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Results show that in Arabidopsis the signalling process is mediated by blue light sensing cryptochromes through C-terminus of the photoreceptor. Data indicate that the C-terminal domain is activated by blue light through a redox reaction catalyzed by a flavin bound to N-terminal domain of the photoreceptor.

The regulation of the exchange bias (EB) effect is of great significance to promote potential applications such as read heads in magnetic storage devices with more flexibility. In this study, epitaxial La0.7Sr0.3MnO3:NiO (LSMO:NiO) nanocomposite thin films with multilayer and columnar structures were deposited on SrTiO3 substrates by pulsed laser deposition, and the impact of microstructures on the EB effect was studied. The EB effect transforms from in-plane to out-of-plane by controlling the microstructure from the multilayer structure to the columnar structure. The strain state of NiO in the nanocomposite films varies with the microstructures. The results indicate that the interface strain-induced spin coupling reorientation dominates the redirection of the EB effect in the LSMO:NiO nanocomposite films. This provides a promising way to modulate the interfacial effects by utilizing the interface strain in the epitaxial nanocomposite films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many novel physical phenomena at the oxide heterointerfaces are expected due to the strong interfacial coupling of spin, orbit, charge and lattice degrees of freedom. Here we report a new interface phenomenon that is the interface-induced transition from a cluster glass state to a spin glass state in LaMnO3/BiFeO3 (LMO/BFO) heterostructures. The charge transfer from Mn ions to Fe ions described as Fe3+ + Mn3+→ Fe2+ + Mn4+ occurs at the interface region of LMO/BFO heterostructures; the LMO layer of a LMO/BFO heterostructure undergoes the out-of-plane tensile strain state, in contrast to the out-of-plane compressive strain state in the LMO films. The interface-induced transition from a cluster glass state to a spin glass state in LMO/BFO heterostructures can be attributed to the combined effects of interfacial charge transfer and strain effect. Our results demonstrate that the low temperature glassy magnetic state of manganites can be effectively manipulated through heterointerfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The thiazine dye methylene blue is widely used as a disinfectant and antidote in veterinary medicine. Here, we compared transcriptome differences in the liver of Anguilla japonica exposed to methylene blue using Illumina RNA sequencing technology. A total of 75,953,174 and 86,499,866 clean reads with an average length of 126 bp from control and treatment groups respectively. A total of 148,238 transcripts were assembled, with 62,152 components were assembled. Overall, 416,991 unigenes were checked against the National Center of Biotechnology Information, Non‐redundant, Cluster of Orthologous Groups (COG), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. Of these, 18,541 genes were judged to be differently expressed. The gene ontology (GO) terms “molecular function” and “biological process” were the most enriched in protein binding, followed by “ATP binding and regulation of transcription,” and “DNA‐dependent.” KEGG pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment of N‐glycan biosynthesis and the citrate cycle. This study determined that unigenes related to transmembrane transport and drug metabolism in A. japonica were differentially expressed following exposure to methylene blue. These findings can shed insight into the mechanism of methylene blue metabolism in this economically important species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel fuzzy proportional–integral (PI) control with fault ride‐through (FRT) capability is investigated for double fed induction generators (DFIGs), where an approximation error considered Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy observer is employed to approximate the non‐linear model of DFIG. Based on the obtained observer, a H2 controller with PI structure is used to achieve specified engineering purposes, such as maximum power point tracking and automatic voltage regulator. A H∞ controller is proposed to cope with the undetected disturbances in the H2 control, and a robust technique is also proposed to override the effect of approximation error due to the fuzzy approximation. Then, the controller design is formulated as a mixed H2/H∞ suboptimisation problem with the regional pole placement constrain, which can be solved easily by using linear matrix inequality technology. In order to further improve the FRT capability, a power angle compensator is proposed to reduce terminal voltage drop via limiting DFIG power angle jump during faults. The results of dominant eigenvalue analysis and simulation are presented and discussed, which shows the capabilities of DFIG with the proposed control strategy to improve system damping, fault‐tolerant control and FRT, and its contribution on power system transient stability support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]