Search

An account is given of the rediscovery of Dialectica imperialella (Zeller, 1847) on the Isle of Wight in 2018, which had not been recorded on the Island since its discovery there in 1973. Larval foodplants and records from southern England are reviewed.

In April 2020, close to the start of the first U.K. COVID-19 lockdown, the U.K. government announced the development of a COVID-19 contact tracing app, which was later trialled on the U.K. island, the Isle of Wight, in May/June 2020. United Kingdom surveys found general support for the development of such an app, which seemed strongly influenced by public trust. Institutions developing the app were called upon to fulfil the commitment to public trust by acting with trustworthiness. Such calls presuppose that public trust associated with the app can emerge if the conditions for trustworthiness are met and that public trust is simplistic, i.e., linearly the sum of each member of the publics’ individual – U.K. government trust relationship. Drawing on a synthesis of the trust literature and fifteen interviews with members of the public trialling the app on the Isle of Wight, this paper aims to explore what trust mechanisms and relationships are at play when thinking about public trust in the context of the U.K. COVID-19 app. We argue that public trust is a complex social phenomenon and not linearly correlated with institutional trustworthiness. As such, attention needs to widen from calls for trustworthy infrastructures as a way to build public trust, to a deeper understanding of those doing the trusting; in particular, what or whom do people place their trust in (or not) when considering whether using the app and why. An understanding of this will help when trying to secure public trust during the implementation of necessary public health measures. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11673-021-10127-x.

The consequences of the fires of 1866-1872 for the architecture of three US cities and the first two years of Chicagos recovery after the fire of 1871 with a further break until the end of the decade are described. The role of this break in the development of Jenneys creativity, which led to the emergence of the Chicago School, and the work of James McLaughlin, which did not develop in Cincinnati, are shown. The role of Peter Wight in promoting the ideas of Viollet-le-Duc, which became the basis of the movement, and his influence on the leaders of Burnham and Root, are noted. It describes the partnership between Adler and Sullivan, their works that foreshadowed Art Nouveau, the contacts of Burnham and Root with the Brooks brothers developers, which influenced the development and then the existence of the Chicago School.

Background: Anemia during pregnancy is a public health problem especially in developing countries and it is associated with maternal and perinatal adverse outcomes. Global data shows that 56% of pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries have anemia. Every year more than 20 million infants are born with low birth weigh t(LBW) worldwide. Objective: To analyze the impact of Multi Micronutrients (MM) supplementation on hemoglobin (Hb) levels of pregnant women and infant birth weight. Method: The databases used to obtain the literature were PubMed, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, and PubMed Central. The keywords used were Multiple Micronutrien Supplementation, Hemoglobin, Pregnant and Neonatal Birth Weght in studies published from 2010 to 2020. A total of 14 articles were used in this review. Results: Seven articles obtained about the effects of multiple micronutrients on hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. Six studies support that MM supplementation increases hemoglobin levels or prevents pregnant women from anemia. One study showed a significant increase in serum ferritin One study reported ferritin levels in the MM group as well as the fe-folic acid group did not experience a significant decrease. There is only one study that shows the opposite results, which the mean maternal hemoglobin level significantly decreased during study, being the lowest in second trimester. Ferritin and serum iron levels were decreased at trimester one and two, also the zinc and vitamin D level declined. Seven articles show the effect of MM supplementation on pregnancy outcomes is better than Fe-folic acid supplementation. This can be seen in the results reported from various studies that have been carried out, which are reduce the incidence of LBW, small for gestational age, preterm labor. stillbirths, and NTD anomaly. Conclusion: Various empirical evidence that has been described in this paper confirms the plausibility that the provision of micronutrient supplementation in the periconceptional period is more important than only given during advanced pregnancy. Multi micronutrient administration increases hemoglobin levels in pregnant women and improves pregnancy outcomes

Background: To investigate the intergenerational effects of grandmaternal smoking during pregnancy (GMSDP) on the DNA methylation of grandchildren. Methods: Data from the Isle of Wight birth cohort with information regarding GMSDP and DNA methylation profiling at the birth of grandchildren (n = 161) were used. Differentially methylated CpG sites related to GMSDP were identified using testing–training screening, analysis of variance and multivariate analysis of covariance. The association between identified CpG sites and expression levels of neighboring genes was tested by linear regression. Results: Twenty-three CpG sites were differentially methylated in grandchildren because of GMSDP, and eight of these were associated with expression levels of 13 neighboring genes. Conclusion: GMSDP has an intergenerational effect on the DNA methylation profile of grandchildren independent of maternal smoking during pregnancy.

Evaluation of anti-hyperuricemic activity of alcoholic extract of Capparis moonii Wight fruits in Wistar rats, by utilizing Indian caper typically occurring in the Konkan area which grows full-fledged in the hot and dry atmosphere that can be generally found throughout asia. The dried fruits of Capparis moonii W. were extracted using absolute ethanol to get an alcoholic extract. Acute oral toxicity studies were performed to decide the doses. The anti-hyperuricemic activity was estimated by the phenol red excretion in rats and the potassium oxonate induced hyperuricemia models respectively. The alcoholic extract showed dose-dependent mode of action where the higher concentration of 200 mg/kg showed higher amount of retention of phenol red in the blood suggesting that it has better ability to secrete urate out of the body of rats as compared to 100mg/kg. Also in potassium oxonate induced hyperuricemia, similar results were obtained with significant reduction in serum uric acid levels and serum creatinine levels as compared to 100mg/kg. The conclusion of this study was that; it proved that Capparis moonii W. alcoholic extract of the fruits can be beneficial as anti-hyperuricemic treatment agent. It would be encouraging to undertake further studies in future to decode the exact mechanism.

A new genus and species of non-hadrosaurid hadrosauriform dinosaur, Brighstoneus simmondsi gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Lower Cretaceous Wessex Formation of the Isle of Wight. The new ta...

Terminalia tomentosa (Roxb.) Wight & Arn., an important tree species in the tropical forests of India, is often reported to have poor or no regeneration in many parts of the country. The present st...

Ellertonia rheedii Wight is an indigenous plant belonging to Apocynaceae family found in Western Ghats of Coorg, Shimoga, Chikamagalore, Dakshina Kannada. The paste of fresh leaves of this plant is used exter-nally in varicose vein by folklore practitioner in and around Dakshina Kannada District of Karnataka State. In local language it is called “Nara balli” which means a climber used for the disease of vein. The name it-self indicates its long-term use among the folk and efficacy of the drug. The identity of Ellertonia rheedii Wight is yet explored in Ayurvedic literature. Current study was carried out to evaluate the dermal toxicity activity of leaves of Ellertonia rheedii Wight. Keywords: Apocynaceae, Ellertonia rheedii Wight, Folklore

Este artigo procura posicionar a Escola Inglesa na via intermédia entre o Realismo e o Idealismo, focando-se no pensamento de Hedley Bull e Martin Wight, e analisar a evolução da Escola Inglesa após o derrube do muro de Berlim, quando novas problemáticas foram agregadas ao estudo da sociedade internacional e das instituições internacionais. Pretende-se ainda demonstrar como a Escola Inglesa, fundada nas normas e nos padrões regulares de comportamento, é uma grande influência para a abordagem construtivista. Frente a estas realidades, surge a grande pergunta de partida: por que razão, apesar dos estudos de Hedley Bull e de Martin Wight sobre a sociedade internacional e as instituições internacionais, a Escola Inglesa se manteve, à época, marginalizada frente à Escola Norte-Americana de Relações Internacionais?, a qual origina objetivos, alguns dos quais já mencionados, e hipóteses de trabalho, que serão alcançados e comprovadas.

This essay presents a consideration of Englishness refracted through and anecdotal and discursive refl ection on the way the microcosm of an island mediates Englishness as a condition of national identity, peculiar to islands. The island chosen for consideration of this “exemplary singularity” is the Isle of Wight, given its peculiarly overdetermined status – at once rural paradise, Brexit voters’ haven, extended retirement community, and locus of much counter culture activity over a 50 year period.

Aims: Free radicals are involved in many diseases. Antioxidants help control them. The overproduction of free radicals or reduction of natural antioxidants promotes the destruction of cells in our body, for example in neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of our study is to evaluate the correlation between the level of polyphenol and antioxidant activity of Dichrostachys cinerea barks he work was carried out at the phytochemistry department of the Institute of Pharmacopoeia and Traditional Medicine (Gabon). Methodology: Different extracts of Dichrostachys cinerea barks were obtained with polarity solvent (dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol, methanol and water). The antioxidant activity is evaluating using respectively FRAP method (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power), antiradical activity by the method of inhibition of DPPH radical (2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), cations ABTS radical (2.2'-azinobis-[3-acid-6-sulfonic ethylenzothiazoline]). Results: Ethyl acetate and dichloromethane extract have the higher value for polyphenolic compounds, respectively 52,27±0,66 mg EAG / g and 49,72±0,55 mg EAG / g. Aqueous extract have the lower value 20,67±1,05 mg EAG / g. The different fractions of Dichrostachys cinerea have antioxidant effect, and this effect is in correlation with its constituents: polyphenols, tannins and flavonoids. Results were compared to standard antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and quercetin. Conclusion: This study confirms higher is the level of polyphenols greater is the antioxidant power.

Plants with medicinal potentials have contributed significantly in the history and evolution of modern health care system. Lack of comprehensive written document have made traditional medicinal knowledge disappearing as a result of population growth and development. This necessitates written document of comprehensive knowledge of medicinal plants. This study aims at documenting traditional knowledge of Syzygium polyanthum cultivars (Serai Kayu and Serai Kayu Hutan) in Terengganu, three hundred and eighty four respondents were interviewed with the aid of semi structured questionnaire. The study reported Serai Kayu and Serai Kayu Hutan to be used as ulam, spices and medicinal respectively. Leaves were found to be the most utilized part and Decoction the most prepared method. However, the study recommends immediate conservation of the plant and adoption of Malays traditional culture utilisation of the species; due to its medicinal potentials

Giovanni Casaretto published Eugenia rotundifolia Casaretto (1842: 40) using material that he collected in Restinga vegetation between Copacabana and Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Berg (1857: 287) treated E. rotundifolia Casaretto as a distinct species, and recognized two varieties. However, the binomial E. rotundifolia (Walker-Arnott 1836: 335) Wight (1841: 17) was previously published for a taxon occurring in Sri Lanka. Therefore, Casaretto’s name is a later superfluous homonym and illegitimate. In a recent article on the typification of plant names published by Casaretto, Delprete et al. (2019) proposed E. casarettoana Delprete (2019: 25) as a substitute name for E. rotundifolia Casaretto. However, Delprete and his collaborators overlooked that the name E. casarettoana O. Berg (1857: 520) was previously published using material collected by Martius near the town of Coari, state of Amazonas, Brazil, and belongs to a distinct species occurring in the Brazilian Amazon. Also, Berg (1857) spelled the specific epithet “casaretteana” without explaining to whom he dedicated the epithet. It is obvious that it was dedicated to Casaretto, as no other botanist or plant collector has a similar last name. Therefore, according to Recommendation 60C of the ICN (Turland et al. 2018), the spelling of this epithet should be corrected to casarettoana, as it has been done for this and other specific epithets dedicated to Casaretto (Delprete 2016).

Asteroids from the lower Aptian Lower Greensand of the Isle of Wight are described. Two articulated specimens are referred to the extant paxillosid family Pseudarchasteridae and transferred to a living genus, i.e., Paragonaster, P. wightensis (Breton, 1992). Isolated marginal plates are assigned to the widespread Cretaceous astropectinid genus Coulonia, and described as C. caseyi sp. nov. The Cretaceous genus Comptonia Gray, 1840 is referred to the Pseudarchasteridae and revised taxonomically, with the recognition of two species; C. elegans Gray, 1840 and C. bretoni sp. nov., Paragonaster wightensis is the oldest known member of the Pseudarchasteridae.

A small sample of selachian teeth is described from a glauconitic nodule from the Ladder Chine Member, Ferruginous Sands Formation, Lower Greensand Group, late Aptian, Early Cretaceous found near Walpen Chine on the Isle of Wight, UK. The selachian fauna contains the root of an unidentified lamniform shark, and some associated teeth of a synechodontiform shark, here identified as Synechodus tenuis. The difficulties associated with the definition of the three common Cretaceous species of Synechodus - S. dubrisiensis, S. nitidus and S. tenuis - are briefly reviewed. The described material represents the first records of fossil sharks from the late Aptian of the Isle of Wight.

Many aspects of the palaeontology of the Isle of Wight are well known, but less so its ichnology. A turtle bone, Emys? sp., from the Lower Oligocene (Rupelian) Hamstead Member, Bouldnor Formation, ...

Beginning in the 1960s, the Isle of Wight studies were among the first to investigate developmental reading problems in representative, population-based samples, using the tools of epidemiology. In...

Salacia macrosperma Wight. - a potent medicinal plant facing the verge of rare and endemic status in the Western Ghats region of southern India. The effective protocol has been standardized for callus induction and multiple shoot regeneration using leaf and nodal explants. The Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with various plant growth regulators like 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), Benzyl amino purine (BAP), Thidiazuron (TDZ), Indole acetic acid (IAA), Kinetin (Kn), Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and Indole butyric acid (IBA). The leaf explants produced more calli than nodal explants in MS medium supplemented with 2, 4-D and BAP in combination than individual hormones. Likewise, MS medium with 1.5 mg L-1of 2, 4-D, 2.5 mg L-1 of BAP and 1.5 mg L-1of TDZ along with 1% activated charcoal was apt for multiple shoot regeneration (93.33%) from nodal explants with slight embryogenic callus. Further, each developed plantlets were produced maximum rhizogenesis in liquid MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 of IAA. Furthermore, the cytological study of embryogenic callus revealed variations in callus cells such as multinucleate, multi-nucleolate, cytodifferentiation, chromosomal bridges were noticed, besides normal dividing stages. Further, by scanning electron micrograph (SEM) analysis of embryogenic callus different stages of morphogenic developmental features were recorded.

In this study, we carried out an assessment of IUCN conservation status of Wendlandia angustifolia Wight ex. Hook.f. (Rubiaceae), based on field data on populations and distribution status of this species that is narrowly endemic to southern Western Ghats. This species was earlier presumed to be extinct, however, our data suggests that it should be assigned to the Endangered (EN) category based on the IUCN Red List criteria.

It is estimated that about 1/3rd world’s population is infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It kills more adults in India than any other infectious diseases. In 2018, India was able to achieve a Total Notification of 21.5 Lakh TB cases of which 25 % was from the private sector. Majority of the TB burden is among the working age group. The 89% of TB cases come from the age group of 15-69 years. About 2/3 of the TB cases are Males. Uttar Pradesh, with 17% of population of the country, is the largest contributor to the TB cases in with 20% of the total notifications, accounting to about 4.2 Lakh cases (187 cases/ lakh population). Aim and objective: This study was intended to evaluate the rasayaṇa effect of Rudanti (Capparis moonii wight.) as an adjunct to anti-tubercular drugs in the management of Rajayakshma (PTB). Methodology: This is a single blind therapeutic control randomized clinical trial consisting of 100 patients divided in to two groups. Group A patients were treated with DOTS and group B were treated with DOTS along with Rudanti powder 5 gm BD for 6 months. Conclusion: This study shows that by incorporating an herbal rejuvenative in the management of PTB, a chronic debilitating disorder, had an additive effect. Rudanti powder can be easily administered as an adjunct to DOTS. Rudanti has hepatoprotective properties, which remunerate the hepatotoxicity known to cause by DOTS drugs. Improved weight gain in TG patients in comparison to CG indicates the accessory effect of Rudanti.

Objectives: Pittosporum floribundum Wight & Arn. (Pittosporaceae) has been associated with many therapeutic claims, especially for its ethnomedicinal and economical uses. In this review, an extensive literature survey was carried out to compile information available about its medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties. Materials and Methods: Ethnobotanical uses of P. floribundum reported in available books on ethnobotany and ethnomedicinal research articles have been compiled. The obtained data are arranged in a tabular form, enlisting its local names, their area of presence and parts used. Therapeutic indications, external or internal dosage form and usage of the drug are also noted. Results and Discussion: It was found that stem bark, leaves, and root of P. floribundum are used to combat itching, rheumatism, leprosy, sprain, eczema, arthritis, diabetes, chest pain and antidote for snake bite. Bark has maximum applications in leprosy, and sprain. The extracts of the different parts were subjected to phytochemical screening for the presence of phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, lignins, anthroquinones, steroids, tannins, saponins, fixed oils and glycosides. Studies have shown that the methanolic extract of bark having promising antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, neuropharmacological and behaviour activities. Conclusion: P. floribundum has multifaceted uses in varied aspects thus underlining its significance. Reported claimed anti-bacterial and anti-oxidant activities can be further strengthened through pharmacological and clinical studies to establish the ethnic claims like leprosy, sprain, bruises, sciatica, pulmonary affection and phthisis.

Background: Pittosporum floribundum is an ethnomedicinal plant which has a numerous number of medicinal claims and it hasn’t been explored thoroughly. Various parts of plant used medicinally such as used in skin disorder, leprosy, etc. Aims: To explore different qualitative, quantitative and antifungal aspect of Pittosporum floribundum. Materials and methods: Different test were carried out to determine qualitative as well as quantitative parameter such as for the presence of protein, glycosides, alkaloids, carbohydrates, terpenoids, etc. Result & Discussion: The three extracts were taken for examination such as water, methanolic and hydroalcoholic. The study was carried out on Pittosporum bark and leaves and for every sample three extract were prepared. And every extract shows different results. Also, study reveals Pittosporum floribundum shows antifungal activity. Conclusion: The Pittosporum floribundum plant extracts could be used as an antifungal after comprehensive in vitro biological studies.

A hybrid between Symphytum caucasicum and Symphytum orientale is described from two sites in Norfolk, and one on the Isle of Wight. The taxon seems to be a new one, certainly for the British Isles and Ireland, and is similar to two previously described hybrids from Norfolk, Symphytum x norvicense (S. asperum x orientale) and Symphytum x uplandicum x caucasicum. Separation of these three taxa is discussed: all three are characterised by a combination of variegated red, blue, purple or white corolla bell, together with a calyx dissection to less than half way. This shallowly dissected calyx is the key to recognition of these three entities, which otherwise are easily overlooked as diminutive forms of Symphytum x uplandicum

In Bhutan, the genus Pentasacme Wall. ex Wight. had been represented by only one species, Pentasacme pulcherrima Grierson & Long, which is mainly distributed in shaded steep banks and gully walls in subtropical rainforest at 250-550 m above sea level. During the ongoing 100 Trees species seed conservation project in Bhutan with Millennium Seedbank, Kew, specimens of Pentasacme Wall. ex Wight. were collected from warm broadleaved forest slopes of Zhemgang and Mongar districts at elevation of 680-705 m. These specimens were later identified as Pentasacme wallichii Wight., which is a new record to Bhutan. A description, key to species, and other information of the species are provided to simplify its identification.

The UK’s National Health Service (NHS) COVID-19 contact tracing app was announced to the British public on 12th April 2020. The UK government endorsed the app as a public health intervention that would improve public health, protect the NHS and ‘save lives’. On 5th May 2020 the technology was released for trial on the Isle of Wight. However, the trial was halted in June 2020, reportedly due to technological issues. The app was later remodelled and launched to the public in September 2020. The rapid development, trial and discontinuation of the app over a short period of a few months meant that the mobilisation and effect of the discourses associated with the app could be traced relatively easily. In this paper we aimed to explore how these discourses were constructed in the media, and their effect on actors – in particular, those who developed and those who trialled the app. Promissory discourses were prevalent, the trajectory of which aligned with theories developed in the sociology of expectations. We describe this trajectory, and then interpret its implications in terms of infectious disease public health practices and responsibilities.

Introduction In October 2019 within the acute hospital on the Isle of Wight we saw an increase in patients choosing to die in hospital if they were in the last days of life. This equated to 23% of the palliative and end-of-life care teams caseload and while this was recognised we also identified a consistent number of patients dying in the emergency department, CCU and ICU that were in the last hours to last day of life and had not been offered alternative preferred places of care due to high acuity needs. Aim This resulted in a bold case being put forward to develop a 3-6 bedded nurse- led end-of-life care unit. Method The proposal was supported as a pilot, underpinned by working with key partners which included Mountbatten Isle of Wight. Referrals are made to the IPET team who assess; if appropriate and in agreement with medical team, patient and family, then transfer to the Wellow Unit. The Unit is managed by an experienced palliative care sister and overseen by the consultant nurses and IPET team. Outcomes On average the Wellow Unit cares for 34 patients per month and in January 2021 at the height of the second wave of COVID-19 we cared for 64 patients. In total over the last 12 months the unit has cared for 320 patients. After a successful 12 months of being in place and increasing beds to meet COVID-19 demand in 2020-21, the unit has now been made permanent. Conclusion This development rightfully challenged this partnership working which ultimately strengthened the position we now find ourselves in. In sharing knowledge, skills and workforce resources we are now in a position to consistently meet the needs of the dying patient in the acute hospital.

Pyrenacantha volubilis Wight. is a dioecious liana occurring in small, clustered populations. The species had no documented use until the recent past, when it was identified to be a source of a highly traded anti-cancer drug – camptothecin. In the present study, we examine the genetic diversity of 12 fragmented natural populations of P. volubilis using morphological and molecular traits. Twelve polymorphic Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) primers and 29 agromorphological traits were used to discriminate the populations using UPGMA and NJ tree algorithms respectively. The ISSR amplicon profile had 133 distinct bands. The maximum number of amplicons were produced by UBC 844 (20 bands) and the average polymorphism was 80.07 per cent. The dendrograms obtained based on molecular and agro-morphological data are in close congruence. The Thiruvananthapuram population stood apart in both the analyses as a discrete outgroup: perhaps a consequence of local adaptation. Substantial genetic diversity exists among populations. This could be tapped in domestication, which is the only way forward for the long-term survival of this species. We also report for the first time a standardized method for extraction of genomic DNA from the leaves of P. volubilis.

Purpose This study aims to assess environmentally three different alternatives related to the valorization of Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight & Arm. (marabou), identified as an invasive tree, as a feedstock for cogeneration facilities installed in the sugarcane industry in Cuba. The alternatives are (A-1) Electricity generation from marabou in a conventional back-pressure steam turbine cycle, (A-2) Electricity generation from torrefied marabou in a back-pressure steam turbine cycle, and (A-3) Electricity generation from torrefied marabou using extraction-condensing turbines.Methods SimaPro 9.0.0.35 software was used for the modeling of the inventory, based on different operational parameters. The ReCiPe environmental impact assessment method was used in the hierarchical perspective, assessing 18 impact categories (midpoint), and 3 damage categories (endpoint).Results and discussion The results demonstrated that A-3 shows the lower environmental impacts (Fine Particulate Matter Formation, Terrestrial Acidification, and Water Consumption) as compared to A-2 and A-1. This performance is explained by a lower normalized marabou consumption (1.85 kg marabou/kWh generated), and lower emissions associated with marabou harvesting, transportation, and processing. The cogeneration stage was the main contributor to the environmental burdens in Water Consumption (100% in A-1; 87% in A-2 and A-3). Marine Ecotoxicity was the impact category with better environmental performance due to the substitution of synthetic mineral fertilizers by ashes produced during combustion. The human health damage category reached the higher impacts on the torrefaction subsystem in the A-3 scenario, representing over 94% of the total environmental burden of the process. PM2, and SO2 contributed the most over this damage category, mainly in marabou combustion, causing injuries in respiratory systems by aspiration of organic compounds.Conclusions The use of more efficient technology (extraction-condensing steam turbine), using torrefied marabou as feedstock, compared with the previous alternatives, impacts beneficially on the environment. Thus, a combination of marabou torrefaction with cogeneration facilities in sugarcane industries can be considered as an environmental-friendly technology in the Cuban context. The current study results will help decision-makers implement more sustainable policies in the Cuban energy sector, using marabou as feedstock as an attractive bioenergy route pathway.

Dietary diversity during infancy and the association with childhood food allergen sensitization Authors: Kate Maslin PhD1,2, Kaci Pickett MSc3, Suzanne Ngo3,4 MD, William Anderson3,4 MD, Taraneh Dean PhD2,5, Carina Venter PhD2,3,4School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Isle of Wight, UKUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine, Colorado, USAAllergy and Immunology Section, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Colorado, USAUniversity of Brighton, Brighton, UKRunning title: Dietary diversity and food sensitization

The present paper deals with the new record of Cynanchum corymbosum Wight (Apocynaceae), for Arunachal Pradesh, India, with detailed taxonomic citation, botanical description, phenology along with ecological notes of the species.

Elinor Wight Gardner (1892–1981) was the first female geologist who worked and published as a geoarcheologist. During her career, she worked in arid lands of North Africa, Mediterranean and the Near East, and was regarded as a pioneering geoscientist who made important contributions in multiple fields, including archeology, geomorphology, paleontology and Quaternary science. Despite her ground-breaking work at many archeological sites, Gardner’s impact has been largely unrecognized. Few details are known about her personal life, she was a private and reserved person who left limited first-hand accounts of her opinions and motivations. Gardner worked with charismatic figures such as her life-long friend and primary collaborator, the archeologist Gertrude Caton Thompson (1888–1985). This biography synthesizes primary sources and draws insights about Gardner’s character from her bibliography, publications and notebooks, and mentions by contemporary peers. Much attention has focused on the historical “ancestral passions” of characters working in the fields of geology and archeology, with much emphasis on the ‘founding fathers’ and significantly less recognition of its ‘grandmothers’. We bring attention to the full scope of Gardner’s insightful contributions through analysis of her important collaborative research projects linking archeology and landscape studies during the early twentieth century.

Vachellia farnesiana was in cultivation in South Africa as an ornamental tree as early as 1858. The first non-cultivated specimen was collected in 1888 and the first naturalised population in 1952. We surveyed 4.5 km along a seasonal watercourse near Albert Falls Dam in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, where a V. farnesiana population was identified in 2016. We found a total of 1203 trees of V. farnesiana, of which 82% of the trees produced fruit. Field observations suggest that this species has the potential to become invasive in South Africa.

The effect of regional diversity on 12 agro-morphological descriptors of Sesbania bispinosa (Jacq.) W. Wight was studied. The mean sum of square varied significantly for six of these traits viz., plant height, branch number/plant, pod number/plant, pod length, seed number/pod and seed width. Among the ten regions, plants grown from seeds of Tangail, Chuadanga and Sirajganj districts of Bangladesh performed better in terms of plant height, number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, pod length, number of seeds/pod and seed width. In principal component analysis, first six principal components (PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4, PC5 and PC6) showed Eigen value >1 and accounted for 85.6% of the total variance. In cluster analysis based on the studied agro-morphological descriptors, the cluster 1 consists of three regions (Chuadanga, Tangail and Jhinaidah), cluster 2 of six regions (Khulna, Mymensingh, Rangpur, Sunamganj, Gaibandha and Faridpur) and cluster 3 of only one district (Sirajganj). Considering these multivariate analyses, three different morphotypes of S. bispinosa could be identified from different locations.