial planets relative to the Sun. Here, we explain this peculiar observation under the framework of self-shielding and the difference in chemical reactivity between the excited O(1 D) [N(2 D)] and the ground O(3 P) [N(4 S)] states produced by VUV photodissociation of CO [N2]. After weighting the absorption cross-sections for individual photodissociation bands, and taking into account the mutual shielding by H2, the CO/N2 ratio, and the partition of O and N among gas:ice:dust phases in the solar nebula, we show that the trapping of N(2 D) via hydrogenation is favored over that of O(1 D). This provides a possible explanation of the Genesis results and supports the self-shielding model as the primary mechanism for generating isotopic anomalies of O and N in the early solar nebula.

Published
2017

16. Likely Ferromagnetic Minerals Identified by the Perseverance Rover and Implications for Future Paleomagnetic Analyses of Returned Martian Samples.

Author

Mansbach, Elias N., Kizovski, Tanya V., Scheller, Eva L., Bosak, Tanja, Mandon, Lucia, Horgan, Briony, Wiens, Roger C., Herd, Christopher D. K., Sharma, Sunanda, Johnson, Jeffrey R., Gabriel, Travis S. J., Forni, Olivier, Liu, Yang, Schmidt, Mariek E., and Weiss, Benjamin P.

Subjects
MARTIAN meteorites, OXIDE minerals, REMANENCE, TITANIUM oxides, FERRIC oxide, CHROMITE
Abstract

Although Mars today does not have a core dynamo, magnetizations in the Martian crust and in meteorites suggest a magnetic field was present prior to 3.7 billion years (Ga) ago. However, the lack of ancient, oriented Martian bedrock samples available on Earth has prevented accurate estimates of the dynamo's intensity, lifetime, and direction. Constraining the nature and lifetime of the dynamo are vital to understanding the evolution of the Martian interior and the potential habitability of the planet. The Perseverance rover, which is exploring Jezero crater, is providing an unprecedented opportunity to address this gap by acquiring absolutely oriented bedrock samples with estimated ages from ∼2.3 to >4.1 Ga. As a first step in establishing whether these samples could contain records of Martian paleomagnetism, it is important to determine their ferromagnetic mineralogy, the grain sizes of the phases, and the forms of any natural remanent magnetization. Here, we synthesize data from various Perseverance instruments to achieve those goals and discuss the implications for future laboratory paleomagnetic analyses. Using the rover's instrument payload, we find that cored samples likely contain iron oxides enriched in Cr and Ti. The relative proportions of Fe, Ti, and Cr indicate that the phases may be titanomagnetite or Fe‐Ti‐Cr spinels that are ferromagnetic at room temperature, but we cannot rule out the presence of non‐ferromagnetic ulvöspinel, ilmenite, and chromite due to signal mixing. Importantly, the inferred abundance of iron oxides in the samples suggests that even <1 mm‐sized samples will be easily measurable by present‐day magnetometers. Plain Language Summary: Mars today does not have a magnetic field, but laboratory studies of Martian meteorites and spacecraft observations of the Martian crust indicate that Mars's metallic core once generated a magnetic field, known as a core dynamo. Although the dynamo seems to have been active prior to ∼3.7 billion years ago, its strength, direction and lifetime are largely unknown. Determining these characteristics is important for understanding the evolution of the Martian core and to test the theory that the magnetic field played a key role in making ancient Mars habitable. The Perseverance rover is providing a unique opportunity to answer these questions by acquiring bedrock samples that may span the full lifetime of the field. However, to establish whether these samples could tell us about the ancient dynamo, it is important to show they contain minerals with a special property known as ferromagnetism that allows them to record and retain records of the ancient magnetic field. Here, we present evidence the samples contain iron oxide minerals, many of which are known to be ferromagnetic. As such, we expect that future laboratory studies of these samples following their return to Earth will provide powerful constraints on the history of Mars's magnetic field. Key Points: Iron oxides with titanium and chromium components are present in lithologies sampled by the Perseverance rover on MarsThese iron oxides may contain magnetizations from ancient Martian magnetic fieldsReturned samples of these lithologies will constrain the history and characteristics of the Martian dynamo [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Origin and composition of three heterolithic boulder- and cobble-bearing deposits overlying the Murray and Stimson formations, Gale Crater, Mars

Author

Wiens, Roger C., Edgett, Kenneth S., Stack, Kathryn M., Dietrich, William E., Bryk, Alexander B., Mangold, Nicolas, Bedford, Candice, Gasda, Patrick, Fairén, Alberto, Thompson, Lucy, Johnson, Jeff, Gasnault, Olivier, Clegg, Sam, Cousin, Agnes, Forni, Olivier, Frydenvang, Jens, Lanza, Nina, Maurice, Sylvestre, Newsom, Horton, Ollila, Ann, Payré, Valerie, Rivera-Hernandez, Frances, and Vasavada, Ashwin

Published
2020
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18. Quality index for Martian in-situ laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy data

Author

Chen, Zhaopeng, primary, Forni, Olivier, additional, Cousin, Agnès, additional, Pilleri, Paolo, additional, Gasnault, Olivier, additional, Maurice, Sylvestre, additional, Wiens, Roger C., additional, Zhang, Yizhong, additional, Luo, Yuxuan, additional, Ren, Xin, additional, Xu, Weiming, additional, Liu, Xiangfeng, additional, Shu, Rong, additional, and Li, Chunlai, additional

Published
2024
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19. Oriented Bedrock Samples Drilled by the Perseverance Rover on Mars

Author

Weiss, Benjamin P., primary, Mansbach, Elias N., additional, Carsten, Joseph L., additional, Kaplan, Kyle W., additional, Maki, Justin N., additional, Wiens, Roger C., additional, Bosak, Tanja, additional, Collins, Curtis L., additional, Fentress, Jennifer, additional, Feinberg, Joshua M., additional, Goreva, Yulia, additional, Kennedy Wu, Megan, additional, Estlin, Tara A., additional, Klein, Douglas E., additional, Kronyak, Rachel E., additional, Moeller, Robert C., additional, Peper, Nicholas, additional, Reyes‐Newell, Adriana, additional, Sephton, Mark A., additional, Shuster, David L., additional, Simon, Justin I., additional, Williford, Kenneth H., additional, Stack, Kathryn W., additional, and Farley, Kenneth A., additional

Published
2024
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20. Mineralogy, provenance, and diagenesis of a potassic basaltic sandstone on Mars: CheMin X-ray diffraction of the Windjana sample (Kimberley area, Gale Crater).

Author

Treiman, Allan H, Bish, David L, Vaniman, David T, Chipera, Steve J, Blake, David F, Ming, Doug W, Morris, Richard V, Bristow, Thomas F, Morrison, Shaunna M, Baker, Michael B, Rampe, Elizabeth B, Downs, Robert T, Filiberto, Justin, Glazner, Allen F, Gellert, Ralf, Thompson, Lucy M, Schmidt, Mariek E, Le Deit, Laetitia, Wiens, Roger C, McAdam, Amy C, Achilles, Cherie N, Edgett, Kenneth S, Farmer, Jack D, Fendrich, Kim V, Grotzinger, John P, Gupta, Sanjeev, Morookian, John Michael, Newcombe, Megan E, Rice, Melissa S, Spray, John G, Stolper, Edward M, Sumner, Dawn Y, Vasavada, Ashwin R, and Yen, Albert S

Subjects
CheMin, MSL, Mars, Windjana, X‐ray diffraction, sandstone, X-ray diffraction, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology
Abstract

The Windjana drill sample, a sandstone of the Dillinger member (Kimberley formation, Gale Crater, Mars), was analyzed by CheMin X-ray diffraction (XRD) in the MSL Curiosity rover. From Rietveld refinements of its XRD pattern, Windjana contains the following: sanidine (21% weight, ~Or95); augite (20%); magnetite (12%); pigeonite; olivine; plagioclase; amorphous and smectitic material (~25%); and percent levels of others including ilmenite, fluorapatite, and bassanite. From mass balance on the Alpha Proton X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) chemical analysis, the amorphous material is Fe rich with nearly no other cations-like ferrihydrite. The Windjana sample shows little alteration and was likely cemented by its magnetite and ferrihydrite. From ChemCam Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectrometer (LIBS) chemical analyses, Windjana is representative of the Dillinger and Mount Remarkable members of the Kimberley formation. LIBS data suggest that the Kimberley sediments include at least three chemical components. The most K-rich targets have 5.6% K2O, ~1.8 times that of Windjana, implying a sediment component with >40% sanidine, e.g., a trachyte. A second component is rich in mafic minerals, with little feldspar (like a shergottite). A third component is richer in plagioclase and in Na2O, and is likely to be basaltic. The K-rich sediment component is consistent with APXS and ChemCam observations of K-rich rocks elsewhere in Gale Crater. The source of this sediment component was likely volcanic. The presence of sediment from many igneous sources, in concert with Curiosity's identifications of other igneous materials (e.g., mugearite), implies that the northern rim of Gale Crater exposes a diverse igneous complex, at least as diverse as that found in similar-age terranes on Earth.

Published
2016

21. Characterizing Hydrated Sulfates and Altered Phases in Jezero Crater Fan and Floor Geologic Units With SHERLOC on Mars 2020

Author

Phua, Yu Yu, Ehlmann, Bethany L., Siljeström, Sandra, Czaja, Andrew D., Beck, Pierre, Connell, Stephanie, Wiens, Roger C., Jakubek, Ryan S., Williams, Rebecca M. E., Zorzano, Maria-Paz, Minitti, Michelle E., Pascuzzo, Alyssa C., Hand, Kevin P., Bhartia, Rohit, Kah, Linda C., Mandon, Lucia, Razzell Hollis, Joseph, Scheller, Eva L., Sharma, Sunanda, Steele, Andrew, Uckert, Kyle, Williford, Kenneth H., Yanchilina, Anastasia G., Phua, Yu Yu, Ehlmann, Bethany L., Siljeström, Sandra, Czaja, Andrew D., Beck, Pierre, Connell, Stephanie, Wiens, Roger C., Jakubek, Ryan S., Williams, Rebecca M. E., Zorzano, Maria-Paz, Minitti, Michelle E., Pascuzzo, Alyssa C., Hand, Kevin P., Bhartia, Rohit, Kah, Linda C., Mandon, Lucia, Razzell Hollis, Joseph, Scheller, Eva L., Sharma, Sunanda, Steele, Andrew, Uckert, Kyle, Williford, Kenneth H., and Yanchilina, Anastasia G.

Abstract

The Mars 2020 Perseverance rover has explored fluvio-lacustrine sedimentary rocks within Jezero crater. Prior work showed that igneous crater floor Séítah and Máaz formations have mafic mineralogy with alteration phases that indicate multiple episodes of aqueous alteration. In this work, we extend the analyses of hydration to targets in the Jezero western fan delta, using data from the SHERLOC (Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman and Luminescence for Organics and Chemicals) Raman spectrometer. Spectral features, for example, sulfate and hydration peak positions and shapes, vary within, and across the crater floor and western fan. The proportion of targets with hydration associated with sulfates was approximately equal in the crater floor and the western fan. All hydrated targets in the crater floor and upper fan showed bimodal hydration peaks at ∼3,200 and ∼3,400 cm−1. The sulfate symmetric stretch at ∼1,000 cm−1 coupled with a hydration peak at ∼3,400 cm−1 indicate that MgSO4·nH2O (2 < n ≤ 5) is a likely hydration carrier phase in all units, perhaps paired with low-hydration (n ≤ 1) amorphous Mg-sulfates, indicated by the ∼3,200 cm−1 peak. Low-hydration MgSO4·nH2O (n = 1–2) are more prevalent in the fan, and hydrated targets in the fan front only had one peak at ∼3,400 cm−1. While anhydrite co-occurs with hydrated Mg-sulfates in the crater floor and fan front, hydrated Ca-sulfates are observed instead at the top of the upper fan. Collectively, the data imply aqueous deposition of sediments with formation of salts from high ionic strength fluids and subsequent aridity to preserve the observed hydration states., We thank the SHERLOC and Mars 2020 science and engineering teams for the data that enabled this study. This research was supported by funds to the SHERLOC instrument team and the NASA Mars 2020 mission. Y.P. and B.L.E. were supported by a Mars-2020 SHERLOC Co-Investigator grant to B.L.E. S.Si. acknowledges funding from the Swedish National Space Agency (contract 2021-00092 and 137/19). A.D.C. was supported by the Mars 2020 Returned Sample Science Participating Scientist Program (NASA award number 80NSSC20K0237). Support for R.C.W. and S.C. was provided by a SHERLOC Co-Investigator grant to R.C.W. and by NASA contract NNH13ZDA018O. Funding for R.S.J. was provided as an Advanced Curation project run by the NASA Astromaterials Acquisition and Curation Office, Johnson Space Center under the Jacobs, JETSII contract. MPZ was supported by Grant PID2022-140180OB-C21 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE. Research efforts carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology by K.H., S.Sh., K.U. were funded under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NM0018D0004). L.M. was supported by a Texaco Postdoctoral prize fellowship awarded by the division of Geological and Planetary Sciences of Caltech.

Published
2024
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25. An acoustic investigation of the near-surface turbulence on Mars

Author

Chide, Baptiste, primary, Blanc-Benon, Philippe, additional, Bertrand, Tanguy, additional, Jacob, Xavier, additional, Lasue, Jérémie, additional, Lorenz, Ralph D., additional, Montmessin, Franck, additional, Murdoch, Naomi, additional, Pla-Garcia, Jorge, additional, Seel, Fabian, additional, Schröder, Susanne, additional, Stott, Alexander E., additional, de la Torre Juarez, Manuel, additional, and Wiens, Roger C., additional

Published
2024
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27. Contributors

Author

Abe, Masanao, primary, Aléon, Jérôme, additional, Aléon-Toppani, Alice, additional, Bennett, Allan, additional, Berthoud, Lucy, additional, Borg, Janet, additional, Bridges, John C., additional, Brownlee, Donald E., additional, Brunetto, Rosario, additional, Burnett, Don, additional, Brucato, John Robert, additional, Corte, Vincenzo Della, additional, Debaille, Vinciane, additional, Dirri, Fabrizio, additional, Djouadi, Zahia, additional, Enos, Heather L., additional, Ferrière, Ludovic, additional, Folco, Luigi, additional, Foucher, Frédéric, additional, Franchi, Ian A., additional, Fujiwara, Akira, additional, Gounelle, Matthieu, additional, Grady, Monica M., additional, Holt, John, additional, Hutzler, Aurore, additional, Jerde, Eric A., additional, Jurewicz, Amy, additional, Kawaguchi, Junichiro, additional, Lauretta, Dante S., additional, Leuko, Stefano, additional, Longobardo, Andrea, additional, Lunine, Jonathan I., additional, Marrocchi, Yves, additional, Meneghin, Andrea, additional, Palomba, Ernesto, additional, Polit, Anjani T., additional, Pottage, Thomas, additional, Qian, Yuqi, additional, Reisenfeld, Dan, additional, Rettberg, Petra, additional, Roper, Heather L., additional, Rotundi, Alessandra, additional, Russell, Sara S., additional, Sandford, Scott A., additional, Smith, Caroline L., additional, Slyuta, Evgeny, additional, Tachibana, Shogo, additional, Tasker, Elizabeth J., additional, Tsuchiyama, Akira, additional, Vrublevskis, John, additional, Wang, Qian, additional, Wang, Qiong, additional, Westall, Frances, additional, Wiens, Roger C., additional, Wolner, Catherine W.V., additional, Xiao, Long, additional, Yoshikawa, Makoto, additional, Zipfel, Jutta, additional, and Zolensky, Michael E., additional

Published
2021
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28. Architecture of fluvial and deltaic deposits exposed along the eastern edge of Jezero crater western fan

Author

Mangold, Nicolas, primary, Caravaca, Gwénaël, additional, Gupta, Sanjeev, additional, Williams, Rebecca, additional, Dromart, Gilles, additional, Gasnault, Olivier, additional, Mouelic, Stephane Le, additional, Paar, Gerhard, additional, III, James F. Bell, additional, Beyssac, Olivier, additional, Carlot, Noémie, additional, Cousin, Agnès, additional, Dehouck, Erwin, additional, Horgan, Briony Heather Noelle, additional, Kah, Linda C, additional, Lasue, Jérémie, additional, Maurice, Sylvestre, additional, Núñez, Jorge I., additional, Shuster, David, additional, Morgan, Kathryn Stack, additional, Weiss, Benjamin P, additional, and Wiens, Roger C., additional

Published
2023
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29. Properties of the Nili Fossae Olivine-rich lithology: orbital and in situ at Séítah

Author

Brown, Adrian Jon, primary, Kah, Linda C, additional, Mandon, Lucia, additional, Wiens, Roger C., additional, Pinet, Patrick C., additional, Clavé, Elise, additional, Mouelic, Stephane Le, additional, Udry, Arya, additional, Gasda, Patrick J, additional, Royer, Clément, additional, Hickman-Lewis, Keyron, additional, Cousin, Agnès, additional, Simon, Justin I., additional, Comellas, Jade, additional, Cloutis, Edward, additional, Fouchet, Thierry, additional, Fairen, Alberto, additional, Connell, Stephanie, additional, Flannery, David Timothy, additional, Horgan, Briony Heather Noelle, additional, Mayhew, Lisa, additional, Treiman, Allan H., additional, Núñez, Jorge I., additional, Wogsland, Brittan Valhalla, additional, Benzerara, Karim, additional, Amundsen, Hans E. F., additional, Hand, Kevin Peter, additional, Debaille, Vinciane, additional, Essunfeld, Ari, additional, Beck, Pierre, additional, Tosca, Nicholas James, additional, Madariaga, Juan Manuel, additional, and Forni, Olivier, additional

Published
2023
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30. Perseverance’s Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman and Luminescence for Organics and Chemicals (SHERLOC) Investigation

Author

Bhartia, Rohit, Beegle, Luther W., DeFlores, Lauren, Abbey, William, Razzell Hollis, Joseph, Uckert, Kyle, Monacelli, Brian, Edgett, Kenneth S., Kennedy, Megan R., Sylvia, Margarite, Aldrich, David, Anderson, Mark, Asher, Sanford A., Bailey, Zachary, Boyd, Kerry, Burton, Aaron S., Caffrey, Michael, Calaway, Michael J., Calvet, Robert, Cameron, Bruce, Caplinger, Michael A., Carrier, Brandi L., Chen, Nataly, Chen, Amy, Clark, Matthew J., Clegg, Samuel, Conrad, Pamela G., Cooper, Moogega, Davis, Kristine N., Ehlmann, Bethany, Facto, Linda, Fries, Marc D., Garrison, Dan H., Gasway, Denine, Ghaemi, F. Tony, Graff, Trevor G., Hand, Kevin P., Harris, Cathleen, Hein, Jeffrey D., Heinz, Nicholas, Herzog, Harrison, Hochberg, Eric, Houck, Andrew, Hug, William F., Jensen, Elsa H., Kah, Linda C., Kennedy, John, Krylo, Robert, Lam, Johnathan, Lindeman, Mark, McGlown, Justin, Michel, John, Miller, Ed, Mills, Zachary, Minitti, Michelle E., Mok, Fai, Moore, James, Nealson, Kenneth H., Nelson, Anthony, Newell, Raymond, Nixon, Brian E., Nordman, Daniel A., Nuding, Danielle, Orellana, Sonny, Pauken, Michael, Peterson, Glen, Pollock, Randy, Quinn, Heather, Quinto, Claire, Ravine, Michael A., Reid, Ray D., Riendeau, Joe, Ross, Amy J., Sackos, Joshua, Schaffner, Jacob A., Schwochert, Mark, O Shelton, Molly, Simon, Rufus, Smith, Caroline L., Sobron, Pablo, Steadman, Kimberly, Steele, Andrew, Thiessen, Dave, Tran, Vinh D., Tsai, Tony, Tuite, Michael, Tung, Eric, Wehbe, Rami, Weinberg, Rachel, Weiner, Ryan H., Wiens, Roger C., Williford, Kenneth, Wollonciej, Chris, Wu, Yen-Hung, Yingst, R. Aileen, and Zan, Jason

Published
2021
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32. Branching ratio measurements for vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation of 12C16O.

Author

Gao, Hong, Song, Yu, Chang, Yih-Chung, Shi, Xiaoyu, Yin, Qing-Zhu, Wiens, Roger C, Jackson, William M, and Ng, CY

Subjects
Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
Abstract

The branching ratios for the spin-forbidden photodissociation channels of (12)C(16)O in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photon energy region from 102,500 (12.709 eV) to 106,300 cm(-1) (13.180 eV) have been investigated using the VUV laser time-slice velocity-map imaging photoion technique. The excitations to three (1)Σ(+) and six (1)Π Rydberg-type states, including the progression of W(3sσ) (1)Π(v' = 0, 1, and 2) vibrational levels of CO, have been identified and investigated. The branching ratios for the product channels C((3)P) + O((3)P), C((1)D) + O((3)P), and C((3)P) + O((1)D) of these predissociative states are found to depend on the electronic, vibrational, and rotational states of CO being excited. Rotation and e/f-symmetry dependences of the branching ratios into the spin-forbidden channels have been confirmed for several of the (1)Π states, which can be explained using the heterogeneous interaction with the repulsive D'(1)Σ(+) state. The percentage of the photodissociation into the spin-forbidden channels is found to increase with increasing the rotational quantum number for the K(4pσ) (1)Σ(+) (v' = 0) state. This has been rationalized using a (1)Σ(+) to (1)Π to (3)Π coupling scheme, where the final (3)Π state is a repulsive valence state correlating to the spin-forbidden channel.

Published
2013

33. The SuperCam Instrument Suite on the NASA Mars 2020 Rover: Body Unit and Combined System Tests

Author

Wiens, Roger C., Maurice, Sylvestre, Robinson, Scott H., Nelson, Anthony E., Cais, Philippe, Bernardi, Pernelle, Newell, Raymond T., Clegg, Sam, Sharma, Shiv K., Storms, Steven, Deming, Jonathan, Beckman, Darrel, Ollila, Ann M., Gasnault, Olivier, Anderson, Ryan B., André, Yves, Michael Angel, S., Arana, Gorka, Auden, Elizabeth, Beck, Pierre, Becker, Joseph, Benzerara, Karim, Bernard, Sylvain, Beyssac, Olivier, Borges, Louis, Bousquet, Bruno, Boyd, Kerry, Caffrey, Michael, Carlson, Jeffrey, Castro, Kepa, Celis, Jorden, Chide, Baptiste, Clark, Kevin, Cloutis, Edward, Cordoba, Elizabeth C., Cousin, Agnes, Dale, Magdalena, Deflores, Lauren, Delapp, Dorothea, Deleuze, Muriel, Dirmyer, Matthew, Donny, Christophe, Dromart, Gilles, George Duran, M., Egan, Miles, Ervin, Joan, Fabre, Cecile, Fau, Amaury, Fischer, Woodward, Forni, Olivier, Fouchet, Thierry, Fresquez, Reuben, Frydenvang, Jens, Gasway, Denine, Gontijo, Ivair, Grotzinger, John, Jacob, Xavier, Jacquinod, Sophie, Johnson, Jeffrey R., Klisiewicz, Roberta A., Lake, James, Lanza, Nina, Laserna, Javier, Lasue, Jeremie, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Legett, IV, Carey, Leveille, Richard, Lewin, Eric, Lopez-Reyes, Guillermo, Lorenz, Ralph, Lorigny, Eric, Love, Steven P., Lucero, Briana, Madariaga, Juan Manuel, Madsen, Morten, Madsen, Soren, Mangold, Nicolas, Manrique, Jose Antonio, Martinez, J. P., Martinez-Frias, Jesus, McCabe, Kevin P., McConnochie, Timothy H., McGlown, Justin M., McLennan, Scott M., Melikechi, Noureddine, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Michel, John M., Mimoun, David, Misra, Anupam, Montagnac, Gilles, Montmessin, Franck, Mousset, Valerie, Murdoch, Naomi, Newsom, Horton, Ott, Logan A., Ousnamer, Zachary R., Pares, Laurent, Parot, Yann, Pawluczyk, Rafal, Glen Peterson, C., Pilleri, Paolo, Pinet, Patrick, Pont, Gabriel, Poulet, Francois, Provost, Cheryl, Quertier, Benjamin, Quinn, Heather, Rapin, William, Reess, Jean-Michel, Regan, Amy H., Reyes-Newell, Adriana L., Romano, Philip J., Royer, Clement, Rull, Fernando, Sandoval, Benigno, Sarrao, Joseph H., Sautter, Violaine, Schoppers, Marcel J., Schröder, Susanne, Seitz, Daniel, Shepherd, Terra, Sobron, Pablo, Dubois, Bruno, Sridhar, Vishnu, Toplis, Michael J., Torre-Fdez, Imanol, Trettel, Ian A., Underwood, Mark, Valdez, Andres, Valdez, Jacob, Venhaus, Dawn, and Willis, Peter

Published
2021
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35. Mineralogy, Morphology, and Emplacement History of the Maaz Formation on the Jezero Crater Floor From Orbital and Rover Observations

Author

Horgan, Briony, primary, Udry, Arya, additional, Rice, Melissa, additional, Alwmark, Sanna, additional, Amundsen, Hans E. F., additional, Bell, James F., additional, Crumpler, Larry, additional, Garczynski, Brad, additional, Johnson, Jeff, additional, Kinch, Kjartan, additional, Mandon, Lucia, additional, Merusi, Marco, additional, Million, Chase, additional, Núñez, Jorge I., additional, Russell, Patrick, additional, Simon, Justin I., additional, St. Clair, Michael, additional, Stack, Kathryn M., additional, Vaughan, Alicia, additional, Wogsland, Brittan, additional, Annex, Andrew, additional, Bechtold, Andreas, additional, Berger, Tor, additional, Beyssac, Olivier, additional, Brown, Adrian, additional, Cloutis, Ed, additional, Cohen, Barbara A., additional, Fagents, Sarah, additional, Kah, Linda, additional, Farley, Ken, additional, Flannery, David, additional, Gupta, Sanjeev, additional, Hamran, Svein‐Erik, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Paar, Gerhard, additional, Quantin‐Nataf, Cathy, additional, Randazzo, Nicolas, additional, Ravanis, Eleni, additional, Sholes, Steven, additional, Shuster, David, additional, Sun, Vivian, additional, Tate, Christian, additional, Tosca, Nick, additional, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, additional, and Wiens, Roger C., additional

Published
2023
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36. Measurements of sound propagation in Mars' lower atmosphere

Author

Chide, Baptiste, primary, Jacob, Xavier, additional, Petculescu, Andi, additional, Lorenz, Ralph D., additional, Maurice, Sylvestre, additional, Seel, Fabian, additional, Schröder, Susanne, additional, Wiens, Roger C., additional, Gillier, Martin, additional, Murdoch, Naomi, additional, Lanza, Nina L., additional, Bertrand, Tanguy, additional, Leighton, Timothy G., additional, Joseph, Phillip, additional, Pilleri, Paolo, additional, Mimoun, David, additional, Stott, Alexander, additional, de la Torre Juarez, Manuel, additional, Hueso, Ricardo, additional, Munguira, Asier, additional, Sánchez-Lavega, Agustin, additional, Martinez, German, additional, Larmat, Carène, additional, Lasue, Jérémie, additional, Newman, Claire, additional, Pla-Garcia, Jorge, additional, Bernardi, Pernelle, additional, Harri, Ari-Matti, additional, Genzer, Maria, additional, and Lepinette, Alain, additional

Published
2023
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37. Centimeter to decimeter hollow concretions and voids in Gale Crater sediments, Mars

Author

Wiens, Roger C., Rubin, David M., Goetz, Walter, Fairén, Alberto G., Schwenzer, Susanne P., Johnson, Jeffrey R., Milliken, Ralph, Clark, Ben, Mangold, Nicolas, Stack, Kathryn M., Oehler, Dorothy, Rowland, Scott, Chan, Marjorie, Vaniman, David, Maurice, Sylvestre, Gasnault, Olivier, Rapin, William, Schroeder, Susanne, Clegg, Sam, Forni, Olivier, Blaney, Diana, Cousin, Agnes, Payré, Valerie, Fabre, Cecile, Nachon, Marion, Le Mouelic, Stephane, Sautter, Violaine, Johnstone, Stephen, Calef, Fred, Vasavada, Ashwin R., and Grotzinger, John P.

Published
2017
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39. Mars 2020 Mission Overview

Author

Farley, Kenneth A., Williford, Kenneth H., Stack, Kathryn M., Bhartia, Rohit, Chen, Al, de la Torre, Manuel, Hand, Kevin, Goreva, Yulia, Herd, Christopher D. K., Hueso, Ricardo, Liu, Yang, Maki, Justin N., Martinez, German, Moeller, Robert C., Nelessen, Adam, Newman, Claire E., Nunes, Daniel, Ponce, Adrian, Spanovich, Nicole, Willis, Peter A., Beegle, Luther W., Bell, III, James F., Brown, Adrian J., Hamran, Svein-Erik, Hurowitz, Joel A., Maurice, Sylvestre, Paige, David A., Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose A., Schulte, Mitch, and Wiens, Roger C.

Published
2020
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40. Contributors

Author

Afgan, Muhammad Sher, primary, Ayyalasomayajula, K.K., additional, Berberoglu, Halil, additional, Bhatt, Chet R., additional, Bilge, Gonca, additional, Bol'shakov, Alexander A., additional, Boyaci, Ismail Hakkı, additional, Busser, B., additional, Campanella, Beatrice, additional, Diaz, Daniel, additional, Diwakar, P.K., additional, Eseller, Kemal Efe, additional, Fabre, C., additional, Gautam, Ghaneshwar, additional, Gonzalez, J.J., additional, Gottfried, Jennifer L., additional, Goueguel, Christian L., additional, Gundawar, Manoj Kumar, additional, Hahn, David W., additional, Harilal, S.S., additional, Hark, Richard R., additional, Harmon, Russell S., additional, Helstern, Christopher M., additional, Hou, Zongyu, additional, Jain, Jinesh C., additional, Kumar, Rohit, additional, Lasue, Jeremie, additional, Legnaioli, Stefano, additional, Mao, X.L., additional, Maurice, Sylvestre, additional, Maurya, Gulab Singh, additional, McIntyre, Dustin L., additional, Miloshevsky, G., additional, Moncayo, S., additional, Motto-Ros, V., additional, Noll, Reinhard, additional, Pagnotta, Stefano, additional, Palleschi, Vincenzo, additional, Panne, Ulrich, additional, Parigger, Christian G., additional, Pati, Jayanta Kumar, additional, Poggialini, Francesco, additional, Rai, Abhishek Kumar, additional, Rai, Awadhesh Kumar, additional, Rai, Pradeep Kumar, additional, Rai, V.N., additional, Russo, Richard E., additional, Sanghapi, Herve K., additional, Senesi, Giorgio S., additional, Sezer, Banu, additional, Sheta, Sahar, additional, Singh, Jagdish P., additional, Singh, Rajesh Kumar, additional, Surmick, David M., additional, Thakur, Surya N., additional, Tiwari, Pravin Kumar, additional, Tripathi, Markandey M., additional, Wan, Xiong, additional, Wang, Zhe, additional, Wiens, Roger C., additional, Yao, Shunchun, additional, Yoo, J., additional, Yueh, Fang Y., additional, and Zhang, Lei, additional

Published
2020
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43. A Brief Introduction to SHERLOC

Author

Zan, Jason, Yingst, R. Aileen, Wu, Yen-Hung, Wollonciej, Chris, Williford, Kenneth, Wiens, Roger C, Weiner, Ryan H, Weinberg, Rachel, Wehbe, Rami, Tung, Eric, Tuite, Michael, Tsai, Tony, Tran, Vinh D, Thiessen, Dave, Steele, Andrew, Steadman, Kimberly, Sobron, Pablo, Smith, Caroline L, Simon, Rufus, Shelton, Molly O, Schwochert, Mark, Schaffner, Jacob A, Sackos, Joshua, Ross, Amy J, Riendeau, Joe, Reid, Ray, Ravine, Michael A, Quinto, Claire, Quinn, Heather, Pollock, Randy, Peterson, Glen, Pauken, Michael, Orellana, Sonny, Nuding, Danielle, Nordman, Daniel A, Nixon, Brian E, Newell, Raymond, Nelson, Anthony, Nealson, Kenneth H, Moore, James, Mok, Fai, Minitti, Michelle E, Mills, Zachary, Miller, Ed, Michel, John, McGlown, Justin, Lindeman, Mark, Lam, Johnathan, Krylo, Robert, Kennedy, John, Kah, Linda C, Jensen, Elsa H, Hug, William, Houck, Andrew, Hochberg, Eric, Herzog, Harrison, Heinz, Nicholas, Hein, Jeffrey D, Harris, Cathleen, Hand, Kevin H, Graff, Trevor G, Ghaemi, F. Tony, Gasway, Denine, Garrison, Dan H, Fries, Marc D, Facto, Linda, Ehlmann, Bethany, Davis, Kristine N, Cooper, Moogega, Conrad, Pamela G, Clegg, Samuel, Clark, Matthew J, Chen, Amy, Chen, Nataly, Caplinger, Michael A, Cameron, Bruce, Calvet, Robert, Calaway, Michael J, Caffrey, Michael, Burton, Aaron S, Boyd, Kerry, Bailey, Zachary, Asher, Sanford A, Anderson, Mark, Aldrich, David, Sylvia, Margarite, Kennedy, Megan R, Edgett, Kenneth S, Monacelli, Brian, Uckert, Kyle, Hollis, Joseph Razzell, Abbey, William, DeFlores, Lauren, Bhartia, Rohit, and Beegle, L.W

Published
2020

44. A Brief Introduction to SHERLOC

Author

Beegle, L.W, Bhartia, Rohit, DeFlores, Lauren, Abbey, William, Hollis, Joseph Razzell, Uckert, Kyle, Monacelli, Brian, Edgett, Kenneth S, Kennedy, Megan R, Sylvia, Margarite, Aldrich, David, Anderson, Mark, Asher, Sanford A, Bailey, Zachary, Boyd, Kerry, Burton, Aaron S, Caffrey, Michael, Calaway, Michael J, Calvet, Robert, Cameron, Bruce, Caplinger, Michael A, Chen, Nataly, Chen, Amy, Clark, Matthew J, Clegg, Samuel, Conrad, Pamela G, Cooper, Moogega, Davis, Kristine N, Ehlmann, Bethany, Facto, Linda, Fries, Marc D, Garrison, Dan H, Gasway, Denine, Ghaemi, F. Tony, Graff, Trevor G, Hand, Kevin H, Harris, Cathleen, Hein, Jeffrey D, Heinz, Nicholas, Herzog, Harrison, Hochberg, Eric, Houck, Andrew, Hug, William, Jensen, Elsa H, Kah, Linda C, Kennedy, John, Krylo, Robert, Lam, Johnathan, Lindeman, Mark, McGlown, Justin, Michel, John, Miller, Ed, Mills, Zachary, Minitti, Michelle E, Mok, Fai, Moore, James, Nealson, Kenneth H, Nelson, Anthony, Newell, Raymond, Nixon, Brian E, Nordman, Daniel A, Nuding, Danielle, Orellana, Sonny, Pauken, Michael, Peterson, Glen, Pollock, Randy, Quinn, Heather, Quinto, Claire, Ravine, Michael A, Reid, Ray, Riendeau, Joe, Ross, Amy J, Sackos, Joshua, Schaffner, Jacob A, Schwochert, Mark, Shelton, Molly O, Simon, Rufus, Smith, Caroline L, Sobron, Pablo, Steadman, Kimberly, Steele, Andrew, Thiessen, Dave, Tran, Vinh D, Tsai, Tony, Tuite, Michael, Tung, Eric, Wehbe, Rami, Weinberg, Rachel, Weiner, Ryan H, Wiens, Roger C, Williford, Kenneth, Wollonciej, Chris, Wu, Yen-Hung, Yingst, R. Aileen, and Zan, Jason

Published
2020

45. Overview and Results from the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover’s First Science Campaign on the Jezero Crater Floor

Author

Sun, Vivian Z., primary, Hand, Kevin P., additional, Stack, Kathryn M., additional, Farley, Ken A., additional, Simon, Justin I., additional, Newman, Claire, additional, Sharma, Sunanda, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Wiens, Roger C., additional, Williams, Amy J., additional, Tosca, Nicholas, additional, Alwmark, Sanna, additional, Beyssac, Olivier, additional, Brown, Adrian, additional, Calef, Fred, additional, Cardarelli, Emily L., additional, Clavé, Elise, additional, Cohen, Barbara, additional, Corpolongo, Andrea, additional, Czaja, Andrew D., additional, Del Sesto, Tyler, additional, Fairen, Alberto, additional, Fornaro, Teresa, additional, Fouchet, Thierry, additional, Garczynski, Brad, additional, Gupta, Sanjeev, additional, Herd, Chris D. K., additional, Hickman‐Lewis, Keyron, additional, Horgan, Briony, additional, Johnson, Jeffrey, additional, Kinch, Kjartan, additional, Kizovski, Tanya, additional, Kronyak, Rachel, additional, Lange, Robert, additional, Mandon, Lucia, additional, Milkovich, Sarah, additional, Moeller, Robert, additional, Núñez, Jorge, additional, Paar, Gerhard, additional, Pyrzak, Guy, additional, Quantin‐Nataf, Cathy, additional, Shuster, David L., additional, Siljestrom, Sandra, additional, Steele, Andrew, additional, Tice, Michael, additional, Toupet, Olivier, additional, Udry, Arya, additional, Vaughan, Alicia, additional, and Wogsland, Brittan, additional

Published
2023
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46. Wind and turbulence observations with the Mars microphone on Perseverance

Author

Stott, Alexander E., primary, Murdoch, Naomi, additional, Gillier, Martin, additional, Banfield, Don, additional, Bertrand, Tanguy, additional, Chide, Baptiste, additional, De la Torre Juarez, Manuel, additional, Hueso, Ricardo, additional, Lorenz, Ralph, additional, Martinez, German, additional, Munguira, Asier, additional, Sotomayor, Luis Mora, additional, Navarro, Sara, additional, Newman, Claire, additional, Pilleri, Paolo, additional, Pla‐Garcia, Jorge, additional, Rodriguez‐Manfredi, Jose Antonio, additional, Sanchez‐Lavega, Agustin, additional, Smith, Michael, additional, Moreiras, Daniel Viudez, additional, Williams, Nathan, additional, Maurice, Sylvestre, additional, Wiens, Roger C., additional, and Mimoun, David, additional

Published
2023
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47. Overview and Results From the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover's First Science Campaign on the Jezero Crater Floor

Author

Sun, Vivian Z., Hand, Kevin P., Stack, Kathryn M., Farley, Ken A., Simon, Justin I., Newman, Claire, Sharma, Sunanda, Liu, Yang, Wiens, Roger C., Williams, Amy J., Tosca, Nicholas, Alwmark, Sanna, Beyssac, Olivier, Brown, Adrian, Calef, Fred, Cardarelli, Emily L., Clavé, Elise, Cohen, Barbara, Corpolongo, Andrea, Czaja, Andrew D., Del Sesto, Tyler, Fairen, Alberto, Fornaro, Teresa, Fouchet, Thierry, Garczynski, Brad, Gupta, Sanjeev, Herd, Chris D.K., Hickman-Lewis, Keyron, Horgan, Briony, Johnson, Jeffrey, Kinch, Kjartan, Kizovski, Tanya, Kronyak, Rachel, Lange, Robert, Mandon, Lucia, Milkovich, Sarah, Moeller, Robert, Núñez, Jorge, Paar, Gerhard, Pyrzak, Guy, Quantin-Nataf, Cathy, Shuster, David L., Siljestrom, Sandra, Steele, Andrew, Tice, Michael, Toupet, Olivier, Udry, Arya, Vaughan, Alicia, Wogsland, Brittan, Sun, Vivian Z., Hand, Kevin P., Stack, Kathryn M., Farley, Ken A., Simon, Justin I., Newman, Claire, Sharma, Sunanda, Liu, Yang, Wiens, Roger C., Williams, Amy J., Tosca, Nicholas, Alwmark, Sanna, Beyssac, Olivier, Brown, Adrian, Calef, Fred, Cardarelli, Emily L., Clavé, Elise, Cohen, Barbara, Corpolongo, Andrea, Czaja, Andrew D., Del Sesto, Tyler, Fairen, Alberto, Fornaro, Teresa, Fouchet, Thierry, Garczynski, Brad, Gupta, Sanjeev, Herd, Chris D.K., Hickman-Lewis, Keyron, Horgan, Briony, Johnson, Jeffrey, Kinch, Kjartan, Kizovski, Tanya, Kronyak, Rachel, Lange, Robert, Mandon, Lucia, Milkovich, Sarah, Moeller, Robert, Núñez, Jorge, Paar, Gerhard, Pyrzak, Guy, Quantin-Nataf, Cathy, Shuster, David L., Siljestrom, Sandra, Steele, Andrew, Tice, Michael, Toupet, Olivier, Udry, Arya, Vaughan, Alicia, and Wogsland, Brittan

Abstract

The Mars 2020 Perseverance rover landed in Jezero crater on 18 February 2021. After a 100-sol period of commissioning and the Ingenuity Helicopter technology demonstration, Perseverance began its first science campaign to explore the enigmatic Jezero crater floor, whose igneous or sedimentary origins have been much debated in the scientific community. This paper describes the campaign plan developed to explore the crater floor's Máaz and Séítah formations and summarizes the results of the campaign between sols 100–379. By the end of the campaign, Perseverance had traversed more than 5 km, created seven abrasion patches, and sealed nine samples and a witness tube. Analysis of remote and proximity science observations show that the Máaz and Séítah formations are igneous in origin and composed of five and two geologic members, respectively. The Séítah formation represents the olivine-rich cumulate formed from differentiation of a slowly cooling melt or magma body, and the Máaz formation likely represents a separate series of lava flows emplaced after Séítah. The Máaz and Séítah rocks also preserve evidence of multiple episodes of aqueous alteration in secondary minerals like carbonate, Fe/Mg phyllosilicates, sulfates, and perchlorate, and surficial coatings. Post-emplacement processes tilted the rocks near the Máaz-Séítah contact and substantial erosion modified the crater floor rocks to their present-day expressions. Results from this crater floor campaign, including those obtained upon return of the collected samples, will help to build the geologic history of events that occurred in Jezero crater and provide time constraints on the formation of the Jezero delta., The Mars 2020 Perseverance rover landed in Jezero crater on 18 February 2021. After a 100-sol period of commissioning and the Ingenuity Helicopter technology demonstration, Perseverance began its first science campaign to explore the enigmatic Jezero crater floor, whose igneous or sedimentary origins have been much debated in the scientific community. This paper describes the campaign plan developed to explore the crater floor's Máaz and Séítah formations and summarizes the results of the campaign between sols 100–379. By the end of the campaign, Perseverance had traversed more than 5 km, created seven abrasion patches, and sealed nine samples and a witness tube. Analysis of remote and proximity science observations show that the Máaz and Séítah formations are igneous in origin and composed of five and two geologic members, respectively. The Séítah formation represents the olivine-rich cumulate formed from differentiation of a slowly cooling melt or magma body, and the Máaz formation likely represents a separate series of lava flows emplaced after Séítah. The Máaz and Séítah rocks also preserve evidence of multiple episodes of aqueous alteration in secondary minerals like carbonate, Fe/Mg phyllosilicates, sulfates, and perchlorate, and surficial coatings. Post-emplacement processes tilted the rocks near the Máaz-Séítah contact and substantial erosion modified the crater floor rocks to their present-day expressions. Results from this crater floor campaign, including those obtained upon return of the collected samples, will help to build the geologic history of events that occurred in Jezero crater and provide time constraints on the formation of the Jezero delta.

Published
2023

48. Mineralogy, morphology, and emplacement history of the Maaz formation on the Jezero crater floor from orbital and rover observations

Author

Horgan, Briony, Udry, Arya, Rice, Melissa, Alwmark, Sanna, Amundsen, Hans E. F., Bell, James F., Crumpler, Larry, Garczynski, Brad, Johnson, Jeff, Kinch, Kjartan, Mandon, Lucia, Merusi, Marco, Million, Chase, Núñez, Jorge I., Russell, Patrick, Simon, Justin I., St. Clair, Michael, Stack, Kathryn M., Vaughan, Alicia, Wogsland, Brittan, Annex, Andrew, Bechtold, Andreas, Berger, Tor, Beyssac, Olivier, Brown, Adrian, Cloutis, Ed, Cohen, Barbara A., Fagents, Sarah, Kah, Linda, Farley, Ken, Flannery, David, Gupta, Sanjeev, Hamran, Svein‐erik, Liu, Yang, Paar, Gerhard, Quantin‐nataf, Cathy, Randazzo, Nicolas, Ravanis, Eleni, Sholes, Steven, Shuster, David, Sun, Vivian, Tate, Christian, Tosca, Nick, Wadhwa, Mini, Wiens, Roger C., Horgan, Briony, Udry, Arya, Rice, Melissa, Alwmark, Sanna, Amundsen, Hans E. F., Bell, James F., Crumpler, Larry, Garczynski, Brad, Johnson, Jeff, Kinch, Kjartan, Mandon, Lucia, Merusi, Marco, Million, Chase, Núñez, Jorge I., Russell, Patrick, Simon, Justin I., St. Clair, Michael, Stack, Kathryn M., Vaughan, Alicia, Wogsland, Brittan, Annex, Andrew, Bechtold, Andreas, Berger, Tor, Beyssac, Olivier, Brown, Adrian, Cloutis, Ed, Cohen, Barbara A., Fagents, Sarah, Kah, Linda, Farley, Ken, Flannery, David, Gupta, Sanjeev, Hamran, Svein‐erik, Liu, Yang, Paar, Gerhard, Quantin‐nataf, Cathy, Randazzo, Nicolas, Ravanis, Eleni, Sholes, Steven, Shuster, David, Sun, Vivian, Tate, Christian, Tosca, Nick, Wadhwa, Mini, and Wiens, Roger C.

Abstract

The first samples collected by the Perseverance rover on the Mars 2020 mission were from the Maaz formation, a lava plain that covers most of the floor of Jezero crater. Laboratory analysis of these samples back on Earth would provide important constraints on the petrologic history, aqueous processes, and timing of key events in Jezero crater. However, interpreting these samples requires a detailed understanding of the emplacement and modification history of the Maaz formation. Here we synthesize rover and orbital remote sensing data to link outcrop-scale interpretations to the broader history of the crater, including Mastcam-Z mosaics and multispectral images, SuperCam chemistry and reflectance point spectra, RIMFAX ground penetrating radar, and orbital hyperspectral reflectance and high-resolution images. We show that the Maaz formation is composed of a series of distinct members corresponding to basaltic to basaltic-andesite lava flows. The members exhibit variable spectral signatures dominated by high-Ca pyroxene, Fe-bearing feldspar, and hematite, which can be tied directly to igneous grains and altered matrix in abrasion patches. Spectral variations correlate with morphological variations, from recessive layers that produce a regolith lag in lower Maaz, to weathered polygonally fractured paleosurfaces and crater-retaining massive blocky hummocks in upper Maaz. The Maaz members were likely separated by one or more extended periods of time, and were subjected to variable erosion, burial, exhumation, weathering, and tectonic modification. The two unique samples from the Maaz formation are representative of this diversity, and together will provide an important geochronological framework for the history of Jezero crater.

Published
2023

49. Regolith of the Crater Floor Units, Jezero Crater, Mars:Textures, Composition, and Implications for Provenance

Author

Vaughan, Alicia, Minitti, Michelle E., Cardarelli, Emily L., Johnson, Jeffrey R., Kah, Linda C. C., Pilleri, Paolo, Rice, Melissa S., Sephton, Mark, Horgan, Briony H. N., Wiens, Roger C., Yingst, R. Aileen, Zorzano Mier, Maria-Paz, Anderson, Ryan, Bell, James F., Brown, Adrian J., Cloutis, Edward A., Cousin, Agnes, Herkenhoff, Kenneth E., Hausrath, Elisabeth M., Hayes, Alexander G., Kinch, Kjartan, Merusi, Marco, Million, Chase C., Sullivan, Robert, Siljestrom, Sandra M., St Clair, Michael, Vaughan, Alicia, Minitti, Michelle E., Cardarelli, Emily L., Johnson, Jeffrey R., Kah, Linda C. C., Pilleri, Paolo, Rice, Melissa S., Sephton, Mark, Horgan, Briony H. N., Wiens, Roger C., Yingst, R. Aileen, Zorzano Mier, Maria-Paz, Anderson, Ryan, Bell, James F., Brown, Adrian J., Cloutis, Edward A., Cousin, Agnes, Herkenhoff, Kenneth E., Hausrath, Elisabeth M., Hayes, Alexander G., Kinch, Kjartan, Merusi, Marco, Million, Chase C., Sullivan, Robert, Siljestrom, Sandra M., and St Clair, Michael

Abstract

A multi-instrument study of the regolith of Jezero crater floor units by the Perseverance rover has identified three types of regolith: fine-grained, coarse-grained, and mixed-type. Mastcam-Z, Wide Angle Topographic Sensor for Operations and eNgineering, and SuperCam Remote Micro Imager were used to characterize the regolith texture, particle size, and roundedness where possible. Mastcam-Z multispectral and SuperCam laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy data were used to constrain the composition of the regolith types. Fine-grained regolith is found surrounding bedrock and boulders, comprising bedforms, and accumulating on top of rocks in erosional depressions. Spectral and chemical data show it is compositionally consistent with pyroxene and a ferric-oxide phase. Coarse-grained regolith consists of 1-2 mm well-sorted gray grains that are found concentrated around the base of boulders and bedrock, and armoring bedforms. Its chemistry and spectra indicate it is olivine-bearing, and its spatial distribution and roundedness indicate it has been transported, likely by saltation-induced creep. Coarse grains share similarities with the olivine grains observed in the S & eacute;& iacute;tah formation bedrock, making that unit a possible source for these grains. Mixed-type regolith contains fine-and coarse-grained regolith components and larger rock fragments. The rock fragments are texturally and spectrally similar to bedrock within the M & aacute;az and S & eacute;& iacute;tah formations, indicating origins by erosion from those units, although they could also be a lag deposit from erosion of an overlying unit. The fine and coarse-grained types are compared to their counterparts at other landing sites to inform global, regional, and local inputs to regolith formation within Jezero crater. The regolith characterization presented here informs the regolith sampling efforts underway by Perseverance.Plain Language Summary We used multiple instruments on t

Published
2023

50. Detection of Copper by the ChemCam Instrument Along Curiosity's Traverse in Gale Crater, Mars:Elevated Abundances in Glen Torridon

Author

Goetz, Walter, Dehouck, Erwin, Gasda, Patrick J., Johnson, Jeffrey R., Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Lanza, Nina L., Wiens, Roger C., Rapin, William, Frydenvang, Jens, Payré, Valerie, Gasnault, Olivier, Goetz, Walter, Dehouck, Erwin, Gasda, Patrick J., Johnson, Jeffrey R., Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Lanza, Nina L., Wiens, Roger C., Rapin, William, Frydenvang, Jens, Payré, Valerie, and Gasnault, Olivier

Abstract

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, as utilized by the ChemCam instrument onboard the Curiosity rover, detected enhanced abundances of the element copper. Since landing in Gale crater (August 6, 2012) 10 enhancements in copper abundance were observed during 3007 Martian days (sols) of rover operations and 24 km of driving (as of January 20, 2021). The most prominent ones were found in the Kimberley area on the crater floor (Aeolis Palus) and in Glen Torridon on the lower flanks of Aeolis Mons (Mt. Sharp). Enhancements in copper record the former existence of modestly acidic and oxidizing fluids, which were more oxidizing in Kimberley than in Glen Torridon. Of the two main types of bedrock in the lowest part of Glen Torridon, Mg-rich ‘coherent’ and K-rich ‘rubbly’ (named based on their outcrop expression), copper was only detected in coherent, not in rubbly bedrock. The difference between these two types of bedrock may be due to difference in provenance. Alternatively, based on a recently developed lacustrine-groundwater mixing model, we suggest that rubbly bedrock was altered by modestly acidic, shallow-subsurface lake water that leached out both copper and manganese, while coherent bedrock was affected by dominantly alkaline fluids which would be consistent with its mineralogical composition (including siderite) as returned by the CheMin instrument onboard the rover. Higher up in Glen Torridon, ChemCam data indicated significant gradients in copper concentration in coherent bedrock on a local scale of only few meters, which suggests a different alteration style and possibly different types of diagenetic fluids.

Published
2023

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