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Background With the acceleration of the aging process of the population and the change of the disease spectrum of residents, the prevalence of chronic diseases such as diabetes is increasing year by year. It is urgent to establish a wide coverage and efficient medical prevention integration mode. Most of the existing studies have focused on the demand for health management services and the influencing factors of service adoption, and few have identified and analyzed the demand for chronic disease healthcare and prevention integration services under digital technology. Objective To explore the demand of residents for medical and preventive integration services for diabetes in the context of digital health, and the impact of different service contents on the acceptance and satisfaction of service objects, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the public to improve the whole process and all-round medical and preventive integration services. Methods Combined with relevant research and practical work, 20 survey items on demand for diabetes medical and prevention integration services were established. From January to June 2023, convenient sampling method was used to survey diabetes patients and risk groups in Fujian Province, Guangdong Province and Yunnan Province, and 410 respondents' data were obtained. According to five demographic characteristics of gender, age, education level, residence type and medical insurance type, attribute classification analysis was carried out according to Kano model analysis method, to investigate the relationship between service demand of different attributes and residents' satisfaction, and then put forward the supply strategy of diabetes medical and prevention integration services. Results Residents with different demographic characteristics show common and individual differences in the demand for medical and preventive integration services for diabetes. Among them, the demand for services among people of different ages and educational levels is quite different. The demand for medical prevention integration services of diabetes prevention and treatment groups focuses on screening, prevention and treatment, but the relevant convenient services provided by the Internet and social media have nothing to do with user satisfaction. Conclusion The level of personalization of diabetes primary health care and prevention services should be improved to fully satisfy the needs of the service population for essential attributes such as "initial screening for diabetes and complications", improve the services for desired attributes such as "establishment of a full-cycle personal electronic health record", and enhance the services for charismatic attributes such as "risk prediction" and "remote health monitoring". It will also improve services with desired attributes such as the establishment of a full-cycle personal electronic health record, and enhance services with attractive attributes such as "risk prediction" and "remote health monitoring".

This study examines the challenges related to the storage and distribution of cabin materials on board during the construction of cruise ships. The construction process of cruise ships involves the assembly of various cabin materials, which are temporarily stored and transported in a complex deck environment with multiple obstacles. These processes can be viewed as location-routing problems (LRPs). However, existing solutions for LRPs do not account for the obstacles commonly encountered in deck environments. Therefore, this paper introduces a new variant of LRPs, termed as the BE-LRP (blocking environment location-routing problem). Initially, by considering the optimization objectives of minimizing the distribution distance and the number of vehicles required, the paper develops an optimization model for the location-routing of on-board materials while taking obstacles into consideration. Subsequently, a method for estimating blocked distances is proposed. This method utilizes Gaussian process regression to predict blocked distances and enables the rapid estimation of distances obstructed by obstacles between different destinations. Lastly, a hybrid obstacle blocking distance processing HO-NSGAII algorithm is formulated to address the BE-LRP. Experimental comparisons demonstrate that the distribution scheme derived from this research method does not necessitate modifications to the delivery distance when compared to the traditional NSGAII algorithm, and better aligns with the actual deck conditions. With an equivalent number of delivery vehicles, the scheme results in shorter delivery distances. The delivery distance can be reduced by 3–17% under varying circumstances. These findings are advantageous for enhancing the efficiency of cruise ship construction and mitigating the impact of warehousing and distribution on construction progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyper-heuristic algorithms are known for their flexibility and efficiency, making them suitable for solving engineering optimization problems with complex constraints. This paper introduces a self-learning hyper-heuristic algorithm based on a genetic algorithm (GA-SLHH) designed to tackle the logistics scheduling problem of prefabricated modular cabin units (PMCUs) in cruise ships. This problem can be regarded as a multi-objective fuzzy logistics collaborative scheduling problem. Hyper-heuristic algorithms effectively avoid the extensive evaluation and repair of infeasible solutions during the iterative process, which is a common issue in meta-heuristic algorithms. The GA-SLHH employs a genetic algorithm combined with a self-learning strategy as its high-level strategy (HLS), optimizing low-level heuristics (LLHs) while uncovering potential relationships between adjacent decision-making stages. LLHs utilize classic scheduling rules as solution support. Multiple sets of numerical experiments demonstrate that the GA-SLHH exhibits a stronger comprehensive optimization ability and stability when solving this problem. Finally, the validity of the GA-SLHH in addressing real-world decision-making issues in cruise ship manufacturing companies is validated through practical enterprise cases. The results of a practical enterprise case show that the scheme solved using the proposed GA-SLHH can reduce the transportation time by up to 37%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) has been reported to increase tissue ceramide and thereby mediate hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy)-induced glomerular nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, inflammation, and sclerosis. In the present study, we tested whether somatic podocyte-specific silencing of Smpd1 gene (mouse ASM gene code) attenuates hHcy-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and associated extracellular vesicle (EV) release in podocytes and thereby suppresses glomerular inflammatory response and injury. In vivo, somatic podocyte-specific Smpd1 gene silencing almost blocked hHcy-induced glomerular NLRP3 inflammasome activation in Podocre (podocyte-specific expression of cre recombinase) mice compared with control littermates. By nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), floxed Smpd1 shRNA transfection was found to abrogate hHcy-induced elevation of urinary EV excretion in Podocre mice. In addition, Smpd1 gene silencing in podocytes prevented hHcy-induced immune cell infiltration into glomeruli, proteinuria, and glomerular sclerosis in Podocre mice. Such protective effects of podocyte-specific Smpd1 gene silencing were mimicked by global knockout of Smpd1 gene in Smpd1−/− mice. On the contrary, podocyte-specific Smpd1 gene overexpression exaggerated hHcy-induced glomerular pathological changes in Smpd1trg/Podocre (podocyte-specific Smpd1 gene overexpression) mice, which were significantly attenuated by transfection of floxed Smpd1 shRNA. In cell studies, we also confirmed that Smpd1 gene knockout or silencing prevented homocysteine (Hcy)-induced elevation of EV release in the primary cultures of podocyte isolated from Smpd1−/− mice or podocytes of Podocre mice transfected with floxed Smpd1 shRNA compared with WT/WT podocytes. Smpd1 gene overexpression amplified Hcy-induced EV secretion from podocytes of Smpd1trg/Podocre mice, which was remarkably attenuated by transfection of floxed Smpd1 shRNA. Mechanistically, Hcy-induced elevation of EV release from podocytes was blocked by ASM inhibitor (amitriptyline, AMI), but not by NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors (MCC950 and glycyrrhizin, GLY). Super-resolution microscopy also showed that ASM inhibitor, but not NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors, prevented the inhibition of lysosome-multivesicular body interaction by Hcy in podocytes. Moreover, we found that podocyte-derived inflammatory EVs (released from podocytes treated with Hcy) induced podocyte injury, which was exaggerated by T cell coculture. Interstitial infusion of inflammatory EVs into renal cortex induced glomerular injury and immune cell infiltration. In conclusion, our findings suggest that ASM in podocytes plays a crucial role in the control of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and inflammatory EV release during hHcy and that the development of podocyte-specific ASM inhibition or Smpd1 gene silencing may be a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of hHcy-induced glomerular disease with minimized side effect. NEW & NOTEWORTHY: In the present study, we tested whether podocyte-specific silencing of Smpd1 gene attenuates hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy)-induced nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and associated inflammatory extracellular vesicle (EV) release in podocytes and thereby suppresses glomerular inflammatory response and injury. Our findings suggest that acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) in podocytes plays a crucial role in the control of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and inflammatory EV release during hHcy. Based on our findings, it is anticipated that the development of podocyte-specific ASM inhibition or Smpd1 gene silencing may be a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of hHcy-induced glomerular disease with minimized side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The defect area located by Faster R-CNN has weak edges. The area would be over-segmented or under-segmented if conventional segmentation algorithm is adopted. This paper made an analysis on precise threshold segmentation algorithm for workpiece defects based on Faster R-CNN location, reconstructing the localization area by morphological opening and closing reconstruction algorithm, processing the reconstructed image by Otsu′s dual threshold method, segmenting transformed images by maximum entropy threshold segmentation method, and finally measuring the area, perimeter and other parameters of the segmented defects. The research shows that the algorithm in this paper has higher segmentation ability regarding workpiece defects(crack, bubble and slag), compared to conventional algorithms. It not only can accurately segment objects with weak edges, but also can effectively remove the interference from the contour background to the segmentation.

La-doped RuO2–TiO2/Ti coating (TRL) and RuO2–TiO2/Ti coating (TR) were prepared by the sol–gel method and thermal treatment. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and polarization measurements in O2 and Cl2 evolution in H2SO4 and NaCl solution. The XRD analysis showed that in both TRL and TR, the particles of the synthesized coatings were of low crystallinity, and that they were mainly formed of two phases, rutile TiO2 and RuO2. SEM confirmed that the surface of TRL and TR coatings had a cracked mud appearance consisting of blocks separated by cracks. The morphology of the TRL coating shows irregular crack blocks, which increased the specific area greatly and provides more active sites. Polarization measurements indicate that the onset potential of chlorine evolution reaction for TRL coating was 1.08 VSCE, which is lower than the value of 1.12 VSCE registered for the TR coating. The onset potentials for oxygen evolution for the two coatings were similar. Cyclic voltammetry shows an improvement of the electrochemical capacity for the La-doped coatings.