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The Monkhorst–Pack scheme is a method to save time in the days of slow computers. It excludes umklapp phonons with significant consequences. Its widespread application to evaluate superconductivity arises from the desire to reduce phonon contributions to solve a historical difficulty of the BCS theory. An alternative method turns out to be more accurate in Pb and Pd.

High density Ba4Sm2Fe2Nb8O30 (BSFN) multiferroics ceramics with tetragonal tungsten bronze structure had been prepared by microwave sintering (MS) for 30min and conventional sintering (CS) methods for 4 h at 1275 °C. Single tungsten bronze phase and equiaxial grains are obtained for the MS BSFN ceramics, while a small amount secondary phase of SmNbO4 is observed in the CS BSFN ceramics with columnar grains. Compared to Ba4Sm2Fe2Nb8O30 ceramics prepared by CS method, enhanced dielectric, ferroelectric and magnetic properties are achieved for the MS BSFN ceramics. The values of electric polarization Pr and coercive electric field Ec are 2.11 μC/cm2 and 7.14 kV/cm for the MS BSFN ceramics, respectively. Meantime, the magnetic polarization Mr of 0.410emu/g and coercive magnetic field Hc of 2930Oe are also obtained for the MS BSFN ceramics. Based on the density, crystal structure, point defect and grain, the reasons of enhanced dielectric, ferroelectric and magnetic properties are discussed for the MS BSFN ceramics It is indicated that Ba4Sm2Fe2Nb8O30 is an intrinsic room temperature multiferroic materials.

Chemokine CXC ligand 12 (CXCL12)-chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) signal axis is involved in the regulation of liver injury repair and the occurrence and development of liver fibrosis. In case of acute and chronic liver injury, the expression of CXCL12 is up-regulated to collect CXCR4-positive immune cells to migrate to the liver. The CXCL12-CXCR4 pathway participates in the occurrence of liver fibrosis by promoting the activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells. The emergence of small molecule inhibitors of CXCR4 makes this receptor an attractive target for anti-fibrosis therapy. At present, CXCR4 has been tried as an anti-fibrosis treatment targets for fibrosis of various organs, including pulmonary fibrosis and chronic pancreatitis. However, some studies have shown that simply blocking the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis cannot improve liver fibrosis and even aggravate liver injury. In recent years, with the discovery and understanding of CXCR7, another receptor of CXCR12, the counteracting role of CXCR4-promoting fibrosis pathway and CXCR7-promoting regeneration pathway in liver regeneration and liver fibrosis has been interpreted. Therefore, a full understanding of the regulatory mechanism of CXCL12-CXCR4/CXCR7 pathway, the development of corresponding targeted therapy research for liver disease, and the rebalancing of CXCR4 and CXCR7 are expected to become a new strategy for the liver fibrosis therapy.趋化因子CXC配体12（CXCL12）-趋化因子CXC受体4（CXCR4）信号轴参与调控肝损伤修复和肝纤维化的发生与发展。急慢性肝损伤时，CXCL12表达上调，募集CXCR4阳性免疫细胞向肝脏迁移。CXCL12-CXCR4通路通过促进肝星状细胞的活化和增殖参与肝纤维化的发生。CXCR4小分子抑制剂的出现使该受体成为抗纤维化治疗的一个有吸引力的靶点。目前，CXCR4已经被尝试用于多种脏器纤维化包括肺纤维化、慢性胰腺炎等抗纤维化治疗的靶点。但是部分研究显示单纯阻断CXCL12/CXCR4轴并不能改善肝纤维化，甚至加重肝损伤。近年来随着CXCR12另一受体CXCR7的发现和认识，CXCR4促纤维化通路和CXCR7促再生通路在肝再生和肝纤维化中的相互制衡作用得以阐释。充分认识CXCL12-CXCR4/CXCR7通路在肝病中的调控机制，并据此开展靶向治疗研究，实现CXCR4和CXCR7的再平衡，有望成为肝纤维化治疗的新策略。.

A novel photochromic (PC) ferroelectric material, Nd3+-doped K0.5Na0.5NbO3 translucent ceramic, was fabricated by a conventional solid method. The ceramic shows moderate optical transparency due to its dense microstructure, as well as good photoluminescence (PL) properties of up-conversion (UC) emission in the visible region and down-shifting (DS) emission in the near-infrared region. Simultaneously, the colors of all the ceramics turn darker after 365 nm illumination, and then recover to their initial states upon thermal stimulus (210 °C, 10 min), exhibiting a typical PC phenomenon. In particular, the effect of the PC behavior on PL lifetimes of Nd3+ was investigated. Multi-mode reversible modulations of various optical behaviors were realized based on the PC behavior, especially for the regulation of near-infrared emission. And the maximum modulation ratios of transmittances, UC or DS PL intensities and luminescence lifetimes are 43.0%, 66.7%, 66.4% and 12.8%, respectively. Owing to high-temperature sintering and Nd3+ substitution in the ceramics, cation and oxygen vacancies appear to produce F′ and V1 color centers, which are in charge of the PC behavior and corresponding modulations. These results suggest that the ceramics are a promising PC material in visible and near-infrared optical data storage, photo-switches, and optoelectronic devices. Meanwhile, they also provide insights into the applications of rare-earth Nd3+ in other inorganic PC ferroelectric materials.

Er3+-doped xK0.5Na0.5NbO3-(1-x)Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.9Zr0.1O3 (x = 0.04, 0.05, 0.06 and 0.07) translucent ceramics have been first prepared by conventional pressureless sintering. Owing to the effective suppression of grain growth induced by both Er3+ and K0.5Na0.5NbO3, the ceramics possess dense and fine-grained microstructure. The XRD patterns demonstrate cubic-like phase structure with minimal optical anisotropy. The ceramics perform good photochormic (PC) properties under 407-nm light irradiation and superior reproducibility after heat treatment (200 °C, 5 min). And PC reaction is responsible for coloration and decoloration processes. The up-conversion photoluminescence before and after irradiation have been studied. With increasing the K0.5Na0.5NbO3 content or elevating the sintering temperature of the ceramics, the luminescent quenching degree (ΔRt) gradually increases. The color centers induced by irradiation can be reversibly created or eliminated, resulting in invertible luminescent modulations. This work can guide other multifunctional PC transparent ferroelectric materials for optoelectronic applications.

In this paper, cold sintering was served as a forming method to assist the conventional sintering, which is so-called cold sintering assisted sintering (CSAS) method. Lead-free K0.5Na0.5NbO3 piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by the CSAS method, and the effects of the different procedures on the sintering behaviors and electrical properties of KNN ceramics were studied. Compared with conventional sintering (CS), cold sintering process can induce potassium-rich phase on the KNN particle surface, and remarkably increase both the green and sintering density of KNN ceramics. Meanwhile, the potassium-rich phase would transform to K4Nb6O17 second phase on the grain surface, and subsequently suppress the volatilization of potassium element. The sinterability and electrical properties were greatly improved, and KNN piezoelectric ceramics with high performance can be manufactured in a wide sintering temperature range (1055 °C–1145 °C), which proves that CSAS has the potential to be an excellent sintering technique for producing KNN based ceramics.

In superconductors, scattered electrons cover the entire surface of the Fermi sphere (circle in the figure, valency = 3). In the MP scheme in the article concerned, the shaded wedge confines coverage, causing errors in results.

Background Currently, many laboratories have switched the traditional screening algorithm (TSA) to reverse screening algorithm (RSA) for the efficiencies in high-volume syphilis screening. However, confusions have been arisen regarding this paradigm shift. Objective To compare the performance of two algorithms with head-to-head mode. Methods Sera screening for syphilis were tested in parallel with chemiluminescence immunoassay (CIA) and toluidine red unheated serum test (TRUST). CIA-reactive sera from the RSA were reflexively tested with TRUST and confirmed with Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay (TPPA), while the TRUST-reactive serology from the TSA were afterwards tested with TPPA. Results A total of 110 663 serum samples were screened. The RSA identified 2259 (2.0%) CIA-reactive results, of which 377 (16.7%) showed TPPA nonreactive results, while the TSA identified 934 (0.8%) TRUST-reactive results, of which 67 (7.2%) showed TPPA-nonreactive results. Among the 2259 CIA-reactive results, 1392 (61.6%) were TRUST-nonreactive, of which 350 (25.1%) were TPPA-nonreactive. A total of 182 sera from the 350 TPPA-nonreactive sera were further tested by a second CIA (VITROS Syphilis TPA, VITROS TPA), of which 155 (85.2%) were nonreactive and 27 (14.8%) were reactive. The 27 VITROS TPA-reactive sera were further tested with a treponemal Western blot assay (Euroimmun IgG Western Blot, EuroWB), of which 11 (41%) were indeterminate, 6 (22%) were nonreactive and 10 (37%) were reactive. Among the 10 EuroWB-reactive sera, two seroconverted to TPPA 1:80+/- after 1-year follow-up. Of 867 CIA-reactive/TRUST-reactive results, 27 (3.1%) were TPPA-nonreactive. Conclusions The RSA identified more patients with reactive treponemal serology. However, it also yielded an increased likely false-reactive rate compared with the TSA, especially those results with low index values and TRUST-nonreactive serology, were necessary to retest with a second treponemal test. Further testing results with TPPA, VITROS TPA and EuroWB suggested the false-reactive CIA screening results and the likely false-nonreactive TPPA results when the reactive treponemal results screened with RSA were to be identified.

The lead-free Er3+-doped (K0.48Na0.48Li0.04)(Nb0.96Bi0.04)O3 (KNLNB-Er-x) ceramics were fabricated by conventional pressureless sintering. They possess a tetragonal perovskite phase with dense microstructure. High transmittances of the ceramics are obtained both in the visible and infrared regions. The optical band gap energies of them are 3.07–3.11 eV, close to other KNN-based materials. The relaxor-like characteristics, good dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics have been obtained. The up-conversion photoluminescence spectra have been studied and obvious color-tunable emissions have been observed by modulating temperature. The fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) value based on green emissions at 533 and 555 nm in the temperature ranging from 300 to 750 K have been investigated, giving the maximum sensitivity of ~ 0.0038 K−1. Furthermore, the FIR technique opens up a method to detect the Curie temperature of the ceramics. Owing to both optical and electrical properties, the KNLNB-Er-x transparent ceramics could be a promising candidate in the application of color-tunable solid-state lightings, optical temperature sensors, and electrical-optical coupling devices.

CuO hollow microspheres had been batch synthesized by a facile route of precipitating and annealing at 270 °C, which was derived from CuSO4·5H2O, Na2CO3 and CTAB. The morphology and structure of synthesized CuO powder were characterized by XRD, SEM, UV–Vis and BET. The formation mechanism of CuO hollow microspheres had been proposed based on the characterized structure and morphology. Firstly, the tiny Cu2(OH)2CO3 crystal strips are formed from CuSO4 and Na2CO3 aqueous solutions. Secondly, the tiny Cu2(OH)2CO3 crystal strips are assembled perpendicularly to the spherical CTA+ micelles surface due to the template of CTAB. Finally, the CuO hollow microspheres have been obtained due to the decomposition of Cu2(OH)2CO3 and burning of CTAB after annealing at 270 °C. High gas sensitivity to ethanol was achieved for the CuO hollow microspheres. The response of CuO hollow microspheres sensor is 5.6 to ethanol with the concentration of 400 ppm at 250 °C, and the responses/recover time is 17.0/11.9 s. Therefore, it indicates that the facile and batch route is a promising method to synthesize CuO hollow microspheres with excellent gas sensing properties.

Effect of 35BaO–35ZnO–30B2O3 (BZB) addition on the sintering behaviors, phase evolution and microwave dielectric properties of Ti-modified Ba3Ti5Nb6O28 (Ba3Ti5.1Nb5.9O27.95, BTNO) ceramics had been investigated. BZB addition effectively reduced the sintering temperature of BTNO from 1250 °C to about 900 °C. With increasing BZB addition, the crystal phase of the present ceramics changed from single phase Ba3Ti5Nb6O28 to mixing phases of Ba3Ti5Nb6O28 and Ba3Ti4Nb4O21. And the major phase gradually became from Ba3Ti5Nb6O28 to Ba3Ti4Nb4O21. Dielectric constant and temperature coefficient increased with the rising of BZB addition. But the Qf value gradually declined from 28000 to about 6000 GHz. The BTNO ceramics with 15% BZB addition exhibited excellent microwave dielectric properties as following: e = 46.3, Qf = 5887 GHz and τf = 35.5 ppm/°C, which was potential of candidate materials for LTCC application. And the variation of microwave dielectric properties had been also discussed with the phase and microstructure evolution.

2.5 mol% Ni2+-modified Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT–Ni-0.025) ceramic has been fabricated based on the sol–gel method. The BNT–Ni-0.025 ceramic possesses a rhombohedral perovskite structure with denser microstructure than that of pure BNT ceramic. The introduction of certain amount of Ni2+ (e.g. 2.5 mol%) in BNT can reduce the sintering temperature (50 °C lower), effectively suppress the grain growth, greatly decrease the dielectric loss and then produce multifunctionality. The BNT–Ni-0.025 ceramic also exhibits good ferroelectric properties with a large remanent polarization of ~26 μC/cm2. The observed weak ferromagnetism of the ceramic can be ascribed to the exchange interaction between free carriers (oxygen vacancy induced delocalized electrons) and the localized Ni2+ ions. Under the excitation of 370 nm, the BNT–Ni-0.025 ceramic shows broadband NIR luminescence centered at ~1480 nm from Ni2+ with long emission lifetime (28 µs), which can cover the optical communication window and be applied in broadband optical amplifiers. The multifunctional BNT–Ni-0.025 ceramic shows potentials in the application of optical–electrical–magnetic areas.

We aimed to identify a reliable biomarker for tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), the most common oral cancer with no established biomarkers, to predict prognosis and to select the optimal treatment.To investigate whether DAPT exhibited antitumor functions, CAL-27 and SCC-9 cells were treated with DAPT (5 µM or 10 µM) for different times. Further, qRT-PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression levels of lncRNA-KAT14 after treatment with DAPT or si-KAT14 and both combined. Moreover, the treated cells were cultured for different times to investigate their antitumor function. The Wound-healing and Transwell assay were carried out to evaluate the migration and invasion viability of cancer cells, respectively. Finally, the Western blots were performed to determine the expression of EMT-related proteins after transfection with si-KAT14 or treatment with DAPT to investigate the effects of DAPT on EMT-related proteins.Proliferation was inhibited after treatment with DAPT, and the expression of lncRNA-KAT14 was upregulated. To investigate the correlation of DAPT and lncRNA-KAT14 on the metastasis and invasion in tongue cancer, the following cellular processes were assessed: proliferation, invasion, and migration ability. The Western blots were used to determine the expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Snail, showing that DAPT or lncRNA-KAT14 suppressed all these processes, inducing a decreased expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Snail, and increased expression of E-cadherin, compared with the control group. Once transfection with si-KAT14 occurred, the evaluated cellular processes were enhanced, being this attenuated by the treatment with DAPT.Our results suggest that DAPT suppresses invasion and metastasis of tongue cancer by regulating lncRNA-KAT14.

The Wheeler equation, for electromagnetic disturbances in a gravitational field, was found by Fiziev to have exact solutions both above and below the event horizon, in the form of waves propagating both inwardly and outwardly. This observation can be interpreted and verified from the optical point of view, entirely on the basis of the Schwarzschild metric for length contraction and time dilation, in order to derive a differential version of Snell's law for the Schwarzschild black hole. It reveals interesting physics, including the correct amount of light deflection by the Sun, internal and external Oppenheimer-Snyder cones of the black hole, properties of its phonon sphere and the conclusion that light-rays are kept below the horizon by length contraction and time dilation rather than deflection., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer without the three markers, which has a poor prognosis than other types. Recently, studies have identified that microRNA-92b (miR-92b) acted as potential oncogene in tumor progression, however, the biological roles of miR-92b in TNBC remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the functions of miR-92b and verify its effect on the regulation of Gabra3 in TNBC.Dual-Luciferase reporter assay was recruited to confirm whether miR-92b directly binds to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of Gabra3 mRNA in TNBC. Transwell assay was employed to analyze the capacities of migration and invasion. Western blot was applied to evaluate the expression of the special proteins that including Gabra3, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and GAPDH.We demonstrated that miR-92b was remarkably low expressed in TNBC tissues and cell lines, and particularly in inhibiting the migration, invasion and EMT of TNBC cells. On the contrary, Gabra3 was significantly overexpressed in TNBC tissues and cell lines in comparison with the corresponding paracancerous tissues and the normal breast epithelial cell line. The expression of miR-92b had a negative correlation with the expression of Gabra3 in TNBC tissues. Downregulation of Gabra3 could inhibit the migration, invasion and EMT of TNBC cells. MiR-92b mediated the expression of Gabra3 through directly binding to the 3'-UTR of Gabra3 mRNA. In addition, low expression of miR-92b or overexpression of Gabra3 predicted poor prognosis of TNBC patients.MiR-92b inhibited the migration and invasion-mediated EMT through directly targeting the 3'-UTR of Gabra3 mRNA in triple negative breast cancer. The newly identified miR-92b/Gabra3 axis may make it to be a new target for clinical diagnosis and treatment of TNBC.

Abnormal liver function in pregnancy is a common clinical problem in the department of obstetrics and liver disease, but its severity can cause danger to the life of the mother and fetus. Therefore, the different cause of abnormal liver function in pregnancy should be assessed accurately in order to take early intervention measures. Moreover, it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate the situation of both mother and fetus to obtain the optimal treatment effect for abnormal liver function caused by different types of pregnancy-related liver diseases.妊娠期肝功能异常是产科和肝病科常见的临床问题，严重时可危及母体和胎儿的生命。应准确评估、区分引起妊娠期肝功能异常的病因，以便及早采取干预措施。对于不同类型妊娠期特有肝病所致的肝功能异常，需要综合评估母体和胎儿两方面的情况，以获得治疗效果的最优化。.

Snow lotus (Saussurea involucrata Kar. et Kir.) is a rare and beneficial traditional Chinese medicinal herb, growing in the mountains at heights of 4,000 to 4,300 m in the Tianshan and A'er Tai areas in China (2). Because of its very slow growth and exhaustive plant collection, the wild population has been listed as a protected plant by the Chinese government. In recent years, it has succeeded in artificial cultivation. Since 2010, severe powdery mildew infections were repeatedly observed on leaves of the plant of artificial cultivation in Urumqi, Xinjiang Autonomous Region of China. White superficial mycelia were present epiphyllously on both sides of the leaves as well as on young stems, forming a thin, irregular covering. Infections often cause leaf yellowing, reduced growth, and premature defoliation. On the basis of microscopic examination, the morphology of the fungus can be described as follows: Conidiophores emerged through leaf stomata, singly or branched, and form dimorphic conidia. Primary conidia are lanceolate with distinct apical points and 44 to 63 × 12 to 22 μm. Secondary conidia are ellipsoid to cylindrical and 41 to 59 × 12 to 20 μm. The germ tube has indistinct appressoria, is longer than conidia length, and arises from the subterminal region of conidia. These morphological features are typical of the anamorphic stage description of Leveillula taurica (Lév.) Arnaud (1). No ascomata were observed. Representative voucher specimens were deposited in the fungal herbarium of Xinjiang Agriculture University (HMACC 40731). To verify the identity of the fungus, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA was amplified and sequenced, and the sequences were deposited as GenBank Accession No. KC292212. Comparison with sequences in the GenBank database revealed that the ITS sequence showed 99% homology with the sequence of L. taurica on Helianthus sp. (AB044378) and Gundelia tournefortii (AB667874). Thus, the pathogen was identified as L. taurica on the basis of the morphological characters and the ITS sequence. Pathogenicity was confirmed through inoculation by gently pressing diseased leaves onto leaves of healthy potted plants. Three inoculated plants were kept under a plastic humid chamber, whereas the same number of non-inoculated plants served as the control. The plants were placed under natural conditions (25 to 28°C) with 80 to 90% humidity. At 5 days after inoculation, typical symptoms of powdery mildew developed on the inoculated plants. No symptoms were seen on the control plants. To our knowledge, this is the first record of L. taurica on S. involucrata in the world. Because the plant is becoming widely cultivated in the Urumqi for use as a Chinese medicinal herb, the occurrence of powdery mildew poses a potential threat to the health of snow lotus. References: (1) U. Braun. A Monograph of the Erysiphales (Powdery Mildews). Nova Hedwigia Beiheft 89:1, 1987. (2) L. G. Fu. China Plant Red Data Book - Rare and Endangered Plants, vol 1. Chinese Science Press, Beijing, 1992.

Effects of ZnO–B2O3 (ZB) addition on the densification, phase evolution and microwaves dielectric properties of Ba4Sm9.33Ti18O54 (BST) ceramics for low-temperature fired applications have been investigated. The sintering temperature of BST ceramics can be effectively lowered to about 1000°C with introduction of ZB. Tungsten bronze like single phase is observed in the BST ceramics with 0.5 and 1.0% ZB. However, Sm2Ti2O7 secondary phase appears when ZB addition reaches 2%, and Sm2Ti2O7 phase gradually increases with the increase ZB addition. Microwave dielectric properties of the present ceramics are strongly dependent on phase constitution and density. Optimal microwave dielectric properties of e = 63.4, Qf = 2830 GHz, τf =–8.8 ppm/°C is obtained for BST ceramics with 1% ZB addition.

The thermal barrier coatings of nanostructured and micrometre structured 8 wt-% yttria partially stabilised zirconia (8YSZ) were prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying on 316L stainless steel. The microstructure, phase composition, hardness, adhesion strength, friction wear, oxidation resistance and thermal shock behaviour of the as sprayed coatings were studied. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed that the phase composition of nanostructured 8YSZ coating was different from the powder. The wear resistance of nanostructured 8YSZ coating significantly increased compared with that of the micrometre structured coating. The hardness, adhesion strength and thermal shock lifetime of nanostructured 8YSZ coating is higher than that of the micrometre structured one. In addition, the antioxygenic property of the nanostructured 8YSZ coating was slightly better than that of the micrometre structured 8YSZ coating.

The deformation microstructures of nickel single crystals (99.945 wt.%) during dynamic plastic deformation and quasi-static compression to a true strain of 0.20 were comparatively investigated. The deformation microstructures are orientation dependent, forming cell structure, slip plane aligned or not slip plane aligned extended boundaries. It is found that the orientation spread decreases, remains unchanged and becomes enhanced when loading along 〈0 0 1〉, 〈0 1 1〉 and 〈1 1 1〉, respectively, as strain rate increases.

To investigate whether CD31 could regulate paracetamol-induced liver injury, thereby providing a new direction for the prevention and treatment of drug-induced hepatitis.Wild-type (WT) mice were treated with acetaminophen (APAP) (250 mg/kg) or isodose of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). 1, 3, 6 and 12 h after the treatment, the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression level of CD31 in the liver of mice were determined by Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. Once CD31 was confirmed to be involved in APAP-induced liver injury, the acute liver injury model in WT mice and CD31 gene deficient (CD31-/-) mice induced by APAP was established. Serum samples were collected at 8 and 24 h after APAP injection (250 mg/kg), and the activity of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was measured. The liver tissues of mice were isolated and analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Meanwhile, mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from the liver tissues of mice. The number of infiltrating macrophages and neutrophils was detected by flow cytometry, and the activation level of these cells was analyzed. The expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines in liver tissues, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), MCP-1 and IL-6, were determined by RT-PCR. The expression levels of cytokines in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, the protein expression levels of JNK, Caspase-3, and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) in liver tissues were detected by Western blotting.After APAP treatment, we found that WT mice were more sensitive to APAP-induced liver injury. The level of ALT in WT mice was significantly higher than that of CD31-/- mice, meanwhile, more necrotic or apoptotic cells were found in WT mice. Results also indicated that the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, including KC, IL-1β, MCP-1 and IL-6, were significantly higher in WT mice. Meanwhile, the number of infiltrating macrophages and neutrophils in the liver tissues of WT mice were much more than that of CD31-/- mice.APAP-treated CD31-/- mice exhibited less liver injury when compared with WT mice. We also confirmed that CD31 was greatly involved in APAP-induced inflammatory response by promoting hepatic inflammatory and cell apoptosis, which might provide a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of drug-induced hepatitis.

目的 探讨单倍体相合造血干细胞移植中HLA供者特异性抗体（DSA）对干细胞植入的影响以及处理方法。 方法 采用免疫磁珠液相芯片技术，对2016年6月至2017年5月拟行单倍体相合造血干细胞移植患者进行HLA抗体及DSA的检测，对已完成移植患者进行DSA与植入失败相关性分析，检测移植前后DSA水平，探索针对DSA的处理方法。 结果 共检测了92例拟行单倍体相合造血干细胞移植患者的HLA抗体，其中16例（17.4%）存在HLA抗体，6例（6.5%）DSA阳性。在常规清髓性预处理单倍体相合移植中，26例DSA阴性患者中有24例成功植入，仅有2例发生植入失败，而采用常规预处理的4例DSA阳性患者中仅有1例成功植入，其余3例发生植入失败，二组患者植入率差异有统计学意义[92.3%（24/26）对25.0%（1/4），χ2=8.433，P=0.004]。多因素分析显示，DSA是影响供者干细胞植入的唯一因素[OR=12.0（95% CI 1.39~103.5），P=0.024]。6例DSA阳性的患者中，4例次在移植时采取了针对DSA的措施，均获得供者干细胞顺利植入，其中3例HLA-Ⅰ类DSA阳性患者（首次移植2例、二次移植1例）在输入供者干细胞之前输入供者血小板，另1例HLA-Ⅰ、HLA-Ⅱ类DSA并存患者在二次移植时更换供者并给予全身放疗、利妥昔单抗及供者血小板输注。 结论 DSA是导致单倍体相合造血干细胞植入失败的关键因素，移植前应进行常规检查，DSA阳性患者应选用DSA阴性供者；无合适供者时，应采取适当措施降低DSA水平以促进干细胞植入。

Structure and dielectric properties have been investigated for CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) ceramics prepared by rapid sintering with relatively high sintering temperature and very short holding time. A very small amount of CuO is observed in XRD patterns of CCTO ceramics. Surface SEM of CCTO ceramics exhibits large grain and intergranular phase. Complex impedance spectra indicate that the internal barrier layer capacitor (IBLC) microstructure has been formed in the CCTO ceramics. And a giant dielectric permittivity of 8.5 × 103 at 1 kHz is achieved for the CCTO ceramics sintered at 1130 °C for 30 min. The rapid sintering method may be effective in applying these ceramics, which are expected to facilitate IBLC microstructure.

Effects of BiVO4 addition on the sintering behavior, crystal structure, microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of CaLa4Ti4O15 ceramics were investigated. When BiVO4 addition is below 3 %, the sintering temperature of CaLa4Ti4O15 ceramics is reduced from 1,550 °C to about 1,400 °C. And only phase CaLa4Ti4O15 is observed in the CaLa4Ti4O15 ceramics. However, the secondary phase CaLa4Ti5O17 appears when BiVO4 addition reached 3 %. It is important that a small amount of BiVO4 addition can not only lower the sintering temperature but also improve the microwave dielectric properties of CaLa4Ti4O15 ceramics. The CaLa4Ti4O15 ceramics with 1.0 % BiVO4 addition, which is sintered at 1,425 °C, exhibits excellent microwave dielectric properties of e = 44.3, Qf = 51,377 GHz, τ f = −9.0 ppm/°C. The variation of microwave dielectric properties had been also discussed with the structure evolution.

Pyrolysis of source rocks and kerogen isolated from the source rocks, which was collected from the Tertiary in Zhahaquan Depression, Qaidam Basin, China, was performed in a confined system. The kinetics for generation of crude oil from the source rocks and kerogen were studied and the kinetic parameters applied to modeling generation from the Tertiary source rocks on the basis of burial and thermal history of the Zhahaquan Depression. The results of kinetic modeling show that the source rocks entered the “oil window” a little earlier than the kerogen, however, it could be ignored in the geological time, which means that the catalytic role of the salts on the role of hydrocarbon generation control is weak. In addition, the elemental analysis data of kerogen shows that the high sulfur content, which might be the main reason of immature-low mature oil generation in Tertiary salinization Qaidam Basin.

In the present study, waste drilling muds from an active drilling operation were used to evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of bioremediation in the laboratory during a one-year trial and following a phytoremediation treatment. The results showed that total organic carbon (TOC) content in the muds decreased from 89800 to 21700 mg/kg after 48 h of biotreatment in a slurry reactor, and the chroma removal efficiency reached 81.5%. TOC contamination level was decreased by 84.6% after 240 days of phytoremediation.

Increasing grazing pressure and climate change affect nitrogen (N) dynamics of grassland ecosystems in the Eurasian steppe belt with unclear consequences for future delivery of essential services such as forage production, C sequestration, and diversity conservation. The identification of key processes responsive to grazing is crucial to optimize grassland management. In this comprehensive case study of a Chinese typical steppe, we present an in-depth analysis of grazing effects on N dynamics, including the balance of N gains and losses, and N cycling. N pools and fluxes were simultaneously quantified on three grassland sites of different long-term grazing intensities. Dust deposition, wind erosion, and wet deposition were the predominant but most variable processes contributing to N losses and gains. Heavy grazing increased the risk of N losses by wind erosion. Hay-making and sheep excrement export to folds during nighttime keeping were important pathways of N losses from grassland sites. Compared to the...

The friction and wear properties of titanium alloys TC4, TC18, and TA19 against tungsten carbide under both dry sliding and water-lubricated conditions were investigated using a ball-on-flat sliding friction apparatus under a load of 3 N and at a sliding speed of 112 mm/s. These investigated titanium alloys were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The results indicated that the kinetic friction coefficients as a function of sliding time increased at the initial friction stage under dry conditions and vary within a small range under water-lubricated conditions. Furthermore, the coefficient of friction of the TA19/WC-Co tribopair was lower than that of both TC4/WC-Co and TC18/WC-Co tribopairs. However, under water-lubricated conditions, the friction coefficients and wear volume of both TC4/WC-Co and TA19/WC-Co tribopairs decreased obviously compared to that under dry conditions, and the abrasion resistance increased. On the other hand, the effect of water...

Hip fracture is a kind of osteoporotic fractures in elderly patients. Its important monitoring indicator is to measure bone mineral density (BMD) using DXA. The stress characteristics and material distribution in different parts of the bones can be well simulated by three-dimensional finite element analysis. Our previous studies have demonstrated a linear positive correlation between clinical BMD and the density of three-dimensional finite element model of the femur. However, the correlation between the density variation between intertrochanteric region and collum femoris region of the model and the fracture site has not been studied yet. The present study intends to investigate whether the regional difference in the density of three-dimensional finite element model of the femur can be used to predict hip fracture site in elderly females. The CT data of both hip joints were collected from 16 cases of elderly female patients with hip fractures. Mimics 15.01 software was used to reconstruct the model of proximal femur on the healthy side. Ten kinds of material properties were assigned. In Abaqus 6.12 software, the collum femoris region and intertrochanteric region were, respectively, drawn for calculating the corresponding regional density of the model, followed by prediction of hip fracture site and final comparison with factual fracture site. The intertrochanteric region/collum femoris region density was [(1.20 ± 0.02) × 10(6)] on the fracture site and [(1.22 ± 0.03) × 10(6)] on the non-fracture site, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.03). Among 16 established models of proximal femur on the healthy side, 14 models were consistent with the actual fracture sites, one model was inconsistent, and one model was unpredictable, with the coincidence rate of 87.5 %. The intertrochanteric region or collum femoris region with lower BMD is more prone to hip fracture of the type on the corresponding site.

The effects of Ti-doping on the decomposition behavior, crystal structure, sintering behavior and dielectric properties have been investigated for the Ti-doped BiFeO3 ceramics derived from molten salt method. XRD reveals the almost pure phase BiFeO3 is synthesized in the Ti-doped BiFeO3 powders. And the particle size of Ti-doped BiFeO3 powers obviously decreases with the increase of Ti content. However, the sintering temperature elevates significantly after Ti-doping. The DC resistivity can enhance by up to four orders of magnitude (from 104 to 108 Ωm) with only 5 at% Ti doping. But the dielectric constant is suppressed from 104 to 102, and dielectric loss obviously reduces with a small amount of Ti doping. The variation of dielectric properties has been discussed from the decomposition of BiFeO3 phase. The Ti-doping can effectively suppress the decomposition reaction in Ti-doped BiFeO3 ceramics.

BiFeO3 powder was synthesized in NaCl media at temperature range from 700 to 800 °C, using Bi2O3 and Fe2O3 as raw materials. Effects of calcining temperature and salt ratios on the synthesis of BiFeO3 powder had been investigated. It was found that NaCl effectively promoted the formation of BiFeO3. Almost pure BiFeO3 phase with a very small amount of Bi2Fe4O9 phase was synthesized at 750 °C with salt weight ratios of 1:1. A large amount of BiFeO3 phase decomposed to Bi2Fe4O9 and Bi25FeO39 phase when the temperature was up to 800 °C. In the present method, the calcining temperature played an important role in the formation of BiFeO3 phase. BiFeO3 ceramics derived from molten salt method were prepared and exhibited the higher dielectric constant.

CaO–SrO–Li2O–Ln2O3–TiO2 ceramics were prepared by solid state reaction method, where Ln2O3 consists of equal proportions of Nd2O3 and Sm2O3. Dielectric properties and crystal structure were investigated with respect to the content of TiO2. Single phase with an orthorhombic perovskites structure was formed within the composition range of investigation. The frequency dependence of dielectric properties of the present ceramics was extensively investigated. Dielectric constant was less sensitive to frequency. However, dielectric loss and temperature coefficients were both very sensitive to frequency and gradually decreased with increasing frequency, such as the variation was more than ten times between 1 MHz and several GHz. The relationship between the temperature coefficient and dielectric loss was also discussed at different frequencies. And the mechanism of the frequency dependence was discussed in term of the role of Li ions.

Physiological responses of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes (salt-tolerant DK961 and salt-sensitive JN17) to increased salt concentrations (50, 100, 150 mM NaCl: NaCl50, NaCl100, NaCl150) were studied. Photosynthetic capacity, irradiance response curves, contents of soluble sugars, proteins, and chlorophyll (Chl), K+/Na+ ratio, and activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase) in flag leaves were measured on 7 d after anthesis. In control (NaCl0) plants, non-significant (p>0.05) differences were found in gas exchange and saturation irradiance (SI) between salt-tolerant (ST) and salt-sensitive (SS) wheat genotypes. However, we found higher soluble sugar and protein contents, K+/Na+ ratio, and antioxidant enzyme activities, but lower Chl content and yield in ST wheat. Salinity stresses remarkably increased soluble sugar and protein contents and the antioxidant activities, but decreased K+/Na+ ratio, Chl contents, SI, photosynthetic capacities, and yield, the extent being considerably larger in JN17 than DK961. Although the soluble sugar and protein contents and the antioxidant activities of JN17 elevated more evidently under salt stresses, those variables never reached the high levels of DK961. The antioxidant enzyme activities of SS wheat increased in NaCl50 and NaCl100, but decreased rapidly when the NaCl concentration reached 150 mM. Thus the ST wheat could maintain higher grain yield than the SS one by remaining higher osmoregulation and antioxidative abilities, which led to higher photosynthetic capacity. Hence the ST wheat could harmonize the relationship between CO2 assimilation (source) and the grain yield (sink) under the experimental conditions.