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Objective To analyze the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) among residents in Shenzhen and explore its relationship with different obesity statuses, to provide data support for understanding the prevalence of PAD in China and a basis for formulating prevention and control policies to prevent PAD. Methods From April 2021 to December 2021, a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select permanent residents aged 18 years or older from 54 community neighborhood committees in Shenzhen as the study population. Data were collected using questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. A generalized additive model was fitted and plotted using the R package, and logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between different obesity status groups and PAD. Results Among the 6 230 study subjects, the prevalence of PAD in the study population was 6.21%, and the prevalence of PAD increased with age, with the lowest rate of 4.67% in the 18-<25 age group and the highest rate of 33.33% in the ≥85 age group. In addition, the prevalence of PAD increased with increasing body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference. Analysis of multifactorial logistic regression models showed that both overall obesity (OO) classified by BMI and central obesity (CO) classified by waist circumference may increase the risk of PAD (OO statistic value OR=2.63, 95%CI: 1.97-3.50; CO statistic value OR=2.32, 95%CI:1.79-2.99). When combining BMI and waist circumference classification, compared to those who were neither OO nor CO, individuals who were both OO and CO had a significantly higher risk of PAD (OR=2.61, 95%CI: 1.99-3.44). Conclusions The prevalence of PAD among adults in Shenzhen is not optimistic, and the elderly need additional attention. Both OO based on BMI and CO based on waist circumference are independent risk factors for PAD. The joint use of BMI and waist circumference grouping helps to better classify and manage people at risk of PAD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amphibians and reptiles, especially the critically endangered Chinese alligators, are vulnerable to climate change. Historically, the decline in suitable habitats and fragmentation has restricted the distribution of Chinese alligators to a small area in southeast Anhui Province in China. However, the effects of climate change on range‐restricted Chinese alligator habitats are largely unknown. We aimed to predict current and future (2050s and 2070s) Chinese alligator distribution and identify priority conservation areas under climate change. We employed species distribution models, barycenter migration analyses, and the Marxian model to assess current and future Chinese alligator distribution and identify priority conservation areas under climate change. The results showed that the lowest temperature and rainfall seasonality in the coldest month were the two most important factors affecting the distribution of Chinese alligators. Future predictions indicate a reduction (3.39%–98.41%) in suitable habitats and a westward shift in their distribution. Further, the study emphasizes that suitable habitats for Chinese alligators are threatened by climate change. Despite the impact of the Anhui Chinese Alligator National Nature Reserve, protection gaps persist, with 78.27% of the area lacking priority protected area. Our study provides crucial data for Chinese alligator adaptation to climate change and underscores the need for improved conservation strategies. Future research should refine conservation efforts, consider individual plasticity, and address identified limitations to enhance the resilience of Chinese alligator populations in the face of ongoing climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gallbladder cancer is a high malignancy which is predisposed to invade adjacent organs and have lymph node metastasis. Gallbladder cancer is not sensitive to radiotherapy or chemotherapy with the worst prognosis among biliary tract cancers. At present, radical resection is the only possible method to cure gallbladder cancer. However, there are still many controversies about the surgical strategies, the extent of liver resection and lymph node dissection, and the treatment of incidental gallbladder cancer. In addition, under the background of the great success of immunotherapy and targeted therapy in a variety of solid tumors, it is also a question worthy of further considerations that whether the status of surgery in the treatment of advanced gallbladder cancer will be changed in the near future.

Mammalian DNA derived from invertebrates (iDNA), including blowfly iDNA, is an alternative tool to conventional camera trapping in assessing mammalian diversity. The method has been used in tropical mammal surveillance but no attempt has been made to compare the efficacy of blowfly iDNA and camera trapping for monitoring mammal diversity in subtropical forests. We compared the blowfly iDNA monitoring with camera trapping to assess mammal diversity in the subtropical Jiulongfeng Nature Reserve (JLF), China, over a one-month period. The camera traps captured 2508 animal photos of 11 species belonging to four orders, eight genera, and eight families, whereas the blowfly iDNA method successfully detected ten species from six orders, eight genera, and eight families in JLF. Both methods were complementing each other instead of competing due to the low overlaps of mammal species detected. Of the total number of mammal species listed in JLF's threatened list, 40% and 10% were detected through camera traps and blowfly iDNA methods, respectively. The estimated species richness curves indicated that combining camera traps and blowfly traps would increase the detection of mammal species. The strategy would significantly contribute to mammalian diversity surveillance and conservation programs in the tropical and subtropical forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background To estimate oncologic and functional outcomes for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) versus partial nephrectomy (PN) for tumors in a solitary kidney. Methods Nineteen patients with sporadic renal cell carcinoma in a solitary kidney were treated with RFA, and 21 patients were treated with PN between November 2008 and September 2015. Basic demographic information including age, gender, operative and pathological data, complications, renal function, oncological outcomes, was obtained for each patient. Statistical analysis was done to test for the correlation of clinical and pathological features, renal function outcomes, as well as oncological outcomes of RFA and PN. All statistical tests were 2-sided, and p-value