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For the characteristics of channel instability in wireless sensor networks, this paper proposes an intrusion detection algorithm based on FedAvg (federated averaging) and XGBoost (extreme gradient boosting) wireless sensor networks using fog computing architecture. First, the network edge is extended by introducing fog computing nodes to reduce the communication delay. It reduces the transmission bandwidth and privacy leakage risk while improving the accuracy of jointly learned global and local models. Then, the histogram-based approximation calculation method is improved to adapt to the unbalanced data characteristics of wireless sensor networks. Finally, by introducing TOP-K gradient selection, the number of model parameter uploads is minimized, and the efficiency of model parameter interaction is improved. The experimental results show that this algorithm has superior detection performance and low energy consumption. It is also compared with other algorithms to demonstrate the high detection rate and low computational complexity of this algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emerging peroxidase (POD)-like nanozymes have been exploited to construct biosensors towards biomolecular detection. However, the enzymatic activity, sensing mechanism and detection method of the biosensors towards ascorbic acid (AA) analysis are still challenging research topics. Herein, a novel scandium-MOF (Sc-MOF) nanozyme is synthesized via a wet-chemical method. An efficient AA biosensor is developed owing to the POD-like characteristics of the Sc-MOF. The Sc-MOF nanozyme can convert hydrogen peroxide into hydroxyl radicals. Afterwards, colorless 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) is converted into blue oxidized TMB by hydroxyl radicals. The Michaelis–Menten constants of the Sc-MOF nanozyme (Km = 0.013 mM for TMB and 0.246 mM for H2O2) are obviously superior to those of horseradish peroxidase. The AA concentration can be determined by putting forward a colorimetric method and an absorbance turn-off mechanism. The linear range of the Sc-MOF based colorimetric method is 0.2–20 μM. The limit of detection is 0.174 μM. The AA detection also demonstrates superior specificity and anti-interference features. Furthermore, the Sc-MOF-based biosensors are applied to qualitative and quantitative AA detection in human serum. The Sc-MOF nanozyme can inspire researchers to develop novel transition metal based biological enzymes and expand their applications in enzymatic biochemical reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanozymes have been emerging as substitutes for natural enzymes to construct biosensors towards biomolecular detection. However, the detection of glutathione (GSH) by nanozyme-based biosensors still remains a great challenge for research on catalytic activity enhancement and the detection mechanism. In this work, Sb-doped iron oxychloride (Sb-FeOCl) with a well-defined nanorod-like structure is prepared by high-temperature calcination. Sb-FeOCl nanorods have high peroxidase-like activity, which can catalyze the decomposition of H2O2 into ·OH and then oxidize 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). In view of these intriguing observations, a reliable colorimetric method with a simple mixing and detection strategy is developed for the detection of GSH. The linear range of GSH detection is 1–36 μM. The detection limit of GSH reaches a low level of 0.495 μM (3σ/slope). The GSH sensing system also exhibits excellent specificity and anti-interference. Taking advantage of the advantages of the Sb-FeOCl nanorod-based biosensor, it can be used to quantitatively detect GSH levels in human serum. It can be anticipated that the Sb-FeOCl nanorods have broad prospects in the field of enzymatic biochemical reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the efficiency of medical multimedia information sharing, this paper combines cloud computing technology and SOA (service-oriented architecture) technology to build a medical multimedia information sharing system. Building a medical information sharing platform requires integrating information resources stored in information systems of medical institutions and nonmedical information systems related to medical information and forming a huge resource pool. It is important to mine and analyze the information resources in the resource pool to realize the sharing and interaction of medical information. To this end, this paper proposes a gain-adaptive control algorithm with online adjustable parameters and investigates the extension of the mutual entropy optimization algorithm in the control domain and its integrated processing capability in the process of medical multimedia information processing. In addition, this paper constructs a medical multimedia information sharing and collaboration platform with medical multimedia information sharing and telemedicine as the core and verifies the effectiveness of the platform through experiments. The simulation results and comparison results with other systems prove that the system in this paper can realize fast data processing, retrieve and analyze massive data, and meet the demand of remote intelligent diagnosis under the premise of safety and stability. Meanwhile, the system in this paper can help hospitals achieve fast and accurate diagnosis, which has strong theoretical and practical values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existence of pesticide residues in the hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere can cause acute or chronic diseases and deteriorate the environment. Therefore, efficient detection of pesticide residues is of great significance to prevent food poisoning, control food pollution, and protect human lives by recognizing their distribution and concentration. Herein, a novel smartphone-coupled three-layered paper-based microfluidic chip is proposed as a facile platform to detect the pesticides. The stereoscopic capillary-driven fluid transport is enabled by the three-layered microfluidic chip configuration. The detection mechanism is based on the enzyme inhibition reaction and the chromatic reaction. The detection results are obtained by a smartphone and figured out by colorimetric quantitative analysis. Taking advantages of the above merits, we demonstrate the utilization of this smartphone-coupled three-layered paper-based microfluidic chip for the effective analysis of typical pesticides (profenofo and methomyl). The linear ranges of profenofo and methomyl are 0.27–2.1 μmol L−1 and 0.14–1.85 μmol L−1, respectively. The corresponding limits of detection in the chips are 55 nM and 34 nM, respectively. The paper-based chips are also highly cost-effective with a total cost of 0.082 ¥ per piece. It can be anticipated that this technique will open new avenues for the mass fabrication of paper-based microfluidic chips and provide state-of-the-art methods in the field of analytical chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are expressed not only in immune cells but also in a variety of tumor cells. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the TLRs' promoter or the 3′ untranslated region may affect gene expression by affecting the activity of the promoter or regulating the binding of mRNA to miRNA. This study aimed to investigate the association of the SNPs in TLR genes with the susceptibility to NSCLC. This case-control study involved 700 lung cancer patients and 700 healthy controls. All individuals were genotyped for all selected SNPs in TLR genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. The association of genetic variations in TLRs with the susceptibility to NSCLC was evaluated by unconditional logistic regression with OR (95% CI). After evaluating transcriptional factor or miRNA binding capability by bioinformatics methods, six TLRs were identified for further analysis. We did not find that TLR3 rs5743303, TLR4 rs1927914, TLR4 rs11536891, TLR5 rs1640816, and TLR7 rs3853839 were associated with NSCLC risk (P > 0.05). Our data showed that TLR4 rs7869402 C > T polymorphism reduced the risk of NSCLC with OR (95% CI) of 0.63 (0.45–0.89). When stratified by gender and age, the individuals carrying at least one rs7869402T allele significantly decreased the NSCLC risk among males (OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.38–0.87) and among youngsters (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.27–0.69). Smoking stratification analysis showed that the rs7869402T allele-containing genotype reduced the risk of NSCLC with OR (95% CI) of 0.50 (0.29–0.87) among smokers but not among nonsmokers (P > 0.05). When the individuals were classed by the pathological type, we found that the rs7869402T-containing genotype was associated with the risk of adenocarcinoma (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.41–0.92) but not with that of squamous cell carcinoma (OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.44–1.13) and other types (OR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.03–1.70). Compared with the TLR4 Ars1927914-Crs7869402-Trs11536891 haplotype, the Grs1927914-Trs7869402-Trs11536891 haplotype was associated with a decreased risk for developing NSCLC with OR (95% CI) of 0.57 (0.41–0.80). These results indicated that the TLR4 rs7869402 variation affects the genetic susceptibility to NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Expression of concern for 'Novel scandium-MOF nanocrystals as peroxidase-mimicking nanozymes for highly sensitive colorimetric detection of ascorbic acid in human serum' by Yiqian Su et al., CrystEngComm, 2023, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ce01023b. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In flowering plants, developing embryos reside in maternal sporophytes. It is known that maternal generation influences the development of next-generation embryos; however, little is known about the signaling components in the process. Previously, we demonstrated that Arabidopsis mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MPK6) and MPK3 play critical roles in plant reproduction. In addition, we noticed that a large fraction of seeds from mpk6 single-mutant plants showed a wrinkled seed coat or a burst-out embryo phenotype. Here, we report that these seed phenotypes can be traced back to defective embryogenesis. The defective embryos have shorter suspensors and reduced growth along the longitudinal axis. Furthermore, the cotyledons fail to bend over to progress to the bent-cotyledon stage. As a result of the uneven circumference along the axis, the seed coat wrinkles to develop raisin-like morphology after dehydration. In more severe cases, the embryo can be pushed out from the micropylar end, resulting in the burst-out embryo seed phenotype. Genetic analyses demonstrated that the defective embryogenesis of the mpk6 mutant is a maternal effect. Heterozygous or homozygous mpk6 embryos have defects only in mpk6 homozygous maternal plants, but not in wild-type or heterozygous maternal plants. The loss of function of MKK4/MKK5 also results in the same phenotypes, suggesting that MKK4/MKK5 might act upstream of MPK6 in this pathway. The maternal-mediated embryo defects are associated with changes in auxin activity maxima and PIN localization. In summary, this research demonstrates that the Arabidopsis MKK4/MKK5-MPK6 cascade is an important player in the maternal control of embryogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Sandwich structured thermal energy storage material constructed by encapsulating inorganic PCM gel in organic PCM gel is proposed. • The thermal energy storage gel makes full use of the advantages of inorganic PCM, organic PCM and gel materials. • The thermal energy storage gel possesses superior thermophysical properties and wearability. • The thermal energy storage gel is applied in wearable PTM to generate thermal comfort for human body. It is still a big challenge to develop state-of-art thermal energy storage materials based on phase-change materials (PCMs) with superior thermophysical properties and wearability for efficient advanced personal thermal management (PTM). A novel strategy for synthesizing thermal energy storage gel with sandwich structure by confining the inorganic PCM gel in the organic PCM gel was proposed to maximize the advantages of inorganic PCMs, organic PCMs and gel materials. Octadecane and sodium sulfate decahydrate were selected as the organic PCM and inorganic PCM, respectively to satisfy the requirements of the working temperature of PTM. The thermal energy storage gels with sandwich structure demonstrate superior thermophysical properties, such as the absence of supercooling (0 °C), high latent heat (158.65 J g−1), high form-stability (no leakage), high cyclic stability (200 cycles) and high economic benefits (4.85 × 10−3 ¥ J−1). Besides, they also have excellent wearability, such as high flexibility, self-healing feature and high biocompatibility. Due to the synergistic enhancement effect and various merits, the novel thermal energy storage gels are successfully utilized in the wearable PTM for human body thermal comfort. The inorganic–organic combination methodology is promising for the highly efficient applications of PCMs in the next-generation PTM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

WD repeat-containing protein 74 (WDR74) has been linked with the development of lung cancer. This study aims to investigate the relationship between WDR74 rs11231247 and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) susceptibility and the prognosis of NSCLC patients. UALCAN, MethPrimer, ensembl and Pancan meQTL databases were used for bioinformatics analysis. The case-control study included 462 NSCLC patients and 462 health controls. WDR74 rs11231247 genotype was determined by PCR-RFLP. Logistic regression model was used to calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for analyzing the association of WDR74 SNP with the risk of NSCLC. Log-rank test and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the effect of WDR74 genetic variation on the prognosis of NSCLC. Compared with normal tissues, WDR74 expression level was higher and methylation level was lower in LUAD tissues. There were two CpG islands presented in the promoter of WDR74. And rs11231247 was in the second CpG island. We then discovered that rs11231247 CC and CT were more likely modified by methylation. LUAD case-control study demonstrated that rs11231247 CC genotype was associated with NSCLC risk with OR (95% CI) of 5.29 (2.59–10.79). Stratified analysis showed that rs11231247 T > C polymorphism could increase NSCLC risk in younger subjects (age≤58) (OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.06–2.54, P = 0.027). Survival analysis and Cox regression analysis showed rs11231247 CC genotype contributed to a poor prognosis of NSCLC patients (MST=21, HR =2.09, 95% CI =1.17–3.75). WDR74 rs11231247 polymorphism affected the risk and prognosis of NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing evidence has shown that chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) serve a critical role in tumor progression. However, the roles of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 pseudogene 12 (CSPG4P12) remain to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the potential effects of CSPG4P12 on the physiological behaviors of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its underlying biological mechanism. The expression levels of CSPG4P12 in NSCLC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were analyzed using the gene expression profiling interactive analysis 2 database and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays were performed to measure cell proliferation. In addition, Transwell and wound healing assays were performed to assess cell invasion and migration. Cell adhesion was measured by cell-extracellular matrix adhesion assay. Hoechst 33342 staining assay was performed to detect nucleoli of apoptotic cells, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was utilized for apoptosis detection. Immunofluorescence and western blot assays were performed to measure the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins. The present results revealed that the expression levels of CSPG4P12 in NSCLC tissues were significantly lower compared with those in adjacent normal tissues. Overexpression of CSPG4P12 inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, migration and adhesion whilst promoting apoptosis. There were missing mitochondrial cristae and mitochondrial vacuoles in the CSPG4P12-overexpressed cells when observed under TEM. Overexpression of CSPG4P12 also increased the expression of Bax and p53, whereas it inhibited the expression of Bcl2. In conclusion, CSPG4P12 could inhibit NSCLC development and tumorigenesis by activating the p53/Bcl2/Bax mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The Ln-BTC·6H 2 O nanorods are prepared by the microfluidic method. The synthesis efficiency has been significantly improved. • MOFs nanorods with tunable emission wavelength can be prepared by adjusting the flow rate of multi-channel microreactor. • The excellent temperature response and cycling stability of Ln-BTC·6H 2 O powder its potential as a fluorescent temperature probe. Lanthanide metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) have been widely used in fluorescence sensing, bioimaging and light emitting diode due to their excellent optical properties. However, the preparation of Ln-MOFs is energy and time-consuming due to the constraints of the conventional wet chemical methods. In this paper, a synthetic strategy for the rapid preparation of Ln-MOFs nanorods with adjustable emission wavelength in a microchannel reactor is proposed. Compared with the wet chemical methods, the efficient mass and heat transfer capability of the microchannel shortens the reaction time from 12 h to 50 min. More importantly, Ln-MOFs nanorods with different emission wavelengths can be easily prepared by adjusting the flow rate of different components of the microchannel, which can be adjusted in real-time according to the preparation needs. The result shows that the Ln-MOFs prepared by microfluidic method is in the shape of nanorods with widely emission wavelength from 470 nm (blue light) to 615 nm (red light). In addition, the fluorescence emission intensity of Ln-MOFs is confirmed to have a wide reversible temperature (30–220 ℃) and is expected to be used for high-precision temperature sensing in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER) plays a prominent role in the removal of DNA adducts induced by platinum-based chemotherapy reagents. Cockayne syndrome protein B (CSB), the master sensor of TCR, is also involved in the platinum resistant. Let-7 and miR-29 binding sites are highly conserved in the proximal 3'UTR of CSB.Methods: We conducted immunohistochemisty to examine the expression of CSB in NSCLC. To determine whether let-7 family and miR-29 family directly interact with the putative target sites in the 3'UTR of CSB, we used luciferase reporter gene analysis. To detect the sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells to platinum-based drugs, CCK analysis and apoptosis analysis were performed.Results: We found that let-7 and miR-29 negatively regulate the expression of CSB by directly targeting to the 3'UTR of CSB. The endogenous CSB expression could be suppressed by let-7 and miR-29 in lung cancer cells. The suppression of CSB activity by endogenous let-7 and miR-29 can be robustly reversed by their sponges. Down-regulation of CSB induced apoptosis and increased the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to cisplatin and carboplatin drugs. Let-7 and miR-29 directly effect on cisplatin and carboplatin sensitivity in NSCLC.Conclusions: In conclusion, the platinum-based drug resistant of lung cancer cells may involve in the regulation of let-7 and miR-29 to CSB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15) is closely related to tumorigenesis and development. This study aimed to investigate the correlations between TNFSF15 polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility to lung cancer. Methods: This case-control study included 209 small cell lung cancer patients (SCLC), 340 non- small cell lung cancer patients (NSCLC) and 460 health controls. TNFSF15–638 A > G and − 358 T > C polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restrictive fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were estimated by unconditional logistic regression. Results: Our results showed that subjects carrying the TNFSF15–638GG genotype or -358CC genotype were more likely to develop SCLC (−638GG, OR = 1.84, 95%CI = 1.13–2.99; -358CC, OR = 2.44, 95%CI = 1.46–4.06), but not NSCLC (P > 0.05). In stratified analysis, −638GG genotype was related to SCLC among males (OR = 1.95, 95%CI = 1.09–3.45, P = 0.023) and older patients (OR = 2.93, 95%CI = 1.44–8.68, P = 0.006). However, -358CC genotype was associated with SCLC among females (OR = 8.42, 95%CI = 2.22–31.89, P = 0.002) and older subjects with OR (95%CI) of 11.04 (3.57–34.15) (P < 0.001). Moreover, TNFSF15 -358CC was linked with a higher risk of SCLC among non-smokers (OR = 2.54, 95%CI = 1.20–5.35, P = 0.015) but not among smokers (OR = 1.88, 95%CI = 0.92–3.84, P = 0.086). Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of TNFSF15 polymorphisms in the development of SCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extensive research revealed tremendous details about how plants sense pathogen effectors during effector-triggered immunity (ETI). However, less is known about downstream signaling events. In this report, we demonstrate that prolonged activation of MPK3 and MPK6, two Arabidopsis pathogen-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinases (MPKs), is essential to ETI mediated by both coiled coil-nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeats (CNLs) and toll/interleukin-1 receptor nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeats (TNLs) types of R proteins. MPK3/MK6 activation rapidly alters the expression of photosynthesis-related genes and inhibits photosynthesis, which promotes the accumulation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), two major reactive oxygen species (ROS), in chloroplasts under light. In the chemical-genetically rescued mpk3 mpk6 double mutants, ETI-induced photosynthetic inhibition and chloroplastic ROS accumulation are compromised, which correlates with delayed hypersensitive response (HR) cell death and compromised resistance. Furthermore, protection of chloroplasts by expressing a plastid-targeted cyanobacterial flavodoxin (pFLD) delays photosynthetic inhibition and compromises ETI. Collectively, this study highlights a critical role of MPK3/MPK6 in manipulating plant photosynthetic activities to promote ROS accumulation in chloroplasts and HR cell death, which contributes to the robustness of ETI. Furthermore, the dual functionality of MPK3/MPK6 cascade in promoting defense and inhibiting photosynthesis potentially allow it to orchestrate the trade-off between plant growth and defense in plant immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethylene, an important hormone in plant growth, development and response to environmental stimuli, is rapidly induced by mechanical injury or wounding. Although induction of ACS (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase) gene expression has been associated with this process, the detailed regulatory mechanism is unclear. Here, we report that the wounding-induced ethylene production is modulated by both mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and calcium-dependent protein kinase (CPK) pathway. Study using acs mutants demonstrated that four ACS isoforms, including ACS2, ACS6, ACS7 and ACS8, contribute to ethylene production in response to wounding. Loss-of-function analysis defines the role of MPK3 and MPK6, and their upstream MKK4 and MKK5, in wounding-induced ethylene production. They play an important role in the wounding-induced up-regulation of all four ACS genes expression. Independent of MAPK pathway, CPK5 and CPK6 are also involved in the wounding-induced ethylene production by regulating the expression of ACS2, ACS6 and ACS8 genes. Taken together, we demonstrate that two independent kinase signalling pathways, MPK3/MPK6 cascade and CPK5/CPK6, are involved in the wounding-induced ethylene biosynthesis via differential regulation of ACS genes at transcriptional level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A novel concept of self-healing IHSG with energy storage capacity is proposed. • The dynamic hydrogen bond and dynamic ionic bond enable the self-healing feature. • The IHSGs are applied in the wearable personal thermal management. Thermal comfort is of great significance to maintain the normal metabolism of life. Personal thermal management (PTM) that passively regulates the immediate environment around the human body is a promising alternative. In this work, we report a state-of-the-art concept of self-healing inorganic hydrated salt gels (IHSGs) constructed by ionic crosslinking, covalent crosslinking and hydrogen bond crosslinking for wearable PTM. Sodium sulfate decahydrate (SSD) is selected as the energy storage medium on account of its phase change temperature near the human body temperature. The calcium alginate and the sodium polyacrylate construct the double gel network to anchor the SSD. The dynamic hydrogen bond and the dynamic ionic bond enable the self-healing feature of the SSD IHSGs. The proposed SSD IHSGs with 4% borax, 0.1% sodium hexametaphosphate and 8% sodium polyacrylate demonstrate suppressed phase separation, eliminated supercooling, highly form-stability, high instinct thermal conductivity (0.80 Wm-1K−1), high energy storage capacity (147.14 Jg−1), high self-healing rate (94.3%) and highly cost-effectiveness (energy storage cost 2.44 × 10-3 ¥J−1). Taking advantages of the above merits, the IHSGs are applied in wearable PTM in the static and dynamic modes to meet the thermal comfort requirements. It is anticipated that the one-stop IHSG solution offers great prospect for the advanced wearable PTM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The transcriptome and metabolome profiling of anlotinib-treated colon cancer cells. • Anlotinib-related DEGs and DAMs are involved in protein and carbon metabolism. • Anlotinib may affect colon cancer cells by regulating amino acid metabolism. Mounting evidences suggested that anlotinib exhibits effective anti-tumor activity in various cancer types, such as lung cancer, glioblastoma and medullary thyroid cancer. However, its function in colon cancer remains to be further revealed. Colon cancer cells (HCT-116) were treated with or without anlotinib. Transcript and metabolite data were generated through RNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. The integrated analysis transcriptomics and metabolomics was conducted using R programs and online tools, including ClusterProfiler R program, GSEA, Prognoscan and Cytoscape. We found that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly involved in metabolic pathways and ribosome pathway. Structural maintenance of chromosome 3 (SMC3), Topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) and Glycogen phosphorylase B (PYGB) are the most significant DEGs which bring poor clinical prognosis in colon cancer. The analysis of metabolomics presented that most of the differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were amino acids, such as L-glutamine, DL-serine and aspartic acid. The joint analysis of DEGs and DAMs showed that they were mainly involved in protein digestion and absorption, ABC transporters, central carbon metabolism, choline metabolism and Gap junction. Anlotinib affected protein synthesis and energy supporting of colon cancer cells by regulating amino acid metabolism. Anlotinib has a significant effect on colon cancer in both transcriptome and metabolome. Our research will provide possible targets for colon cancer treatment using anlotinib. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This study explored the association of TLRs genetic variants with the risk of GC. • Two SNPs in 3′UTR of TLR4 were associated with decreased gastric cancer risk. • This study confirmed the joint effect of TLR4 SNPs can decreased gastric cancer risk. Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in China. It has been suggested that the genetic polymorphisms of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) might be in close relation to tumorigenesis and development of gastric cancer. In this study, we performed a case-control study to investigate the genetic polymorphisms of TLR3 , 4 , 5 , 7 with the genetic susceptibility of gastric cancer. TLRs gene polymorphisms in 471 gastric cancer (GC) patients and 471 healthy controls were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restrictive fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis or TaqMan assays. Odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were used to evaluate the association of TLR4 variants with the GC risk via unconditional logistic regression. Our results suggested that variant genotypes of TLR4 rs7869402 (OR = 0.61, 95%CI = 0.40–0.92, P = 0.02) and TLR4 rs7873784 (OR = 0.17, 95%CI = 0.09–0.33, P < 0.01) gene polymorphisms reduced the risk of GC. Stratified analysis showed that rs7869402 T-containing genotype significantly decreased the susceptibility of GC among females (OR = 0.38, 95%CI = 0.16–0.91, P = 0.03), older subjects (OR = 0.48, 95%CI = 0.26–0.87, P = 0.02), non-smokers (OR = 0.41, 95%CI = 0.23–0.71, P < 0.01) and non-drinkers (OR = 0.58, 95%CI = 0.30–0.78, P < 0.01). In case of rs7873784 polymorphism, C-containing genotype reduced the risk of GC among males (OR = 0.08, 95%CI = 0.03–0.21, P < 0.01), but not among females (OR = 0.53, 95%CI = 0.22–1.27, P = 0.15). As to the other four SNPs (TLR3 rs5743303, TLR4 rs1927914, TLR5 rs1640816 and TLR7 rs3853839), no significant correlations were found to be related to the risk of gastric carcinoma. Our research demonstrated the significance of TLRs polymorphisms in decreasing the risk of GC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]