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Several studies are conducted to determine the impact of dutasteride on the risks of inception of prostate cancer, especially in men. The results demonstrate that dutasteride plays an extremely significant role in the reduction of risk of prostate cancer detection on biopsy.

Foucault's genealogy does not relativize the present by offering other possibilities for being, as Hubert L. Dreyfus and Foucault himself have suggested. Foucault limits the past to representation in terms of power relations, rather than allowing it to reveal itself as it is in itself. Thus, he fails to pass beyond the philosophy of representation to present new possibilities of being. Foucault's approach is also compared to that of Gilles Deleuze.

Aims: Five-α reductase inhibitor (5ARI) therapy has been associated with sexual dysfunction in some patients. This study assessed the impact of a fixed-dose combination of the 5ARI dutasteride 0.5 mg and the α1 -adrenoceptor antagonist tamsulosin 0.4 mg (DUT-TAM FDC) on Men's Sexual Health Questionnaire (MSHQ) domain scores in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicentre study in sexually active patients, aged ≥50 years, with a confirmed clinical diagnosis of BPH. Sexual activity, sexual desire, and bother domain scores of the MSHQ were assessed at baseline and at Months 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12. Correlation between MSHQ sexual activity/desire scores and ejaculation, erection, and satisfaction domains at baseline was also evaluated.Results: In the intent-to-treat population (N = 489), 243 and 246 patients were randomised to DUT-TAM FDC and placebo groups, respectively. Compared with placebo, DUT-TAM FDC therapy resulted in statistically significant reductions (worsening) from baseline in adjusted mean MSHQ sexual activity and bother domain scores at Months 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 (all P < 0.05) and in adjusted mean MSHQ sexual desire domain scores at Months 6, 9, and 12 (all P < 0.05). Significant moderate correlations in the expected direction were observed at baseline between the sexual activity/desire domains and the ejaculation, erection, and satisfaction domains (P < 0.0001).Conclusions: These findings help clarify the degree and impact of libido changes in sexually active men treated with DUT-TAM FDC and may support clinical decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Aims/Introduction: The present phase 3, randomized, double‐blind 24‐week study with extension to 1 year assessed the efficacy and safety of albiglutide compared with placebo in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled by diet and exercise with or without a single oral antidiabetic drug. Materials and Methods: Patients received weekly albiglutide 30 mg (n = 160), albiglutide 50 mg (n = 150) or a placebo switched to albiglutide 30 mg after 24 weeks (n = 77). Open‐label daily liraglutide 0.9 mg (n = 103) was included as a reference. Oral antidiabetic drug use was discontinued before baseline. The primary end‐point was 24‐week change from baseline in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Secondary end‐points included fasting plasma glucose, bodyweight and adverse events. Results: At 24 weeks, mean HbA1c changes from baseline were −1.10, −1.30, and 0.25% for albiglutide 30, 50 mg and placebo, respectively (P vs placebo <0.0001 for both albiglutide doses), −1.19% for liraglutide. Decreases in HbA1c with albiglutide were sustained through the study. Mean fasting plasma glucose decreased by ≥20 mg/dL, and the mean change in bodyweight was ≤0.5 kg through 1 year across groups. Most commonly reported adverse events were nasopharyngitis, constipation and nausea. The incidence of adverse events was higher in active treatment groups than in the placebo group. Few hypoglycemia events were reported; no patient withdrew as a result of hypoglycemia. No new safety signals were detected. Conclusions: Albiglutide monotherapy achieved clinically significant decreases in HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose with good tolerability in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled by diet and exercise with or without a single oral antidiabetic drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To prospectively assess the impact of the fixed‐dose combination (FDC) of the 5α‐reductase inhibitor (5ARI), dutasteride 0.5 mg and the α1‐adrenoceptor antagonist, tamsulosin 0.4 mg (DUT‐TAM FDC) therapy on sexual function domain scores in sexually active men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), using the Men's Sexual Health Questionnaire (MSHQ). Patients and Methods: This European and Australian double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group study was conducted at 51 centres. Inclusion criteria: age ≥50 years, International Prostate Symptom Score ≥12, prostate volume ≥30 cc, prostate‐specific antigen 1.5–10 ng/mL. Patients were randomised 1:1 to DUT‐TAM FDC therapy or placebo for 12 months. The change from baseline to Month 12 on the total MSHQ (primary endpoint) and MSHQ erection, ejaculation and satisfaction domains (secondary outcome) was assessed, using a mixed model repeated measures analysis. Safety was evaluated. Results: The intention‐to‐treat population included 489 patients (243 DUT‐TAM FDC therapy; 246 placebo). A significant decrease (worsening) was observed with DUT‐TAM FDC therapy versus placebo on the total MSHQ score (−8.7 vs −0.7; standard error [ se]: 0.81, 0.78; P < 0.001), and the ejaculation (−7.5 vs −0.6; se: 0.56, 0.55; P < 0.001) and satisfaction (−0.6 vs +0.3; se: 0.3, 0.29, P = 0.047) domains, but not the erection domain (−1.0 vs −0.5; se: 0.19, 0.19, P = 0.091). Conclusion: This is the first domain‐specific quantitative evaluation of DUT‐TAM FDC therapy on sexual function in men with LUTS secondary to BPH. The observed changes in the MSHQ with DUT‐TAM FDC therapy were mainly driven by changes in the ejaculation domain. These findings will help give context to erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction AEs reported spontaneously in earlier 5ARI studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of once weekly albiglutide added to a single oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) in Japanese patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Research design and methods:In this phase 3, 1 year study (NCT01777282), patients (N = 374) received albiglutide 30 mg plus a single OAD (sulfonylurea [n = 120], biguanide [n = 67)], glinide [n = 65], thiazolidinedione [n = 61], or α-glucosidase inhibitor [n = 61]). Albiglutide could be increased to 50 mg after Week 4, based on glycemic criteria. Primary endpoints were the incidence of adverse events (AEs) and hypoglycemia; secondary endpoints were changes from baseline at Week 52 in HbA1cand fasting plasma glucose (FPG), proportion of patients achieving HbA1c≤7.0%, and withdrawals due to hyperglycemia. Results:On-therapy AEs occurred in 78.6% of patients and serious AEs in 2.1%. Common AEs were nasopharyngitis (32.6%), constipation (7.2%), and diabetic retinopathy (5.3%). No serious AEs occurred more than once or were reported in >1 patient. Hypoglycemia occurred in 6.4% of patients, mostly in the albiglutide + sulfonylurea (14.2%) and the albiglutide + glinide (6.2%) groups. Albiglutide was uptitrated in 53.2% of patients. Mean baseline HbA1cwas 8.1%. Mean decreases from baseline in HbA1cwere observed with the addition of albiglutide to thiazolidinediones (−1.42%), α-glucosidase inhibitors (−1.39%), sulfonylureas (−1.04%), glinides (−0.95%), and biguanides (−0.94%). HbA1cof <7% in >50% of patients and mean reductions in FPG were achieved in all groups. Mean changes from baseline in body weight ranged from +0.52 kg (albiglutide + thiazolidinedione) to −0.33 kg (albiglutide + biguanide). Limitations of the study included open label treatment that was not randomized. Conclusions:When combined with a single OAD in Japanese patients with inadequately controlled T2DM, albiglutide led to favorable changes in all glycemic parameters, with minor changes in body weight depending on the background OAD. No new safety concerns were noted. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]