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13. IESBU-Net: A Lightweight Skin Lesion Segmentation UNet with Inner-Module Extension and Skip-Connection Bridge

Author

Lu, Cunhao, Xu, Huahu, Wu, Minghong, Huang, Yuzhe, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Iliadis, Lazaros, editor, Papaleonidas, Antonios, editor, Angelov, Plamen, editor, and Jayne, Chrisina, editor

Published
2023
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20. Enhanced water affinity of histidine by transition metal ions

Author

Song, Yongshun, Zhan, Jing, Li, Minyue, Zhao, Hongwei, Shi, Guosheng, Wu, Minghong, and Fang, Haiping

Subjects
Physics - Biological Physics, Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

Transitional metal ions widely exist in biological environments and are crucial to many life-sustaining physiological processes. Recently, transition metal ion such as Cu$^{2+}$, Zn$^{2+}$, Ni$^{2+}$, have been shown can increase the solubilities of aromatic biomolecules. Comparing with Cu$^{2+}$, Zn$^{2+}$ shows less enhancement to the solubilities of biomolecules such as tryptophan (Trp). On the other hand, Zn$^{2+}$ has a higher concentration in human blood plasma and appears in protein the most among transition metal ions, clarifying whether Zn$^{2+}$ can enhance the solubilities of other aromatic amino acids is significantly important. Herein, we observed that the solubility of aromatic amino acid histidine (His) is greatly enhanced in ZnCl$_2$ solution. Based on first principle calculations, this enhancement of solubility is attributed to cation-$\pi$ interaction between His and Zn$^{2+}$. Our results here are of great importance for the bioavailability of aromatic drugs and provide new insights for the understanding of physiological functions of Zn$^{2+}$., Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures

Published
2020

28. Novel 2D CaCl crystals with metallicity, room-temperature ferromagnetism, heterojunction, piezoelectricity-like property, and monovalent calcium ions

Author

Zhang, Lei, Shi, Guosheng, Peng, Bingquan, Gao, Pengfei, Chen, Liang, Zhong, Ni, Mu, Liuhua, Zhang, Lijuan, Zhang, Peng, Gou, Lu, Zhao, Yimin, Liang, Shanshan, Jiang, Jie, Zhang, Zejun, Ren, Hongtao, Lei, Xiaoling, Yi, Ruobing, Qiu, Yinwei, Zhang, Yufeng, Liu, Xing, Wu, Minghong, Yan, Long, Duan, Chungang, Zhang, Shengli, and Fang, Haiping

Subjects
Chemical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics, Affordable and Clean Energy, 2D CaCl crystals, monovalent calcium ions, room-temperature ferromagnetism, heterojunction, coexistence of piezoelectricity-like property and metallicity, Crop and Pasture Production
Abstract

Under ambient conditions, the only known valence state of calcium ions is +2, and the corresponding crystals with calcium ions are insulating and nonferromagnetic. Here, using cryo-electron microscopy, we report direct observation of two-dimensional (2D) CaCl crystals on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) membranes, in which the calcium ions are only monovalent (i.e. +1). Remarkably, metallic rather than insulating properties are displayed by those CaCl crystals. More interestingly, room-temperature ferromagnetism, graphene-CaCl heterojunction, coexistence of piezoelectricity-like property and metallicity, as well as the distinct hydrogen storage and release capability of the CaCl crystals in rGO membranes are experimentally demonstrated. We note that such CaCl crystals are obtained by simply incubating rGO membranes in salt solutions below the saturated concentration, under ambient conditions. Theoretical studies suggest that the formation of those abnormal crystals is attributed to the strong cation-π interactions of the Ca cations with the aromatic rings in the graphene surfaces. The findings highlight the realistic potential applications of such abnormal CaCl material with unusual electronic properties in designing novel transistors and magnetic devices, hydrogen storage, catalyzers, high-performance conducting electrodes and sensors, with a size down to atomic scale.

Published
2021

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