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The spectroscopic characteristics of rotating gliding arc (RGA) discharge, codriven by a magnetic field and tangential gas flow, have been investigated by optical emission spectroscopy. In argon gas, the electron density of the atmospheric RGA plasma was measured, while the vibrotatinoal temperatures were measured in nitrogen discharge. By simulating the spectral line profile determined by the joint effects of Lorentzian (Stark, van der Waals, and natural) and Gaussian (Doppler and instrumental) broadening, the \vphantom AA electron density fluctuated in the range of 1.32\times 10^15 – 4.56\times 10^15 cm ^-3 and 4.06\times 10^15 – 5.74\times 10^15 cm ^-3 within the variation of argon flow rate and applied voltage, respectively. The rotational temperature in N2 discharge was obtained by comparing the modeled optical emission spectrum with the experimental measurements. The vibrational temperature was derived from a Boltzmann plot by analyzing \vphantom AA the spectral bands of the second positive system of N2 ( \textC^3\Pi u \to B^3\Pi g ). The vibrational and rotational temperatures varied in the range of 0.1–0.13 eV and 0.42–0.44 eV, respectively, under the same operating condition, indicating that the RGA discharge is a nonequilibrium plasma. By analyzing the fundamental spectroscopic parameters of the discharge, a comprehensive understanding of RGA plasma was achieved, facilitating its application in practical industry processes. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]