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Holbrookia lacerata Cope 1880 Plateau Spot-tailed Earless Lizard (Fig. 8) Holbrookia maculata lacerata Stejneger 1890 Holbrookia lacerata lacerata Axtell 1956 Lectotype. U. S. National Museum (USNM 10160 A); collected by G.W. Marnock in May 1879 within a 3 mile radius circle around Helotes, Bexar County, Texas, USA (29�� 35��� N; 98�� 41��� W). Etymology. Holbrookia is derived from the last name of the American zoologist John Edwards Holbrook. Lacerata is derived from the latin word lacerare, which means to cut, destroy, or mangle. Cope (1880) described the posterior border of the transverse brown bars on the dorsum as serrate or digitate. This feature likely brought about the name lacerata. Distribution: Holbrookia lacerata includes all populations north of the Balcones Escarpment in Texas. This distribution extends north to the Colorado River, east to the eastern edge of the Balcones Escarpment and west to the Pecos River and southern edge of the Llano Estacado. Diagnosis. Morphological description based on measurements and counts from 112 adults. This is a small, earless lizard with an average of 4 (0 ��� 10) black spots on the underside of the tail. The average snout-vent length (SVL) is 54 mm (32 ��� 63), paravertebral and dorsolateral body blotches are often fused. An average of 2 (0 ��� 6) blotches are fused out of an average of 6 (4 ��� 9) blotches. The blotches form two rows of transverse bands with the dorsal edges of the bands usually narrowing and extending anteriorly. The dark blotches on the hind legs usually form distinct bands with the average number of leg bands and blotches being 7 (4 ��� 11). Some individuals have black lateral spots on the abdomen and these average 0.4 (0 ��� 4). The average number of femoral pores on the left leg is 13 (10 ��� 17). Females and some males develop a red-orange pattern on their throat and neck during the breeding season., Published as part of Hibbitts, Toby J., Ryberg, Wade A., Harvey, Johanna A., Voelker, Gary, Lawing, A. Michelle, Adams, Connor S., Neuharth, Dalton B., Dittmer, Drew E., Duran, C. Michael, Wolaver, Brad D., Pierre, Jon Paul, Labay, Benjamin J. & Laduc, Travis J., 2019, Phylogenetic structure of Holbrookia lacerata (Cope 1880) (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae): one species or two?, pp. 139-154 in Zootaxa 4619 (1) on page 147, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4619.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3248485, {"references":["Cope, E. D. (1880) On the zoological position of Texas. Bulletin of the U. S. National Museum, 17, 1 - 51. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.17","Stejneger, L. (1890) Part V. - Annotated list of reptiles and batrachians collected by Dr. C. Hart Merriam and Vernon Bailey on the San Francisco Mountain Plateau and desert of the Little Colorado, Arizona, with descriptions of new species. North American Fauna, 103 - 118. https: // doi. org / 10.3996 / nafa. 3.0006","Axtell, R. A. (1956) A solution to the long neglected Holbrookia lacerata problem and the destription of two new subspecies of Holbrookia. Bulletin of the Chicago Academy of Science, 10 (11), 163 - 179."]}

Holbrookia subcaudalis (Axtell 1956) Tamaulipan Spot-tailed Earless Lizard (Fig. 9) Holbrookia lacerata subcaudalis Axtell 1956 Holbrookia subcaudalis Hibbitts et al. 2019 (this study) Holotype. Texas Natural History Collection, University of Texas (TNHC 20000); collected by Ralph W. Axtell on 6 June 1955 in plowed field 4.8 miles east northeast of Bishop, Nueces County, Texas, USA (27�� 36��� N; 97�� 45��� W) at an elevation of 75 feet. Etymology. The name subcaudalis is derived from the latin word sub which means under or below and cauda which means tail. This refers to the dark spots on the underside of the tail in this species. Distribution. Holbrookia subcaudalis is composed of all populations south of the Balcones Escarpment in Texas and west to the Sierra Madre Oriental in Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, and Tamaulipas, Mexico. They are absent from areas with sandy soils. Diagnosis. Morphological description based on measurements and counts from 45 adults. This is a small, earless lizard with an average of 5 (1 ��� 10) black spots on the underside of the tail. The average snout-vent length (SVL) is 56 mm (31 ��� 72), paravertebral and dorsolateral body blotches are often separated. An average of 0.7 (0 ��� 6) blotches are fused out of an average of 6 (4 ��� 9) blotches. The blotches form four rows of transverse mostly circular blotches. The dark blotches on the rear legs are circular in shape and do not form into bands with the average number of leg blotches being 8 (4 ��� 14). Most individuals have black lateral spots on the abdomen and these average 2.6 (0 ��� 5). The average number of femoral pores on the left leg is 14 (10 ��� 19). The female body color is greenish yellow during the breeding season but they do not acquire orange on the throat in either sex., Published as part of Hibbitts, Toby J., Ryberg, Wade A., Harvey, Johanna A., Voelker, Gary, Lawing, A. Michelle, Adams, Connor S., Neuharth, Dalton B., Dittmer, Drew E., Duran, C. Michael, Wolaver, Brad D., Pierre, Jon Paul, Labay, Benjamin J. & Laduc, Travis J., 2019, Phylogenetic structure of Holbrookia lacerata (Cope 1880) (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae): one species or two?, pp. 139-154 in Zootaxa 4619 (1) on pages 148-149, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4619.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3248485, {"references":["Axtell, R. A. (1956) A solution to the long neglected Holbrookia lacerata problem and the destription of two new subspecies of Holbrookia. Bulletin of the Chicago Academy of Science, 10 (11), 163 - 179."]}