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The State of Kuwait has issued numerous legislations aimed at empowering persons with disabilities, including the State Constitution (1961), Law No. 49 of 1996 (articles 1-6), Law No. 8 of 2010 (articles 2, 3, 5, and 6), and various amendments to these laws. This article is based on a field study conducted to investigate the influence of national law on civil society organizations that support people with disabilities, with a focus on women with disabilities in the State of Kuwait. The researcher collaborated with the Kuwaiti Union of Women Associations and numerous public benefit groups, including the Kuwait Disabled Sports Club, Kuwait Society for the Handicapped, and the Kuwait Association for Learning Differences, to ask people with disabilities and those who assist them to complete a questionnaire based on the study topic. Notably, many of the study's participants were women with disabilities or advocates for women with disabilities. This article focuses on the gender-specific views and experiences gathered during the survey. The findings of the survey provided important insights into these respondents' thoughts on national legislation and its execution. Many participants identified specific issues and inadequacies in the present legislative framework, notably in how successfully these laws are adopted and enforced. This challenge of implementation was frequently discussed, with respondents providing extensive details of their experiences and views. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the representation of women living with disabilities in Shahira Al-Hassan's novel Cochlea's Secrets. This is an important endeavor as it highlights fiction's role in advocating for women with disabilities, particularly in the Arab region. Such a study is crucial for increasing awareness and support for women with disabilities, especially in literary writing. Also, worldwide readers can learn about the impact of Arab novelists in supporting women with disabilities. Fiction, like the media, plays a pivotal role in promoting the status of women living with disabilities and enhancing their societal role. By addressing this topic from the perspective of an Arab narrative, the study aims to highlight the contributions of Arab novels in addressing injustices against women living with disabilities and exploring opportunities for their empowerment. The research adopts a structural-formative approach by studying characters' psychological and social relationships within their environment. This approach aligns with the study's emphasis on understanding the portrayal of women with disabilities in the Arabic novel by examining the psychological impact of their interactions within society. The article also integrates a subjective narrative voice an explicit feminist methodology that validates lived experiences as both the personal and the political. Research in the Arab region remains incomplete thus leaving a gap in the understanding of the experiences of women with disabilities and their societal roles. A second feature of the research examines how this topic is portrayed in narratives by offering a fresh yet underappreciated perspective, namely Arab fiction's portrayal of women with disabilities, their psychological worlds, their suffering and obstacles, and their potential for sustainable growth. The paper also seeks to reveal how Arab novelistic innovation bridges the gender gap, eliminates discrimination, and ends violence against disabled women. It stresses the significance of empowering disabled women for Arab societies to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by meeting their psychological and physical needs as one crucial dimension of sustainable development. Rehabilitation and empathizing with disabled women are crucial features of society's growth and in achieving gender justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has made significant advancements in women empowerment and has established legal frameworks to support people with disabilities, particularly women (People of Determination, POD). However, there is a notable lack of information regarding the career choices of Emirati Women of Determination (EWOD). This literature review aims to address this gap by examining the limited research on EWOD's career choices and the challenges they encounter. The societal stigma surrounding disabilities, especially with women, often results in underreporting which hinders data collection efforts. While existing research predominantly relies on qualitative methods, providing valuable insights, it lacks generalizability. This review underscores the necessity for a comprehensive approach to tackle these obstacles. It examines and highlights educational institutions offering tailored career guidance and support services for POD, policymakers facilitating partnerships and developing targeted internship programs to bridge the education-employment gap, and organizations creating inclusive workplaces with accessibility modifications, flexible work arrangements, and continuous training opportunities. Future research should prioritize studies focused on EWOD's experiences, utilizing a mixed-methods approach and involving POD in the research process. Policymakers should invest in research on EWOD's career choices and design specialized educational initiatives. Collaboration among policymakers, educational institutions, and the private sector is essential to establish seamless pathways for EWOD's career development. By addressing these knowledge gaps and implementing a combination of interventions, we can empower Emirati women with disabilities to make informed career decisions and reach their full potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women with disabilities in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) face unique challenges due to traditional gender roles and societal expectations. Despite these challenges, recent social policies in the UAE aimed at supporting people with disabilities have significantly improved their life satisfaction. This study explores the determinants of happiness for women with disabilities compared disabled men using data from the 2017 National Survey for Happiness and Positivity. Contrary to expectations, women with disabilities in the UAE have highest happiness scores compared to women without disabilities and men with/without disabilities. Furthermore, both women with and without disabilities consistently over score men with/without disabilities in happiness and life satisfaction levels in the UAE. In line with our assumption of higher women's vulnerability, we found that women with disabilities report lower levels of satisfaction with their physical health, mental health and their ability to perform daily life activities as well as they declare a bit higher anxiety level than men with disabilities. However, the scores' differences are not significant. At the same time, women with disabilities report higher levels of satisfaction with the health care facilities and social connections. These findings suggest that the UAE's inclusive policies and redesignation of people with disabilities as "people of determination" may contribute to these high happiness levels. The study highlights the importance of tailored social policies and programs aimed at addressing the specific needs of women with disabilities, emphasizing social and healthcare support, and suggests that continued efforts in this area are yielding positive outcomes. These results provide valuable insights for policymakers to further enhance the wellbeing of women with disabilities, ensuring their full inclusion and empowerment in society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluates the effectiveness of Saudi Arabia's legal framework in promoting the rights of women and girls with disabilities through a comparative analysis with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Sweden's disability policies. Employing legislative texts and policy documents, the research identifies gaps and benchmarks against international norms to propose necessary enhancements. The findings indicate that while Saudi Arabia has established a comprehensive legal structure focused on non-discrimination, accessibility, and reasonable accommodation, there are significant shortcomings in enforcement and gender-specific protections. Recommendations include enhancing legal protections for gender-specific needs, improving enforcement mechanisms via independent monitoring bodies, expanding reasonable accommodation provisions, and fostering social inclusion policies. The study highlights the need for strategic implementation involving training, awareness initiatives, and international cooperation better to integrate girls and women with disabilities into Saudi society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to identify the forms of violence against women and girls with disabilities and their relationship to psychological well-being. The study used a descriptive approach with a correlational study design. We selected the study sample using stratified random sampling, which included 220 girls and women with physical and sensory disabilities aged 14 to 30 years from primary and secondary schools as well as universities in the Ajloun region of northern Jordan. We collected data using a scale for forms of violence (16 items) and a scale for psychological wellbeing (28 items) after verifying their validity and reliability in the Jordanian context. According to the study sample, the forms of violence against girls and women with disabilities were moderate. Familial violence ranked first and was at a high level, followed by societal violence at a moderate level, and self-assault ranked third at a moderate level. The results also showed that the overall level of psychological well-being and its six domains (self-acceptance, independence, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relationships with others, and purpose in life) among girls and women with disabilities were low. Additionally, there was a statistically significant negative correlational relationship between the forms of violence against girls and women with disabilities and psychological well-being. The study recommends counseling programs to train women and girls with disabilities on coping mechanisms for different forms of violence and improve their levels of psychological well-being. It also emphasizes raising awareness and societal culture towards women and girls with disabilities and reaffirming their right to live independently, freely, and with dignity by preserving their personal and human rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People with disabilities make up 16% of the world's population, an estimated 1.3 billion individuals. Because many people rely on the media to make sense of the world, a skewed perception of people with disabilities has become dominant in society today. People with disabilities are largely depicted in the media as deserving of pity and charity and always dependent on others for survival. The media provides us with narratives that we use to create interpretations of the world around us and, consequently, become bases of norms and attitudes about issues and persons around us. This paper studies Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries' news coverage of women with disabilities to gain insights into the kind of narratives the Gulf press constructs about them. Through a content analysis of national news agencies' news reports from Bahrain, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), this study reveals how Gulf media contributes to the consolidation of or liberation from established notions and perceptions about women with disabilities in Gulf society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses articles in the issue on topics including the challenges faced by Arab women with disabilities, the need for intersectional research, and disability policy advancements in the Arab world.

This study looks at the cultural, social, and legislative issues related to the experiences of disabled women in Libya, specifically in the cities of Benghazi and Al-Bayda. Using a descriptiveanalytical approach, the study explores the many barriers to the full integration of women with disabilities into society. Data were gathered using quantitative and qualitative methods, including formal questionnaires and direct involvement via social media platforms such as WhatsApp and Facebook. The sample was purposefully chosen to include women with a variety of disabilities between the ages of 18 and 33 and over, guaranteeing a complete representation of the target community. The findings indicate substantial impediments, such as social stigma, cultural prejudices, and legislative deficiencies, that prevent impaired women from attaining their goals and getting critical social assistance. The study emphasizes the importance of raising awareness and implementing inclusive policies to empower disadvantaged women, calling for a cultural shift toward greater empathy and support for their rights and integration. By addressing these issues, the study aims to contribute to the development of more effective strategies and interventions for empowering impaired women in Libya. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Women with disabilities in low‐ and middle‐income countries face unique challenges in managing menstruation, affecting their health, dignity, and quality of life. Aim: This study aimed to explore menstrual hygiene management (MHM) practices among reproductive‐aged women with disabilities in Bangladesh and its impact on social participation. Methods: We analyzed data from 51,535 women from the 2019 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS). The outcome variables were: (i) material used to manage blood flow while menstruating (appropriate, inappropriate), (ii) availability of a private place for washing and changing menstruation rags (yes, no), and (iii) impact on attendance of social activities, school, or work during menstruation (yes, no). Disability status was considered as a major explanatory variable and categorized as no disabilities, moderate disabilities, and severe disabilities. Associations of outcome variables with explanatory variables were determined using a multilevel mixed‐effects binary logistic regression model adjusted for individual‐level factors, household‐level factors, and community‐level factors. Results: Among the sample, 2.7% reported severe disability and 19.2% moderate disabilities, with vision‐related disabilities (12.2%) being the most prevalent, followed by cognitive (9.5%) and walking disabilities (8.2%). Overall, 4% reported using inappropriate materials for menstrual flow, rising to 8.0% among those with severe disabilities and 5.8% for moderate disabilities. Women with moderate to severe disabilities had 33%–47% lower odds of using appropriate materials and 34%–44% lower odds of having a private place to change at home. Additionally, women with severe disabilities were 1.66 times more likely to report that menstruation impacted their social activities. Conclusion: Women with disabilities in Bangladesh face significant barriers to effective MHM. Addressing these issues requires targeted interventions, including disability‐inclusive menstrual health education, improved access to menstrual products and sanitation facilities, and community initiatives to reduce stigma. Key points: What is known Disabilities pose an ongoing challenge in low‐ and middle‐income countries, often leading to poor health outcomes and lower utilization of healthcare services. What is new We found poor menstrual health management among reproductive‐aged women with disabilities.Participation in social activities among women with disabilities was also found to be severely affected. Clinical implications of the study findings Poor menstrual health indicates a risk of facing menstrual‐related health issues, including reproductive tract infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background An essential aspect of human well-being is positive sexual health outcomes. However, the issue of adverse sexual health outcomes continues to be a major public health concern, particularly for women with disabilities in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Therefore, this current scoping review mapped studies conducted in the last twenty-nine years on the sexual health of women with disabilities from these five dimensions: sexual activity, contraceptive use, sexual autonomy, sexual violence and risky sexual behaviour, whilst seeking to identify the current state of knowledge and address the study gaps in SSA. Methods This current scoping review was informed by the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. Exploratory searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, African Journals Online, etc., to identify studies conducted in SSA that focus on sexual activity, contraceptive use, sexual autonomy, sexual violence and risky sexual behaviour among women with disabilities in SSA since the inception of the International Conference on Population and Development in 1994 to 30th of March 2024. This process resulted in the inclusion of seventeen (17) studies. Results Of the 1362 identified through various databases, 34 studies were included for the full-text retrieval and screening; only 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. The eligible studies were conducted across six countries in SSA and published between 2008 and 2023. Eight studies used quantitative study type, six utilised qualitative approach, and three employed mixed-methods analysis. Two studies were conducted on sexual activity, ten were conducted on contraceptive use, four were conducted on sexual violence, and one study was conducted on risky sexual behaviour, whilst no study on sexual autonomy met the inclusion criteria. Conclusion This review showed that there were few or scarce studies on sexual activity, contraceptive use, sexual autonomy, sexual violence and risky sexual behaviour among women with disabilities in SSA and even where the studies were substantial (contraceptive use), the majority of the studies were conducted in a country. Future studies should consider examining dimensions of sexual health, such as sexual autonomy, sexual activity and risky sexual behaviour of women with disabilities that were not available or were scarce in the literature.

Abstract\nPoints of interestThis study was conducted in three low-income areas of Harare Metropolitan Province in Zimbabwe to understand how women with disabilities accessed water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities during COVID-19. Qualitative data were collected through structured interviews and focus group discussions involving 104 purposively sampled women with disabilities. Key informant interviews were held with seven representatives of organisations working with persons with disabilities in Harare. Findings indicated that overt discrimination against women with disabilities increased as households struggled to access WASH facilities. These women risked gender harassment from community boreholes ‘marshals’, and urogenital infections resulting from unhygienic menstruation management practices. Poor waste disposal and water reticulation systems restricted high water, sanitation and hygiene standards required to fight the pandemic. The study recommends the full implementation of the national disability policy and the constitutional provisions to safeguard the rights of women with disabilities in times of crises.Women with disabilities generally face multiple barriers to accessing water, sanitation and hygiene. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these barriers making it quite arduous for them to access water, sanitation and hygiene.The national response to the COVID-19 pandemic was formulated without women with disabilities in mind, and therefore, their unique needs were largely ignored rendering it difficult for them to cope with the challenges posed by the pandemic.It is recommended that deliberate measures be created in consultation and with the full participation of women with disabilities and their organisations, to ensure inclusive water, sanitation and hygiene measures and guarantee the rights of women with disabilities.While the National Disability Policy articulates the need to ensure that persons with disabilities have equitable access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene and that water points are accessible and closer to where persons with disabilities live, this call is not being fully implemented.Some water points are inaccessible, the design of community boreholes is insensitive to the needs of persons with disabilities and community members do not exercise reasonable accommodation to persons with disabilities who stand in long queues for hours.Instead of reasonable accommodation, women with disabilities were exposed to verbal abuse, harassment, requests for bribes and sometimes ‘sex for water’ transactions at community boreholes.Women with disabilities generally face multiple barriers to accessing water, sanitation and hygiene. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these barriers making it quite arduous for them to access water, sanitation and hygiene.The national response to the COVID-19 pandemic was formulated without women with disabilities in mind, and therefore, their unique needs were largely ignored rendering it difficult for them to cope with the challenges posed by the pandemic.It is recommended that deliberate measures be created in consultation and with the full participation of women with disabilities and their organisations, to ensure inclusive water, sanitation and hygiene measures and guarantee the rights of women with disabilities.While the National Disability Policy articulates the need to ensure that persons with disabilities have equitable access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene and that water points are accessible and closer to where persons with disabilities live, this call is not being fully implemented.Some water points are inaccessible, the design of community boreholes is insensitive to the needs of persons with disabilities and community members do not exercise reasonable accommodation to persons with disabilities who stand in long queues for hours.Instead of reasonable accommodation, women with disabilities were exposed to verbal abuse, harassment, requests for bribes and sometimes ‘sex for water’ transactions at community boreholes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study documents how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the livelihoods of women with disabilities in three low-income urban areas of Zimbabwe's Harare Metropolitan Province. A mixed-method approach was used to gather data through structured interviews, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions with 104 women with disabilities and service providers working with women with disabilities in Caledonia, Hatcliffe, and Epworth. The study utilises the sustainable livelihood approach to analyse the dynamics ensuing during the pandemic and how they impinged on women with disabilities' livelihoods. Findings reveal that the pandemic, particularly the lockdowns, greatly and negatively impacted the livelihoods of women with disabilities, who mainly depend on the informal sector through vending, begging, and handouts. The study recommends the provision of targeted sustainable social safety nets for women with disabilities in times of shocks and stresses such as pandemics to cushion them from the devastating effects brought about by such eventualities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Applying qualitative methods and evidence from the field, this paper explores the situation of women with disabilities within Bangladesh’s overall sociocultural, political, and economic contexts. The research found that participating women with disabilities were living in poverty and were disenfranchised. They reported being treated with disregard, and at times with contempt, both within their families and the wider society. In Bangladesh, disability is often regarded as a divine curse. In a patriarchal society where women are often seen as a liability, women with disabilities are particularly resented, and are often abandoned by their family members or are victims of domestic violence and abuse. In a society where sensitivity to the needs of people with disability is yet to take root, provisions for accessing basic services, such as education, are limited or non-existent for women with disabilities. Direct and representational participation of women with disabilities in the policy process is rare and changes relevant to their needs and empowerment are few. This research indicates that the situation of women with disabilities in Bangladesh is different from that of men with disabilities. More focused and gender-sensitive interventions are required at multiple levels – social, cultural and institutional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: An essential aspect of human well-being is positive sexual health outcomes. However, the issue of adverse sexual health outcomes continues to be a major public health concern, particularly for women with disabilities in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Therefore, this current scoping review mapped studies conducted in the last twenty-nine years on the sexual health of women with disabilities from these five dimensions: sexual activity, contraceptive use, sexual autonomy, sexual violence and risky sexual behaviour, whilst seeking to identify the current state of knowledge and address the study gaps in SSA. Methods: This current scoping review was informed by the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley. Exploratory searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, African Journals Online, etc., to identify studies conducted in SSA that focus on sexual activity, contraceptive use, sexual autonomy, sexual violence and risky sexual behaviour among women with disabilities in SSA since the inception of the International Conference on Population and Development in 1994 to 30th of March 2024. This process resulted in the inclusion of seventeen (17) studies. Results: Of the 1362 identified through various databases, 34 studies were included for the full-text retrieval and screening; only 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. The eligible studies were conducted across six countries in SSA and published between 2008 and 2023. Eight studies used quantitative study type, six utilised qualitative approach, and three employed mixed-methods analysis. Two studies were conducted on sexual activity, ten were conducted on contraceptive use, four were conducted on sexual violence, and one study was conducted on risky sexual behaviour, whilst no study on sexual autonomy met the inclusion criteria. Conclusion: This review showed that there were few or scarce studies on sexual activity, contraceptive use, sexual autonomy, sexual violence and risky sexual behaviour among women with disabilities in SSA and even where the studies were substantial (contraceptive use), the majority of the studies were conducted in a country. Future studies should consider examining dimensions of sexual health, such as sexual autonomy, sexual activity and risky sexual behaviour of women with disabilities that were not available or were scarce in the literature. Plain language summary: Sexual health is really important for people's overall well-being, and it includes aspects like how we feel socially, mentally, emotionally, and physically. In sub-Saharan Africa, especially for women with disabilities, sexual health is a big concern. So, this review looked at studies done over the last 29 years about the sexual health of women with disabilities in sub-Saharan Africa. It focused on five areas: sexual activity, contraceptive use, sexual autonomy, sexual violence, and risky sexual behaviour. Databases were searched for relevant studies and found 17 that fit the set criteria. These studies were from six countries in sub-Saharan Africa and were published between 2008 and 2023. Most of the studies were about contraceptive use, with fewer focusing on sexual activity, sexual violence, and risky behaviour. There weren't any eligible studies on sexual autonomy. The review concluded that there's not enough research on these sexual health dimensions among women with disabilities in sub-Saharan Africa, especially on sexual autonomy, and future studies should explore this further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Violence against women with disabilities (WWD) is a significant social issue that affects the well-being and rights of this vulnerable population. Violence against women with disabilities is a pervasive issue that manifests in various forms, including physical, sexual, emotional, and financial abuse. This paper explores the nature and extent of such violence, examining the unique vulnerabilities and barriers faced by this population. By analyzing data from various studies, legal frameworks, and support systems, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the issue and suggest policy recommendations to address and mitigate the impact of violence against women with disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we argue that a Slow Feminism, which evolves through the slow but consistent support of other women that is embedded in care, compassion and constructive challenge against patriarchal expectations, is essential for the future of feminist praxis within higher education. This work emerged from our coming together to reflect-on-action on our experiences as disabled, women, postgraduate researchers in different disciplines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Feeling 'othered' by and invisible to hierarchal structures, we sought to understand our individual challenges through a collective lens. Relational ethics and a praxis of care in line with feminist epistemology underpinned our systematic 'feminist collaborative autoethnography', whereby we critically engaged with individual reflections and together in online meetings to interpret shared social, emotional and structural challenges. In this article, we draw on our experiences sharing this data through poetry, during the stage of our collaborative project in which we utilised 'poems' to identify the challenges of being a disabled woman navigating higher education, and the resistance we employed individually, and collectively, in support of one another. Through this process, we challenged the neoliberal, patriarchal and oppressive systems that we are forced to engage with daily and our own complicity in them. Using our individual, collective and overlapping voices, whereby we recognise the tensions and supportive narratives created by and within our research conversations, we identify that feminist activism and feminist futures are not solely a response to extreme events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is growing research evidence on bodily discourses and body image issues of women with disabilities. Within the art-based intervention repertoire for persons with disabilities, dance and movement-based therapies and interventions are gaining prominence. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of dance sessions (delivered online) on body image, body satisfaction/dissatisfaction, and wellbeing of women with disabilities. A quasi-experimental waitlist control design study was conducted with data collected at two time points: baseline or pre-test and five-months later or post-test. Outcomes were measured using the Body Image Scale and the WHO-5-Wellbeing Index. The dance sessions were effective (Hedges' g = −0.56 –0.88; p < 0.01) and post-test body dissatisfaction scores were lower and wellbeing scores were higher for participants with a college degree or postgraduate degree, self-employed or students, and whose intervention compliance was above threshold (>50% dance sessions attended and corresponding homework sessions completed). Tobit regression models indicated that it was possible to estimate post-test outcomes due to dance sessions alone, controlling for significant socio-demographics. The domain knowledge of non-pharmacological art-based interventions for persons with disabilities, particularly women, is supported. Findings commend dance sessions as effective psychotherapeutic mechanisms to mitigate body dissatisfaction, improve body image and wellbeing of women with disabilities. Future research may focus on large-scale cross-sectional trials, variations in the repertoire for women with different disability types and histories, and qualitative narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Women with disabilities in low‐ and middle‐income countries face unique challenges in managing menstruation, affecting their health, dignity, and quality of life. Aim This study aimed to explore menstrual hygiene management (MHM) practices among reproductive‐aged women with disabilities in Bangladesh and its impact on social participation. Methods We analyzed data from 51,535 women from the 2019 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS). The outcome variables were: (i) material used to manage blood flow while menstruating (appropriate, inappropriate), (ii) availability of a private place for washing and changing menstruation rags (yes, no), and (iii) impact on attendance of social activities, school, or work during menstruation (yes, no). Disability status was considered as a major explanatory variable and categorized as no disabilities, moderate disabilities, and severe disabilities. Associations of outcome variables with explanatory variables were determined using a multilevel mixed‐effects binary logistic regression model adjusted for individual‐level factors, household‐level factors, and community‐level factors. Results Among the sample, 2.7% reported severe disability and 19.2% moderate disabilities, with vision‐related disabilities (12.2%) being the most prevalent, followed by cognitive (9.5%) and walking disabilities (8.2%). Overall, 4% reported using inappropriate materials for menstrual flow, rising to 8.0% among those with severe disabilities and 5.8% for moderate disabilities. Women with moderate to severe disabilities had 33%–47% lower odds of using appropriate materials and 34%–44% lower odds of having a private place to change at home. Additionally, women with severe disabilities were 1.66 times more likely to report that menstruation impacted their social activities. Conclusion Women with disabilities in Bangladesh face significant barriers to effective MHM. Addressing these issues requires targeted interventions, including disability‐inclusive menstrual health education, improved access to menstrual products and sanitation facilities, and community initiatives to reduce stigma.

Copyright of Akdeniz Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Akdeniz Universitesi Hukuk Fakultesi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Although access to sexual and reproductive health services is a human right, violations of the rights of women with disabilities in this aspect are frequent. However, there are no studies regarding gynaecological and obstetric violence that this population subgroup may face. This qualitative study is aimed at identifying and analysing the experiences of women with disabilities with regard to gynaecological and obstetric violence in Chile. Methods: From a feminist phenomenological paradigm of research, data were collected from March 2017 to December 2018. Women with disabilities (n = 18) were interviewed regarding their experiences. Data were analysed through thematic analysis. Results: The experiences of women with disabilities regarding gynaecological and obstetric violence fall under three central categories: (a) health inequity in communication, (b) objectification of girls' and women's bodies through practices, such as forced sterilisation, and (c) intimidation and discrimination related to maternity. Conclusions: Gynaecological and obstetric violence of women with disabilities is a present form of gender-based violence in Chile. Such instances occur systematically and persistently and lead to the dehumanisation of healthcare, an increase in health inequities, and the creation of particularly complex scenarios experienced by women with disabilities regarding access to sexual and reproductive healthcare. Policy Implications: It is necessary to promote research on gynaecological and obstetric violence faced by women with disabilities, take action against this form of gender-based violence, and improve access to sexual and reproductive services for this population. Specific recommendations aimed at the elimination of gynaecological and obstetric violence are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article applies the concept of stratified reproduction to analyse experiences of women with disabilities in Poland. Stratified reproduction – rewarding motherhood for some and disempowering others from being parents – and its relation to ableism is explored in a country context, where reproductive rights struggles are prevalent in the public sphere. Based on qualitative empirical research (in-depth semi-structured interviews and focus group interviews) with 50 women with disabilities, the article shows that women with disabilities are subjected to mechanisms of social control that limit their reproductive decision-making and discourage them from becoming parents. Social control is explored in the context of withdrawal of information about reproductive health and sexuality, navigating access and fear of custody deprivation based on ableist presumptions. The ambivalence between social expectations related to parenthood versus performing care work is explored. The analysis shows that women with disabilities navigate exclusionary norms and challenge understandings of who can become a parent and who can make decisions about who can become a parent. This article offers the concept of stratified reproduction to explain the structural inequalities experienced by women with disabilities with regard to reproduction, and highlights the importance of studying ableism as an essential factor within the reproductive realm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women with disabilities are two to three times more likely to experience violence than women without a disability and are less likely to disclose incidents of sexual violence and domestic abuse. In a typically patriarchal society like Cameroon, being a woman or girl with a disability increases the likelihood of gender-based violence -- a risk that has been further exacerbated by the ongoing socio-political crisis in the region. There is a misconception that women and girls with disabilities like their male counterparts are safe from sexual violence given the falsehood that it is an unusual and shameful occurrence to have sexual relations with a woman with a disability. These prevailing prejudices inspired this study to investigate the barriers that prevent women with disabilities from reporting sexual and domestic abuse. The case study design was used to conduct an in-depth content analysis of the situation of women with disability who had been abused. Nonprobability sampling resulted in a selection of 3 cases per disability type including vision, hearing, mobility, and psychosocial impairment types. Results show that there has been dead silence on abuse of women with disabilities due to social pressure, twists in the narrative to focus on blaming the victim, ignorance of what abuse is, and normalisation of abuse amongst other reasons. The study recommends the need to enhance attitudinal change through an integrated awareness strategy that includes both women and girls with disability and the perpetrators on the one hand, and society on the other with consistent capacity building for service providers on identification and pathways to managing women and girls who have been abused. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little research has been done on the best ways to apply these realizations to the training of women with disabilities. We created an intervention program called "Vocational Training Strategies" to close this gap by raising awareness of, encouraging contemplation on, and promoting the application of training strategies that are advantageous for disabled women in the workplace. In the present study, we employed a mixed-methods approach to investigate the effectiveness of an intervention program called "Vocational Training Strategies." This study involved 83 participants who were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. The study was designed to promote metacognitive knowledge and the use of effective learning strategies through three key components: awareness, reflection, and practice. The results showed that women with disabilities in the intervention group demonstrated significantly higher levels of metacognitive knowledge and self-reported use of effective training strategies compared to the control group. These findings support our two main hypotheses: that the study would lead to enhanced metacognitive knowledge and increased use of effective training strategies and developed the intention to change women with disabilities' training behavior and use more effective strategies. Some aspects identified will be of particular interest to researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. In this new study, the authors identify effective training strategies for women with disabilities. The program is based on awareness, reflection, and practice, which together promote metacognitive knowledge and skills that are essential for successful vocational training to empower women with disabilities in the labor market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this autoethnographic narrative, I reflect on my journey through vision loss and life with visual impairment, which comprises so much more than loss alone. "Outside Looking In" serves as a triple entendre. It signifies a reflection on the internal aspects of my lived experiences. It embodies the barriers that I often feel between me, other people, and activities as I navigate the gap between normal sight and full blindness. It is also an invitation to the reader to view, as an outsider, these reflections through my eyes. Drawing on trials encountered in personal, professional, and academic settings, I hope to evoke awareness of the challenges faced, and to inform recommendations for support and understanding while allowing individuals to maintain autonomy. The account that emerges highlights the shared experiences of another with vision loss and the areas in which they diverge while also detailing a personal journey from frustration to integration, identity reformation, and resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Iuris Stetinensis is the property of University of Szczecin Press / Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecinskiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background In low-income countries, women with disabilities have limited access to essential sexual and reproductive health services and are disadvantaged socioeconomically. Even though some studies have been conducted previously, there are scanty findings on contraceptive use and associated factors among women with disabilities. Thus, this systematic review aimed to assess contraceptive use and associated factors among women with disabilities of reproductive age in Ethiopia. Methods The Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses [PRISMA] guidance is used to conduct this systematic review. Data were searched from electronic databases: PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, and other relevant sources. Studies screening was done using Rayyan software. The findings were narratively synthesized using a socio-ecological framework for health promotion. Result Ten cross-sectional studies and 4436 women with disabilities of reproductive age were included in this review. According to this review, women with disabilities are less likely to use contraceptives, with a prevalence of 21.7% in Gondor City and 44.4% in Addis Ababa. The associated factors were identified and themed at individual, interpersonal, community, and institutional levels. Conclusion Overall, the review findings revealed that women with disabilities continue to encounter challenges ranging from individual level to disability-unfriendly health facility infrastructure or institutional level. Therefore, health professionals and other relevant stakeholders should draw attention to creating awareness towards contraceptive use at individual and interpersonal levels, ensuring accessible contraceptive services and disability-friendly health facilities.

The COVID-19 pandemic and concomitant measures to mitigate it have exacerbated pre-existing social inequalities and have proven to be major disruptive phenomena at both individual and community levels. People with disabilities and chronic illnesses have been some of the most drastically impacted social groups during the pandemic whose isolation and vulnerabilities have often been compounded in the wake of the massive social upheaval. Through an autoethnographic account of a woman with a physical disability in India who has also survived polio, heart disease, cancer and COVID-19, this article captures some of the complex and conflicting emotions and experiences of a life lived at the intersections of various embodied precarities and demonstrates how a social disaster can itself constitute a biographical disruption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior research has found that women with disabilities have often experienced disparities in receipt of cervical cancer screening. However, there is a research gap regarding receipt of cervical cancer screening by types of disability. This study examined the differences in receiving cervical cancer screening through self-reported Pap testing among women by disability type. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the 2016, 2018, and 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor and Surveillance System (BRFSS). The relative risk of cervical cancer screening through self-reported Pap tests received within the past three years among women aged 21–65 by disability type was compared using modified Poisson regression with robust error variance. A total of 307,142 women from across the USA were sampled. In every disability group, older women were significantly less likely to receive Pap tests than their counterparts without disabilities. Women with multiple disabilities (aRR=0.91; 95% CI, 0.89–0.94) and those with ambulatory disabilities (aRR=0.93; 95% CI, 0.91–0.97) reported being less likely to receive Pap tests than women with no disability. Ambulatory disability and multiple disabilities are associated with a lower likelihood of cervical cancer screening with Pap test, increasing the need to eliminate disability-specific disparities in Pap testing. Future efforts should focus on improving cancer education programs tailored to the needs of women with disabilities, addressing barriers related to mobility and access to healthcare services, and ensuring equitable access to preventive screenings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The awareness to fulfill the rights of people with disabilities (PWDs) in Indonesia has increased significantly recently. To address concerns regarding the rights of individuals with disabilities, Indonesia's two most prominent Islamic organizations (Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah) have released fatwas on Islam and disabilities. NU published Fiqih Penguatan Penyandang Disabilitas, while Muhammadiyah prepared its Fikih Difabel. Previous studies have neglected a critical area of intersection between Islamic law, women, and disability issues. This article explores the contribution of women with disabilities in formulating these fatwas and how they tackle problems relevant to women with disabilities. Based on textual analysis of those fatwa and field research, the paper argues that although women with disabilities have been involved in the drafting, their participation has been limited. Only a few were engaged in making NU's Fiqih Penguatan Penyandang Disabilitas; only limited types of disabilities were involved in Muhammadiyah's Fikih Difabel. As a result, this study found that the fatwas on the issues related to women with disabilities are comparatively less extensive. They leave room for developing a more women-friendly Fikih Difabel in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study analyzed the life circumstances of Pakistani women with disabilities (WWDs) in urban and rural areas using focus groups, interviews, and participant observation. The majority had mobility problems, with the remainder being deaf or visually impaired. The average age was 40, and 62% were single. 23% of participants graduated from school after 14 years, while 51% had jobs and earned money. Women with disabilities face physical and psychological barriers, including poverty, difficulty getting married, and limited opportunities for education and social connections. To improve their lives, participants suggested building knowledge, empowering themselves, raising public awareness, changing the built environment, and identifying allies. The study highlights the need for access to communities, education, and equitable opportunities for women worldwide, leading to self-sufficiency, improved health, and economic well-being. The bravery of Pakistani women with disabilities is a great example of the existence of this report. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is devoted to the influence of the United Nations, including the International Labour Organization and the Council of Europe, on the creation of standards in the area of protection of the rights of employees with disabilities. The aim of this article is to verify how much the standards of the International Labour Organization and the Council of Europe correlate with the each other in terms of the protection of employees with disabilities. The most important conventions and institutional systems involved in this are discussed. Focus is also given to the monitoring procedure for how Member States fulfil their commitments. This study employs the method of investigation of the law in force and the comparative method.

Although interest in the travel patterns and behavior of women is increasing in the field of transportation studies, there is a notable lack of discourse surrounding the travel behavior of women with disabilities. In fact, the current prevalence of disabilities among women exceeds that of men. Conversely, women with disabilities experience elevated levels of risk in transportation as a result of various circumstances, including budgetary constraints, safety and security concerns, and discriminatory practices. Conversations about the travel behavior exhibited by women with disabilities might contribute to developing appropriate transportation strategies and enhancing the productivity and mobility of women with disabilities. This study explored the behaviors of women with disabilities in DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. This was accomplished by examining the travel diaries of 12 participants for one week, followed by interviews. The findings indicate certain resemblances in travel behavior between women with disabilities and women in the general population. However, disparities are shown regarding trip chaining frequency, transportation modes utilized, and companionship during travels. This study also emphasizes the significance of advancing assistive technology in transportation to address the travel needs and barriers of women with disabilities. The aim is to enhance their independence, particularly while fulfilling significant domestic responsibilities and facilitating their engagement in the workforce.

This article reconstructs identity transformations that manifest themselves in the biographies of female activists with disabilities. The empirical material was collected through autobiographical narrative interviews. The author identifies key stages and turning points for these identity transformations. She also analyzes the role of significant others in the process of identity transformations and becoming an activist. The analysis of narratives of women with congenital disabilities demonstrates that the incorporation of disability as an element of individual self-definition is an important factor contributing to identity transformations. In the analyzed narratives, disability represents a biographical resource and, like identity, is processual in nature. Although it accompanies the individual from birth, it undergoes rein­terpretations at different stages of life.

Abstract Background Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a prevalent form of gender-based violence affecting one in three women globally. It is also a preventable cause of ill-health, disability, and death. Current research suggests that women with disabilities are at a significantly higher risk of experiencing violence throughout their lifetime. They are almost twice as likely to experience violence compared to men with disabilities or men and women without disabilities. Additionally, they experience higher rates of all types of violence. This increased vulnerability may be due to factors related to disability such as dependence on others for support, mistrust, and social and physical isolation. Although there is existing research on IPV against women in general, there is limited knowledge on IPV against women with disabilities. To address this gap in knowledge, this study aimed to explore women with disabilities’ perceptions and experiences of being victims/survivors of IPV in Sweden. Methods This was a qualitative study conducted through in-depth interviews with eleven women with disabilities. The participants were aged eighteen years upwards. The collected data was analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis with a constructivist epistemological standpoint. Results We developed four themes. Theme one: “multiple abuse by multiple abusers, over time,” describes the participants’ experiences of various types of violence from different perpetrators for prolonged periods. Theme two: “psychological abuse—harmful, but neglected and difficult to prove,” explains how women with disabilities’ perceive psychological abuse as harmful, but not given the same level of seriousness as physical violence. It also expresses the difficulties they encountered in providing tangible evidence to prove instances of psychological abuse. Theme three: “abuse does not end with separation,” highlights how abuse can continue beyond separation/divorce. Theme four: “surviving abusive relationships” describes the different and evolving ways the participants used to navigate their abusive relationships. Conclusions Women with disabilities face all forms of abuse. They find it challenging to prove psychological abuse, and the system is inadequate in addressing its harm. The abuse also continues after separation or divorce. The support system should consider the needs of women with disabilities who experience violence, both during and after the abusive relationship. Service providers should be better equipped to detect and handle all types of IPV, especially psychological abuse.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) problems among women with disabilities (WWD) in Chandigarh, India, and to ascertain the difficulties experienced by WWD in accessing hospital services. Methods: This cross‐sectional study was conducted during 2014 to 2017 in Chandigarh, India. The study participants were women 15 years and older with at least 40% disability. A pretested questionnaire and in‐depth interview were used to determine sociodemographic profile, medical history, sexual and reproductive morbidity, treatment‐seeking behavior, and the type, extent, and course of the disability. Verbatim responses of the participants were noted. Data were manually coded and collated into possible themes. Results: Postpolio residual paralysis (80; 30.7%) was the main reported disability, followed by severe sight impairment (52; 19.9%). A majority (170; 65%) of participants were unmarried. Of them, 66 (39%) were not willing to get married. The prevalence of SRH problems was high (151; 57.9%) among WWD, and only 82 (54%) took treatment. Dysmenorrhea (47; 31.1%), irregular periods (36; 23.8%), and vaginal discharge (17; 11.3%) were the main problems reported. The WWD in this study were likely to hide their SRH problems from others out of shame or fear. Conclusion: Among WWD, the prevalence of SRH problems is high and obtaining relief is difficult. Synopsis: Women with disabilities encounter many problems in obtaining relief from their sexual and reproductive health problems due to insensitivities from societal and health care providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Sino-Western Studies is the property of Sanovan Press, Nordic Forum of Sino-Western Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Anbar University for Law & Political Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

African disability activists and leaders play a key role in addressing the pervasive stigma, discrimination, and exclusion that is encountered by people with disability. An understanding of the leadership influences, styles, and priorities of female disability leaders may encourage and support the African disability movement and women's involvement in it. The current study undertook a series of in-depth interviews that explored the life stories and leadership experiences of seven female disability leaders from Tanzania, Ghana, and Kenya. Findings indicated that although the participants had experienced significant discrimination and pain as women with disability (WWD), they had been able to draw strength and conviction from their trauma and use their experiences to connect with other WWD. The participants described leadership as the service to others and they understood the importance of unity, hope, participatory leadership, and a commitment to a common goal and purpose. Through their leadership, they sought to empower individual WWD, as well as shape a united disability movement with a strong political voice. These findings demonstrate the importance of understanding the role women can play in disability leadership, serving as a hopeful reminder that trauma and marginalization can be reconceptualized as a source of strength and compassion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research background stems from the extensive opportunities provided by the internet, serving diverse interests within the community. The integration of new media in business has yielded significant results, bolstering the development of businesses within the community. This inclusivity extends to individuals with disabilities, particularly women, who possess the right to harness new media for creative self-development and empowerment. The research aims to: 1) comprehend how creative women with disabilities in Bandung perceive online marketing communication principles, 2) assess the ability of disabled women in Bandung to grasp online marketing communication applications, and 3) enhance the skills of disabled women in crafting creative messages for online marketing. The study employs a descriptive method with total sampling drawn from participants of social media marketing training. Data collection utilizes questionnaires, interviews, and references. The significance of entrepreneurship development training utilizing marketing communication applications for disabled women in Bandung is evident. The conclusion of this study indicate that the majority of learners comprehend the training content, albeit hindered by diverse disabilities such as blindness, deafness, and physical limitations. Consequently, a specialized approach is necessary to address these disparities. Furthermore, participants are equipped with supporting applications for content packaging and dissemination. This empowers them to navigate different digital media platforms adeptly. Communication prowess, attractive content, and design are paramount for conveying persuasive messages effectively. Participants' reported improved communication skills as a result of the training. However, those facing physical constraints encountered difficulties and required tailored training to accommodate their limitations. In summary, the research underscores the potential of online marketing communication education for women with disabilities. This empowers them to engage in entrepreneurial endeavors, fostering personal growth and community development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a widely consumed form of popular culture, cinema significantly influences individuals' perceptions of societal norms. Popular cinema possesses a significant ability to promote certain concepts as the epitome of excellence or desirability. This phenomenon is evident in the glorification of motherhood and traditional gender roles and the depiction of beauty standards in movies that can compel women to imitate and internalise them. As a result, popular cinema can considerably impact the attitudes and behaviours of individuals, particularly women. The present paper argues that Malayalam cinema, in particular, has contributed to the marginalisation of disabled women who do not conform to the able-bodied standards upheld by society. This study aims to investigate the representation of disabled women in popular Malayalam mainstream cinema of the twenty first century, focusing on three films: Meerayude Dukhavum Muthuvinte Swapnavum (2003), Akale (2004) and Bangalore Days (2014). This paper examines how disabled female characters in these films navigate internalised sociocultural ideals of femininity, gender roles, and other norms imposed by an able-bodied patriarchal society. Additionally, the paper seeks to explore the persistent struggle of disabled women with the institution of marriage during the first half of the twenty first century, in contrast to earlier eras, in its portrayal of disability and disabled women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION The research deals with a little-studied topic in Estonia: the experiences of women with impaired physical mobility (IPM) during pregnancy, childbirth, and in the postpartum period. Women with IPM, a vulnerable group, have a higher risk of complications and a higher probability of missing out on comprehensive maternity care. METHODS The method of the present research is qualitative. It is a case study of three women with IPM with whom semi-structured interviews were conducted. RESULTS It was found that women with IPM encountered several obstacles and problems during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period; despite this, women’s experiences with maternity care were mostly positive. Furthermore, there are several areas for improvement to ensure more comprehensive maternity care. Women with IPM need more support and help, and midwives are expected to have additional knowledge regarding the specifics or limitations resulting from mobility impairments. CONCLUSIONS In the future, the topic needs greater attention and improvement in the Estonian context to ensure more comprehensive maternity care for women with IPM. It is important to provide midwives the knowledge and skills to assist women with IPM during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]