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The objective of this study was to evaluate regrowth period (RP), morphogenetic, structural and productive characteristics of the guinea grass cultivar Tanzania [Megathyrsus maximus (syn. Panicum maximum)] under different stubble heights (SH) during dry (DS) and rainy (RS) seasons in the eastern Amazon region. The treatments were: 5, 15, 25, 35, 45 and 55 cm SH, distributed in a randomized complete block design with 6 replicates. In the 2 seasons, RP decreased linearly with increase in SH, and was considerably shorter in the RS (47 d). Leaf appearance rate decreased linearly from 0.071 to 0.051 leaves/tiller/d with increasing SH, and it was higher during the RS. Increase in SH increased leaf elongation rate, stem elongation rate and leaf area index. In the RS, climatic conditions favored the morphogenesis, resulting in higher herbage accumulation (8,693 kg DM/ha) than in the DS (2,597 kg DM/ha). In associating seasons with SH, we recommend that Tanzania grass be managed at SH between 35 and 45 cm in the DS, resulting in RP from 61 to 64 days, and at SH of 35 cm in the RS, resulting in RP of 41 days. Studies to test this management strategy seem warranted.

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate nutritive value and fermentation characteristics of silage made with different plant components of sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] with or without microbial inoculation. Materials and Methods The experiments were conducted at Ona, Florida, in 2012 (Exp. 1) and 2013 (Exp. 2). In Exp. 1, treatments were the ensiling of different plant components, whole plant (leaves, stem, and inflorescence; WP), stem (stem only, ST), and bagasse (stem pressed to remove the juice, BAG). In Exp. 2, treatments were distributed in a factorial 3 × 2 arrangement with the same plant component treatments from Exp. 1 with or without microbial inoculant (B500). Results and Discussion In Exp. 1, BAG had greater (P Implications and Applications Sweet sorghum BAG had acceptable nutritive value and fermentation characteristics and can be used as forage for ruminants. Microbial inoculants may not improve the fermentation characteristics and nutritive value of sweet sorghum BAG silage.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:41:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The aim of this research was to evaluate carcass traits and meat quality of finishing lambs in pastures with different leaf area index with or without high protein-mineral supplementation. In this study, forty-eight young Santa Inês rams were used, with an average initial body weight of 13.5 kg and an average age of 4 months. For approximately 10 h a day, the animals had access to pastures comprised of Cynodon spp cultivar Tifton 85. In vivo measurements, including body length, anterior and posterior heights, chest perimeter, rump and thoracic widths, were evaluated. Based on the data in this study, providing supplements for sheep improved the carcass composition as increased hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, empty body weight, carcass yield, external and internal carcass lengths and thoracic depth. Moreover, supplementation increased slaughter weight, which accounts for the largest portion of the producer’s profitability. Although the use of supplements increases production costs, it also improved quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the meat, which could satisfy the consumer market. The meat from supplemented animals had a lower atherogenicity index compared to the control suggesting the meat from supplemented lambs is healthier to be consumed. Department of Technology São Paulo State University-UNESP School of Animal Science and Food Engineering University of São Paulo-USP Institute of Animal Science Department of Animal Production Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ) Federal University of Goiás Department of Technology São Paulo State University-UNESP FAPESP: 2010/1896-9

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing cottonseed meal with DDG on ruminal parameters, methane (CH4) emissions (Experiment 1), and animal performance (Experiment 2) of young Nellore bulls grazing Marandu grass during the rainy season. Four supplementation strategies were used in both experiments: (1) Mineral supplementation (MS), (2) conventional multiple supplement (energy/protein) with cottonseed meal and citrus pulp (CMS), (3) CMS with 50% cottonseed meal replaced by DDG (50DDG), and (4) CMS with 100% cottonseed meal replaced by DDG (100DDG). The 50DDG condition resulted in greater intake of dry matter (p = 0.033), organic matter (OM) (p = 0.050), forage (p = 0.035), and digestible OM (p = 0.031) than 100DDG. The supplemented animals presented greater final body weight (BW) and average daily gain than the animals consuming MS (p = 0.011), and lower pH, acetate, and acetate:propionate (p &lt, 0.05). However, the treatments had no influence on stocking rate, gain per area, and enteric CH4 emissions (p &gt, 0.05). Replacing cottonseed meal with DDG does not result in great variations in ruminal parameters, animal performance, and enteric CH4 emissions of grazing Nellore cattle during the rearing phase in the wet season. Both protein sources in 0.3% BW supplementation can be used to intensify beef cattle production in pastures.

Melding quantum and classical mechanics is an abiding quest of physical chemists who strive for heuristic insights and useful tools. We present a surprisingly simple and accurate treatment of ground-state two-electron atoms. It makes use of only the dimensional dependence of a hydrogen atom, together with the exactly known first-order perturbation value of the electron-electron interaction, both quintessentially quantum, and the D → ∞ limit, entirely classical. The result is an analytic formula for D-dimensional two-electron atoms with Z ≥ 2. For D = 3 helium, it gives accuracy better than 2 millihartrees, which is better than current density functional theory. A kindred explicit formula for correlation energy exploits interpolation between D → ∞ and D = 1 or 2; when added to the Hartree-Fock energy, it improves accuracy for D = 3 helium to better than 0.1 millihartrees.