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Efforts to improve soil quality are relatively inexpensive, among others, through the use of natural organic material sources such as the return of waste or crop residues. So far, soil quality improvement is generally carried out by using various organic soil enhancers in the form of manure, compost, and plant biomass. In addition, currently biochar is known as an alternative in improving soil quality, especially when combined with organic fertilizers. This material is a material that is classified as a soil enhancer that can last a long time. Charcoal manufacture can use biomass waste, either from agricultural product processing industrial waste or wood industrial waste which is widely available in urban areas. As an agricultural country, a lot of waste materials are easily obtained and relatively cheap, especially agricultural wastes such as coconut shells, cocoa pods, rice husks, mangrove trunks, oil palm shells and others. These materials can be charred in a traditional way or with the use of simple technology to obtain biochar which is useful both for fuel and for improving soil quality. In the application of writing, an imperfect combustion process is needed, known as a torrefaction process or low pyrolysis. This process can produce charcoal containing activated carbon to be applied to the soil. The process of making charcoal can be easily carried out by the community by utilizing biomass waste to heat the material. In this Thematic KKN integrated PPM activity, an incomplete combustion model is developed to produce biomass charcoal and will be socialized and applied to the community.

Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan Bokashi komposisiA dan Bokashi komposisi B terhadap Karakteristik Morfologi Tiga Varietas Tanaman Jagung, dan untuk mengetahui perlakuan yang memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan tiga varietas tanaman jagung hibrida. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Proteksi Tanaman PangandanHortikultura Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara, yang berlokasi di Kecamatan Konda, Kabupaten Konawe Selatan.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan 2 taraf. Kedua faktor menghasilkan 9 unit petak perlakuan dan setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga semua perlakuan terdapat 27 unit petak percobaan. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK).Variabel yang diamati untuk pertumbuhan vegetatif yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, panjang daun dan lebar daun.Hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pertumbuhan berbeda nyata pada tanaman jagung hibrida dan salah satu perlakuan yaitu Bokashi komposisi B (B2) memberikan respon terbaik terhadap karakteristik morfologi tanaman jagung.Kata kunci : Bahan organik, Mikroba lokal, Tanaman jagung, Varietas

Maize crops experiencing water stress can experience cell damage, loss of turgor, closed stomata, plant leaf roll then wilt. Germination and vegetative growth are thought to be a very sensitive phases in relation to the availability of water, because it can influence subsequent growth processes. This study aimed to determine the potential tolerance of Southeast Sulawesi’s maize genotypes to drought stress at different vegetative growth phases. This study was based on completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial pattern consisting of two factors: the first factor composed of 9 local maize genotypes of Southeast Sulawesi and 1 national variety (cv. Arjuna), while the second factor was drought stress at different vegetative growth phases, consisting of four levels ie: C0 = plants irrigated with 100 % water availability during the growth phase, C1 = Stress for 5 days , at 21-26 days old (vegetative phase), C2 = Stress for 5 days starting at panicle emergence (early flowering stage), and C3 = Stress for 5 days starting 2 weeks after silking. Research results showed that Genotype (G) treatment significantly influenced all observed growth variables (at age 21 and 42 days after planting, DAP), except for the variable of number of leaf, age 21 DAP. However, water stress treatment (C) only significantly affected plant height variable, at the age of 42 DAP. In general, G6 and G7 genotypes tended to have a higher crop and trunk diameter than the other genotypes. Contrary, G3 genotype tended to have shorter crop and smaller stem diameter than the other genotypes. There are indications that the drought stress treatment (C) significantly inhibited the growth of maize crops. Keywords: drought strees, maize genotypes, tolerance, and vegetative phases

The experiment was conducted in the Rahandouna village, Poasia, Kendari Southeast Sulawesi, from August to November 2013. The purpose of this study was to determine the estimate of heritability between characters of thirteen local waxy corn cultivars of Southeast Sulawesi. This study was prepared using a randomized block design (RBD), with 3 replicates. Total waxy corn cultivars studied was 13 species, so that there were 39 plots. Each plot consisted of a single cultivar. Observed variables were plant height (cm), stem diameter (cm), leaf area (cm2), number of leaves (strands), ear length (cm), cob diameter (cm), number of rows per ear, weight of 100 seeds (g), ear weight. The results of this study showed that there was narrow variability on all local waxy corn characters observed. Keywords: Local waxy corn, characters, cultivars, Southeast Sulawesi, variability

Yam (Dioscorea hispida Dennst) is a tuber crop that belonges to food sources and has not been widely recognized by the public. Aside from being a food ingredient, it can also be used as a natural pesticide. Until now, efforts to use the potential of yam have not been handled well. This research was conducted at the In vitro Laboratory of the Faculty of agriculture, Haluoleo University, from May to July 2014. The purpose of the study was to obtain the proper concentration of BAP to induce yam plant shoots in vitro. The research design used was a completely randomized design with 5 replications. One segment of the stem explants were grown on MS basic medium with different concentrations of BAP (0.5-4 ppm), with 5 replications and each replication consisted of 1 bottle containing 2 explants. Data were analyzed using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The research results showed that the addition of various concentrations of BAP affected the span of the emergence of the first shoots but did not affect the percentage of explants alive and growing shoots. BAP concentration of 2 mg / L was the optimal concentration to induce shoots of yam (Dioscorea hispida) with a span began to shoot appearance at week 4 after planting.

Tanaman kedelai merupakan sumber protein nabati utama bagi masyarakat Indonesia sehingga memiliki nilai ekonomi yang penting dan strategis. Kebutuhan kedelai Indonesia sebagian besar (60%) masih dipenuhi oleh kedelai import, oleh karena perlu usaha yang keras untuk meningkatkan produktifitas kedelai baik secara intensifikasi maupun ekstensifikasi. Pengenbangan tanaman kedelai di luar Pulau Jawa, termasuk di Sulawesi Tenggara umumnya diusahakan di lahan kering yang tidak difasilitasi dengan irigasi, pada umumnya ditempati oleh tanah yang bereaksi masam, serta miskin hara dan bahan organik dengan kemampuan air yang sangat rendah, sehingga perkembangan perakaran tanaman sangat terbatas dan air hujan cepat hilang dari tanah. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut, diperlukan suatu teknologi yang dapat memperdalam dan mempelebar jelajah akar serta mampu menyimpan air lebih lama. Teknologi budidaya terpadu yang berbasis biofertilizer dan bahan organik merupakan salah satu teknologi yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk maksud tersebut. ―BIOFRESH‖ merupakan salah satu produk biofertilizer yang telah dikembangkan di Jurusan Agroteknologi FP-UHO, produk ini berbahan aktif mikroba rizobakteri indigenos tanah ultisol. Penggunaan ―BIOFRESH‖ di tanah ultisol mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai, serta meningkatkan ketahanan terhadap penyakit tular tanah. Pemberian biofertilizer Biofresh 10 g pertanaman mampu mengurangi penggunaan pupuk anorganik N,P, dan K sebanyak 40-60%, memiliki efektifitas yang lebih baik dari fungisida mankozeb dalam mengendalikan penyakit busuk batang Rhizoctonia. Penambahan bahan organic sebanyak 2 ton per Ha semakin meningkatkan efektifitas Biofertilizer ―Biofresh‖ dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan, hasil panen dan ketahanan terhadap penyakit tular tanah.

Rumen’s animal waste is usually abundant in quantity. The rumen is not only a store house of microbes that assist in the digestion of roughage in ruminant animals but it is also an important source of nutrient for crop plant. This study aimed to determine the effect of cow’s rumen waste on eggplant crop production. The study consisted of a single factor, the application of cow’s rumen contents, with 6 treatment levels, namely: R0 = Control (without giving cow's rumen); R1 = 5 tons cow’s rumen per hectare (3.6 kg per plot); R2 = 10 tons of cow's rumen per hectare (7.2 kg per plot); R3 = 15 tons of cow's rumen per hectare (10.8 kg per plot); R4 = 20 tons of cow's rumen per hectare (14.4 kg per plot); R5 = 25 tons of cow’s rumen per hectare (18 kg per plot); and R6 = 30 tons of cow’s rumen per hectare (21.6 kg per plot). The study was based on Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD), which consisted of three blocks, so overall consisted of 21 experimental units. The results showed that the application of cow's rumen waste gave a very significant effect on the weight of eggplant fresh fruit, fruit diameter, fruit number, and gave significant effect on fruit length. The application of cow’s rumen with a dose of 25 tons per hectare (18 kg per plot) resulted in the highest agronomic results for eggplant production, which was 28.85 tons per hectare, or equivalent to 20.77 kg per plot. But economically, rumen dose of 15 tons per hectare (10.8 kg per plot) has given the best results, with production per hectare of 21:39 tons, or equivalent to 15.4 kg per plot.