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[Display omitted] • A series of chalcone skeleton were synthesized with high yield up to 97%. • The molecules were based on AIE + ESIPT stagey. • The compound could be used as "On-Off" probe for basic system. • The compound showed excellent selectivity and sensitivity for pH. • The compound exhibited low biotoxicity and stability in cell. A series of "turn off" pH fluorescence probes with chalcone skeleton for basic system have been developed. The molecules emitted bright yellow fluorescence under acidic condition, resulting AIE coupled ESIPT characteristic and ICT process. What's more, the compounds exhibited excellent sensitivity and selectivity for detecting pH as a facile "On-Off" fluorescence probe, and the fluorescence of them were quenched with the ESIPT process interrupted under alkaline condition. Theoretical calculation for the related compounds also performed to verify the electron effect on photophysical properties and confirm the rational speculation on the mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The clinical efficacy and safety of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) treatment for COVID-19 remain controversial. This study aimed to map the current status and gaps of available evidence, and conduct a meta-analysis to further investigate the benefit of IVIg in COVID-19 patients. Methods: Electronic databases were searched for systematic reviews/meta-analyses (SR/MAs), primary studies with control groups, reporting on the use of IVIg in patients with COVID-19. A random-effects meta-analysis with subgroup analyses regarding study design and patient disease severity was performed. Our outcomes of interest determined by the evidence mapping, were mortality, length of hospitalization (days), length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay (days), number of patients requiring mechanical ventilation, and adverse events. Results: We included 34 studies (12 SR/MAs, 8 prospective and 14 retrospective studies). A total of 5571 hospitalized patients were involved in 22 primary studies. Random-effects meta-analyses of very low to moderate evidence showed that there was little or no difference between IVIg and standard care or placebo in reducing mortality (relative risk [RR] 0.91; 95% CI 0.78–1.06; risk difference [RD] 3.3% fewer), length of hospital (mean difference [MD] 0.37; 95% CI − 2.56, 3.31) and ICU (MD 0.36; 95% CI − 0.81, 1.53) stays, mechanical ventilation use (RR 0.92; 95% CI 0.68–1.24; RD 2.8% fewer), and adverse events (RR 0.98; 95% CI 0.84–1.14; RD 0.5% fewer) of patients with COVID-19. Sensitivity analysis using a fixed-effects model indicated that IVIg may reduce mortality (RR 0.76; 95% CI 0.60–0.97), and increase length of hospital stay (MD 0.68; 95% CI 0.09–1.28). Conclusion: Very low to moderate certainty of evidence indicated IVIg may not improve the clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Given the discrepancy between the random- and fixed-effects model results, further large-scale and well-designed RCTs are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have developed a new ratiometric fluorescence probe that was constructed by dansyl and rhodamine mimic and based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) platform. The probe could fast monitor trace water in organic solvents with high sensitivity and reversibility. To the best of our knowledge, this is a first ratiometric fluorescence probe based on organic small molecule for trace water in organic solvents. Moreover, test strips were made and used to detect water in organic solvents easily. In addition, Gibbs free energy in different solvents was calculated. Image 1 • A ratiometric fluorescence probe (DRY) based on FRET mechanism is designed. • DRY has a high selectivity, sensitivity for trace water in organic solvents. • DRY showed satisfactory analytical performance in terms of reversibility. • The effect of water on DRY was explained by theoretical calculation method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The mental health of healthcare workers during the coronavirus-2019 pandemic was seriously affected, and the risk of mental health problems was high. The present study sought to systematically evaluate the mental health problems of healthcare workers worldwide during the pandemic and to determine the latest global frequency of COVID-19 associated mental health problems. Methods: Data in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, Elsevier, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO and the Web of Science before November 11, 2022, were systematically searched. Cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies were included. The meta-analysis used a random effects model to synthesize the comprehensive prevalence rate of mental health problems. Subgroup analyses were performed based on time of data collection; whether the country was or was not developed; continent; doctors and nurses; doctors/nurses vs. other healthcare workers; and psychological evaluation scale. Results: A total of 161 studies were included, including 341,014 healthcare workers worldwide, with women accounting for 82.8%. Occupationally, 16.2% of the healthcare workers were doctors, 63.6% were nurses and 13.3% were other medical staff. During the pandemic, 47% (95% confidence interval [CI], 35–60%) of healthcare workers reported job burnout, 38% (95% CI, 35–41%) experienced anxiety, 34% (95% CI 30–38%) reported depression, 30% (95% CI, 29–31%) had acute stress disorder, and 26% (95% CI, 21–31%) had post-traumatic stress disorder. Conclusions: The study found that there were common mental health problems among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most common was job burnout, followed by anxiety, depression, acute stress and post-traumatic stress disorder. Although the global pandemic has been brought under control, its long-term impact on the mental health of healthcare workers cannot be ignored. Additional research is required to develop measures to prevent, monitor and treat psychological disorders among healthcare workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two ratiometric fluorescence probes, RMC and RMD, were synthesized for detecting HSO 3 − in test tube and living cells. Probe RMC based on FRET mechanism exhibited excellent ratiometric signals, high sensitivity (1.08 nM), outstanding selectivity, fast response (within 22 s) to HSO 3 − in physiological pH. The satisfactory performance of RMC in cell imaging suggested that it could be applied to monitor endogenous and intracellular bisulfite with minimal cytotoxicity and excellent photostability. More importantly, probe RMC realized targeting for lipid droplets. In practice, probe RMC could be successfully applied to detect HSO 3 − in food sugar. Besides, cheap test strips were made and used handily for rapid and qualitative detection of HSO 3 − in water by naked eye as well. Therefore, probe RMC could be a potential biological tool to explore the roles of HSO 3 − under different physiological and pathological conditions. [Display omitted] • Two ratiometric fluorescence probe RMC and RMD based on FRET for bisulfite were developed. • Probe RMC could reveal a response in 22 s toward HSO 3 − with high selectivity and sensitivity. • Probe RMC could target lipid droplets in living cells. • Probe RMC could detect HSO 3 − in sugar solution. • The test strips could be made handily for rapid and qualitative detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A kind of side-chain type anion exchange membranes (AEMs) with high ionic conductivity and good comprehensive stability was prepared via direct modification of commercial engineering plastic polyketone with diamines through Paal-Knorr reaction and quaternization reaction. It was found that the amount of diamine can effectively tune the microphase morphology and properties of the prepared quaternized functionalized-polyketone anion exchange membranes (QAFPK-AEMs). The tensile strength was increased from 18.6 MPa to 38.6 MPa, and the ion exchange capacity (IEC) was increased from 1.11 mmol/g to 2.71 mmol/g depending on the amount of added diamine. The QAFPK-1-6-AEM with the IEC of 1.43 mmol/g showed the highest hydroxide conductivity of 65 mS/cm at 25 °C and 96.8 mS/cm at 80 °C. The high ionic conductivity was achieved through the establishment of effective ionic channels, and it maintained 70% of the initial ionic conductivity after the 192 h treatment in 2 mol/L KOH (aq) at 80 °C. Moreover, a peak power density of 129 mW/cm2 was achieved when the assembled single cell with QAFPK-1-6-AEM was operated at 50 °C. Thus, the prepared QAFPK-AEMs showed great potential applications for the anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]