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Objective To screen the potential pharmacological targets of Ningzhi capsule, a lipid-lowering traditional Chinese medicine, and explore its mechanism of effect. Methods The components and predicted targets of Ningzhi capsule′s constituent drugs were obtained from BATMAN-TCM database. Hyperlipidemia-related targets were obtained from DisGeNET and GeneCards databases. The Venny2.1.0 tool was used to map drug targets and disease targets to obtain common targets as potential pharmacological targets. Protein-protein interaction analysis (STRING), gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis (DAVID) were performed for the common targets. Finally, Swiss dock was used for molecular docking verification. Results A total of 1 432 predicted targets of Ningzhi capsule and 87 targets related to hyperlipidemia were found and 32 common targets were screened which covered 64 potential pharmacological ingredients of Ningzhi capsule. Potential pharmacological targets were most abundant for turmeric root-tuber, turmeric and cattail pollen, and potential pharmacological ingredients were most abundant for sickle senna seed, turmeric and turmeric root-tuber. Apolipoprotein E (APOE), nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARA) had the highest hyperlipidemia correlation scores and more protein interactions, which were potential core targets. The biological processes related to DNA transcription were significantly enriched. Cholesterol metabolism, cGMP-PKG and PPAR signaling pathways were involved with APOE, NOS3 and PPARA, respectively. Molecular docking showed good binding activity. Conclusions There are many potential pharmacological ingredients of Ningzhi capsule and the key components for lowering lipids include turmeric root-tuber, turmeric, cattail pollen and sickle senna seed. APOE, NOS3 and PPARA are believed to be the key targets for lowering lipids with potential mechanism related to cholesterol metabolism, cGMP-PKG and PPAR signaling pathways.

Objective To reform the teaching content of acupuncture and moxibustion for undergraduate of Nursing College and to evaluate the effectiveness of the teaching reform, so to provide constructive information for optimizing the curriculum. Methods To revise the teaching content of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) acupuncture course based on the results of previous questionnaires, including reducing boring theoretical knowledge, increasing commonly used acupuncture techniques and clinical case analysis, organizing all undergraduates attending the TCM teaching in the Nursing College of Peking Union Medical College to fill out the “Acupuncture Course Content Questionnaire”in 2023. The content covers four aspects: students' basic cognition of acupuncture and moxibustion before the course, students' learning feedback,students'learning effectiveness after the course and students' suggestions for further optimization of acupuncture and moxibustion course. Results Totally 149 students participated in the questionnaire survey and 73.15% of them were interested in the acupuncture course. There were 62.42% of the students thought that the most difficult part of the course was the “Acupuncture Points”, and 71.81% of them complained the most constraining factor to the learning effectiveness was the difficulty of memorizing the meridians and acupoints. The most interesting part of the course was “Overview of Acupuncture Treatment and Acupuncture Treatment of Common Diseases”, which accounted for 44.3% of the students. Through the study, 88.59% of the students were willing to recommend acupuncture treatment to patients with indications.Students' suggestions for improvement of the acupuncture course was increase of classroom practice or learning by observation of operation videos. Conclusions The reformed acupuncture course highlights the practicability, improves the learning interest and subjective initiative, but the training of practice skill still needs to be strengthened.

This paper considers a supply chain in which the risk‐averse manufacturer invests in carbon emission reduction (CER) technology and the risk‐averse retailer makes green sales efforts to reduce carbon footprint. The results show that when the information is symmetrical, the two‐part tariff contract can eliminate the double‐marginalization effect. Moreover, when the information is asymmetric, the manufacturer encourages retailer to report true market size and improve green sales effort by providing an incentive contract. This menu of contract ensures the manufacturer obtains more utilities with low carbon emissions. In addition, through the analysis of risk aversion coefficients, we find that under centralized decision, with the improvement of risk aversion awareness, both supply chain players will reduce the green efforts. However, under asymmetric information, compared with the manufacturer, the retailer's higher risk aversion will have an opposite effect on the equilibrium decision‐making, utilities, and carbon footprint of the supply chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers the cooperation strategies in an online selling low‐carbon supply chain (OSLCSC). To promote the end‐of‐season low‐carbon product, the manufacturer in OSLCSC establishes a promotional online retailing channel based on a co‐operative agency sales format. Three possible collaboration strategies are considered. We examine the final cooperative equilibrium and find that from an environmental perspective, cooperation between the retailer and manufacturer can always promote ecological benefits. But from an economic perspective, the retailer and manufacturer will cooperate when the revenue‐sharing rate is high. In contrast, the retailer and manufacturer are always an incentive to partner with the platform. Furthermore, all the OSLCSC players could achieve a Pareto optimal in the three cooperation strategies under certain conditions. Additionally, we reveal that a high revenue‐sharing rate makes the retailer more beneficial when OSLCSC players do not cooperate. Lastly, we obtain that each cooperative strategy may be the ultimate equilibrium, depending mainly on the revenue‐sharing rate and customers' evaluation ratio of the online direct sales channel over online retailing channel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The large-scale integration of renewable energy into the grid has led to a gradual diversification of power generation trading units on the power-side, with varying operational characteristics, costs, and trading needs among diverse power generation trading units. Traditional power system clearing models face challenges. Block order is a bidding type that allows for multiple volume–price combinations. At the same time, the randomness and volatility of renewable energy poses challenges to the safe and stable operation of the system. Building a power system clearing model that meets the diverse and flexible needs of the power system has become an important consideration. Therefore, this paper considers the design of three flexible energy blocks: a sustaining block, flux block, and adjustment block to meet the differential needs of diverse trading units and establishes a flexible block order clearing model. Secondly, it establishes a joint clearing model of electrical energy and frequency modulation (FM) to ensure the stable and reliable operation of the system, and solves the model based on relevant constraints to determine the winning electrical energy price and FM price. The CPLEX and Yalmip algorithms are used to solve the model. Finally, a case study was conducted based on an improved IEEE 14-bus system. The results showed that the model proposed in this paper can satisfy the differential needs of diverse trading units, effectively improve the renewable energy consumption capacity, and reduce the prices of the energy market and frequency modulation market. Also, the standard deviation of the net load of the system is relatively low, which improves the reliability of the power system's operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the dual background of energy economy and environmental protection, expanding the optimal decision-making of the low-carbon supply chain is significant to the energy manufacturing industry. This paper discusses the impact of low-carbon preference, price elasticity, and low-carbon research and development investment (LR & DI) on equilibrium decisions of a three-echelon supply chain system under the scenarios of market segments and fairness concerns. Firstly, it is found that the optimal price and yield are positively correlated with the counterparty's demand elasticity coefficient and sensitivity coefficient, and the supply chain profit is better under the decentralized decision of the retailer's fairness concerns. Secondly, there is a positive correlation between each member's interests and the degree of the manufacturer's fairness concern. While considering the retailer, the manufacturer is responsible for the supply chain income loss. Finally, because the optimal pricing and yield are positively correlated with consumers' low-carbon preference and LR & DI, manufacturers may optimize profits by raising LR & DI within a tolerable range. In addition, it is verified that the Stackelberg game optimizes the traditional model by a numerical example, providing theoretical support for decision-making in different scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper establishes a differential game model to explore the interaction strategies among the government and supply chain enterprises under carbon trading mechanism and subsidies. By applying the principle of optimal control, we obtain the optimal solutions of the government and supply chain players with different scenarios. Research findings indicate that without cost‐sharing, the decision types between enterprises do not affect the low‐carbon technology (LCT) innovation level and subsidies. However, with a cost‐sharing contract, the emissions strategies of the supply players are achieved Pareto optimal. Specially, for government regulation, only when the proportion of cost‐sharing between enterprises reaches a reasonable range can government regulation make the better effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]