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In this paper we introduce two metrics: the max metric dn,q and the mean metric $${\bar d_{n,q}}$$ . We give an equivalent characterization of rigid measure preserving systems by the two metrics. It turns out that an invariant measure μ on a topological dynamical system (X, T) has bounded complexity with respect to dn,q if and only if μ has bounded complexity with respect to $${\bar d_{n,q}}$$ if and only if (X, $${\cal B}x$$ , μ, T) is rigid. We also obtain computation formulas of the measure-theoretic entropy of an ergodic measure preserving system (resp. the topological entropy of a topological dynamical system) by the two metrics dn,q and $${\bar d_{n,q}}$$ .

BACKGROUND This study assessed the additional benefits of bupivacaine when combined with ketorolac for transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block after gynecological laparoscopic surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS This randomized, observer-blind trial recruited 153 patients who underwent gynecological laparoscopic surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to receive bupivacaine combined with ketorolac 15 mg/side for TAP block (TK group), bupivacaine for TAP block and 30 mg postoperative intravenous ketorolac (T group), or 30 mg postoperative intravenous ketorolac alone (C group). The primary endpoints included consumption of sufentanil for 24 h postoperatively, actual press times of the patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump, and effective press times of the PCA pump, whereas the secondary endpoints included numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores at rest and during activity, satisfaction with analgesia, episodes of nausea and vomiting and length of hospital stay. RESULTS Sufentanil consumption, actual press times of the PCA pump, and effective press times of the PCA pump were lower in the TK and T groups than in the C group. NRS scores at rest and during activity at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours were significantly lower in the TK and T groups than in the C group. The TK and T groups showed greater satisfaction with analgesia than the C group, while the TK group showed greater overall satisfaction than the C group. Lengths of stay, rates of nausea and vomiting, and venting times did not differ significantly among the three groups. CONCLUSIONS Combined ketorolac and bupivacaine as TAP block improved the effectiveness of analgesia without increasing adverse events. Trial registration number: ChiCTR1900022577.

miR-18a has been reported to be upregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues by microarray assays. However, the roles and the underlying mechanisms of miR-18a in NPC remain poorly understood. Here we demonstrated by real-time RT-PCR that miR-18a expression is upregulated in NPC tissues, and positively correlated with tumor size and TNM stage. Moreover, miR-18a expression could be upregulated by NF-κB activation or Epstein-Barr virus encoded latent membrane protein 1 expression. The ectopic expression of miR-18a promoted NPC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while the repression of miR-18a had opposite effects. Candidate genes under regulation by miR-18a were screened out through a whole-genome microarray assay, further identified by a reporter assay and verified in clinical samples. SMG1, a member of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-related kinases family and an mTOR antagonist, was identified as functional target of miR-18a. Our results confirmed that miR-18a exerts its oncogenic role through suppression of SMG1 and activation of mTOR pathway in NPC cells. Importantly, in vivo xenograft tumor growth in nude mice was effectively inhibited by intratumor injection of miR-18a antagomir. Our data support an oncogenic role of miR-18a through a novel miR-18a/SMG1/mTOR axis and suggest that the antitumor effects of antagomir-18a may make it suitable for NPC therapy.

Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is known to be highly expressed in a variety of epithelial carcinomas, and it is involved in cell adhesion and proliferation. However, its expression profile and biological function in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unclear. In this study, higher expression of EpCAM was found in NPC samples compared with non-cancer nasopharyngeal mucosa by qRT-PCR. Additionally, immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of NPC specimens from 64 cases showed that high EpCAM expression was associated with metastasis and shorter survival. Multivariate survival analysis identified high EpCAM expression as an independent prognostic factor. Ectopic EpCAM expression in NPC cells promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), induced a cancer stem cell (CSC)-like phenotype, and enhanced metastasis in vitro and in vivo without an effect on cell proliferation. Notably, EpCAM overexpression reduced PTEN expression and increased the level of AKT, mTOR, p70S6K and 4EBP1 phosphorylation. Correspondingly, an AKT inhibitor and rapamycin blocked the effect of EpCAM on NPC cell invasion and stem-like phenotypes, and siRNA targeting PTEN rescued the oncogenic activities in EpCAM knockdown NPC cells. Our data demonstrate that EpCAM regulates EMT, stemness and metastasis of NPC cells via the PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) is a secreted protein that highly expressed in a variety of cancers and contributes to cell proliferation, migration, invasiveness, mobility, metastasis and EMT. However, its clinical significance and biological function in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remain unknown up to now. Up-regulation of BMP2 was first observed in NPC cell lines by a genome-wide transcriptome analysis in our previous study. In this study, BMP2 mRNA was detected by qRT-PCR and data showed that it was upregulated in NPC compared with non-cancerous nasopharynx samples. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis in NPC specimens revealed that high BMP2 expression was significantly associated with clinical stage, distant metastasis and shorter survival of NPC patients. Moreover, overexpression of BMP2 in NPC cells promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasiveness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, BMP2 overexpression increase phosphorylated protein level of mTOR, S6K and 4EBP1. Correspondingly, mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin blocked the effect of BMP2 on NPC cell proliferation and invasion. In conclusion, our results suggest that BMP2 overexpression in NPC enhances proliferation, invasion and EMT of tumor cells through the mTORC1 signaling pathway.

In the periodic picking background, we researched the influence of the picking correlations between Stock Keeping Units (SKUs), established dynamic location assignment model to minimize the total picking time, developed a particle swarm optimization (PSO) based on the correlated SKUs. We set the cube-per-order-index (COI) solution as initial solution, used correlation strength to update the velocity and position of particles and assigned correlated SKUs to adjacent slots according to the optimal location sequence. The result shows that in zone-based wave-picking system with hybrid touring policy, the solution quality of PSO is always better than COI, the improvement of PSO is 2.50%~13.9% and average improvement is 2.84%~12.53%; the correlation has significant impact on the picking efficiency.

Self-sensing control of permanent magnet synchronous motor has been a hot research topic of motor control technology, which has the advantages of low cost and high reliability. The use of a high-frequency carrier signal superimposed on the fundamental excitation of PMSM has established itself in recent years as a viable means of eliminating position sensors in ac drives for applications. In the carrier signal injection methods, the rotor position can be estimated by using the carrier signal current resulting from the interaction between the carrier signal voltage and the spatial saliency. The existing sampling error and random noise of high frequency current signal were uncertain to the rotor position self-sensing, that may affect the rotor position self-sensing precision. This paper describes a new wavelet de-noising method of the high-frequency current signal, improving the de-noising results significantly.

Edge-drop control enlarges the shape control theories and technologies. But compared to the profile and flatness control technology, the edge drop control is a developing topic. This paper analyze the influence of strip thickness, strip width, reduction ratio, friction coefficient and deformation resistance on the edge drop based on the elastic deformation of rolls and the three-dimensional plastic deformation of strip for UCMW cold rolling mill. The results will support the further research on the edge drop control for cold rolling mill.

Based on the oversize deep excavation project of Wangjing Soho in Beijing, the stress monitoring of top beam, soldier piles and anchor strand were carried out, which shows the development process of the internal force caused by spatial member interaction, reflect the differences from the mechanics principal of the traditional design method such as elastic foundation beam or equivalence beam of limit equilibrium state. Monitoring practice reveals that soldier pile were under the combination state of compression and bending, and are proved safe because of low stress; while the top coupled beam is under the combination state of tension and bending, and the tensile stress might goes to the stress limit, which has much relationship to the anchor arrangement, so the design of top beam should be regarded as one of the key control of construction safety. The tensile force of anchor strand are not easy to be hold with the tapered-type anchorage in site, the actual tested tensile force reaches 150~220KN , only the half of the design value.

Edge Drop Control is the weak point although it enriches the contents of the shape control in cold tandem rolling mill. In this paper, the existing edge drop control strategy is analyzed and the edge drop control strategy optimization is researched. The simulation results show that the optimized control system can effectively control the edge drop.

The flatness and edge drop control system is a coupled multivariable control system. Realizing the coupling relationship quantitative analysis and decoupling control of them is one of the most important parts of achieving the high-precision control. In this paper, the flatness and edge drop control abilities of all the control actuators are analyzed. The coupling relationship between flatness and edge drop is analyzed. The decoupling control method is proposed to realize the decoupling control of flatness and edge drop. Simulation results represent that the flatness and edge drop control performance is improved effectively.

Realizing the decoupling control of them is one of the most important issues to achieve the flatness and edge drop high-precision control. In this paper, the flatness and edge drop control capabilities of all the control actuators are analyzed. The coupling relation of flatness and edge drop is analyzed. The neural network inverse decoupling control method is proposed to realize the decoupling control of flatness and edge drop. Simulation results represent that the flatness and edge drop control performance is improved effectively.

K-WRS technology has a better edge drop control effect in cold tandem rolling mill, but it still exists some problems such as contact pressure peak beyond the limit, transition peak and the uneven distribution of contact pressure between the rolls in practical application. In this paper, tapered work roll shape is designed and optimized. The simulation analysis shows that the optimized roll shape not only can effectively control the edge drop of strip，but also can improve the contact pressure between the rolls. At the same time, it also can reduce the influence on the flatness control from the edge drop control.

Traditional deicing approaches such as salting pollute the environment and corrode reinforcing steel bars in concrete. Meanwhile, recently emerging carbon nanofiber material has improved electrical conductivity, a large heating capacity at low voltage, high strength, and, in particular, natural immunity to corrosion. This material offers an excellent alternative as the heating element in electrical resistive deicing systems. This paper aims to assess the effectiveness of a deicing system that has embedded carbon nanofiber paper heating elements and to evaluate the effects of several key parameters on the performance of such a deicing system. A physics-based finite-element model was built, validated by test results, and used to assess the performance of such a deicing system when applied to roadway conditions. Factors considered include air temperature, wind speed, pavement and insulation layer thicknesses, and heating input. Results show that the proposed system can be very effective for roadway deicing. Future research is needed to validate its feasibility and effectiveness in a field experiment.

Firstly based on the practical problem of lining thickness built in porous rock aquifer with high water pressure, this paper introduce the mechanical and stable seepage model, and design formula of shaft lining named Baoshen; Secondly, the character of load and parameters in the “Baoshen” formula are studied, compared with the “Lame” formula and the original heavy earth field , which shows good universal feature to cover several traditional design methods. Thirdly, the principals of interaction among high pressure water, lining and surrounding rock are revealed by figure and discuss on inequality inequation; With a newly application example, the practical usage are introduced and newly viewpoints are opened to designers with material promotion, arrangement of re-bar or bolt, structure optimum etc.

Tripartite motif-containing 29 (TRIM29) has been reported to be dysregulated in human cancers. Up-regulation of TRIM29 was first observed in NPC cell lines by a genome-wide transcriptome analysis in our previous study. However, its expression biological function and clinical significance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remain unclear. In this study, TRIM29 expression was validated by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in 69 NPC samples. Notably, TRIM29 protein expression was significantly and positively correlated with the tumor size, clinical stage and metastasis. TRIM29 was identified as the direct target of miR-335-5p and miR-15b-5p, both of which were down-regulated and negatively associated with TRIM29 expression in NPC cell lines and clinical samples. Ectopic TRIM29 expression promoted proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration and invasion in NPC cells, while its depletion inhibited cell invasion and EMT phenotype. Mechanistically, TRIM29 overexpression reduced PTEN expression and increase phosphorylated protein level of AKT, p70S6K and 4E-BP1. Correspondingly, AKT inhibitor and Rapamycin blocked the effect of TRIM29 on cell invasion. In conclusion, our results suggest that miR-335-5p and miR-15b-5p down-regulation results in TRIM29 over-expression, which induces proliferation, EMT and metastasis of NPC through the PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

As a pest, in order to complete its life history and reproduces effectively, soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinche 1952) must adapt to various environments and conditions for long periods of evolution. The nematode is widely dispersed year after year. Controlling this pest requires understanding characters and adaptability of SCN. Effects of abiotic factors, such as temperature, soil humidity, agrotype, pH value, ions, plant exudates, agricultural chemical and cultivation systems on SCN, are reviewed in this paper. The results show that SCN is able to endure various environmental stresses, especially low temperature. Because of its special life history, cyst stage help SCN over winter, resistance of SCN to environmental stress is strong. A few studies have reported the mechanism of SCN environmental adaptability. We emphasized the importance of studying environmental adaptability of SCN, which would benefit the control of SCN by ecological means.

MicroRNAs are important in cancer development and progression. In the present study, the clinical significance and function of microRNA-711 (miR-711) expression in breast cancer were investigated. The expression level of miR-711 was analyzed in breast cancer tissue samples using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis and Transwell assays were performed in breast cancer cell lines transfected with miR-711 mimics or inhibitors, or control sequence. miR-711 was found to be upregulated in 30 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissue samples compared with paired non-cancerous breast tissues (P

To explore the apoptotic pathway mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress in the mouse myocardium with heart failure induced by acute viral myocarditis caused by B-3 Coxsackie virus.Forty BALB/c male mice were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 20): the control group and the virus infection group. The BALB/c mouse myocarditis was induced by B-3 Coxsackie virus and the mouse behavior was observed conventionally. All the mice were sacrificed on day 7 and the changes of left ventricular pressure (LVP) and the rate of change of left ventricular pressure (LV dp/dt) were measured. The cardiomyocytic apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL method and the mRNA expression level of endoplasmic reticulum haperones glucose-regulated protein (GRP)78 and GRP94 was detected by RT-PCR.(1) Compared with those of control group, the parameters of cardiac hemodynamics in the virus infection group were significantly decreased (P0.01); (2) Compared with that of control group, myocardial apoptosis was significantly increased in the myocardial cells from mice with heart failure induced by acute viral myocarditis (P0.01); (3) The mRNA expression level of GRP78 and GRP94 were increased significantly in the virus infection group compared with the control group.These findings suggest the endoplasmic reticulum stress may mediate the apoptosis of myocardial cells in the mice myocardium of heart failure induced by acute viral myocarditis caused by B-3 Coxsackie virus.

The paper outlines development of the thickness design of cylindrical frozen walls in artificial ground freezing (AFG). A plain strain mechanical model coupled with infinite surrounding soil and rock takes into account the frost heave ratio to investigate the influence of frost heave on the thickness design of frozen wall, and superposition method is used to solve the complicated problem of frozen wall swelling. A revised formula referred to as "Baoshen" formula has been proposed. This formula provides a convenient analytic solution for any AGF problem involving not only frost heave but also the action of surrounding soil.

Based on the stress tests of soldier Piles, ring Beam and Anchor tiebacks (PBA), and the hole displacement observation on Wangjing Soho construction site, the development process of the internal force caused by spatial member interaction has been revealed. It reflects the differences from mechanic principals of the traditional design method, such as elastic foundation beam or equivalence beam of limit equilibrium state. Practical tests showed that soldier piles were under the combination state of compression and bending, and were proved safe because of low stress; while the top ring beam was under the combination state of tension and bending, and the tensile stress might come to the elastic stress limit, which has much relationship to the anchor arrangement. So, the design of the top ring beam should be regarded as one of the key controls of the construction. The actual tested tieback tensile force reached 150~220KN, only half of the design value.

DNA microarrays have become one of the most powerful tools in modern biology. Expanding demand for mass production of microarrays has created considerable interest in improving the cost effectiveness of microarray fabrication techniques. Several algorithms dedicated to reducing the number of synthesis cycles for the in situ synthesis of high density DNA microarrays were presented in this paper. Meanwhile, an operation that reverses the probes on a microarray based on those algorithms was introduced and evaluated. The results indicate a possibility for a further reduction of the synthesis cycles.

Objective: To explore the curative effect and influence on glucose and lipid metabolism of risperidone with Shu Mian capsules in patients with schizophrenia . Methods: 128patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly divided into the combined group (crisperidone combined with shu mian capsules group) and the single group (risperidone group ), each group was assessed the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS),the body mass index (BMI ) was measured and the blood glucose and blood lipid were detected before treatment and after 2,4,8 weekends respectively. After 4,8 weeks ,both the two groups were assessed by Wesconsin card sorting test ( WCST) curative effect and their cognitive function was evaluated . Results: The reacting time in the two groups were of no significantly difference , but compared with condition before treatment, cognitive function of the patients with schizophrenia was improved and their level of total cholesterol was significantly increased ( P < 0.05) in the combined group. BMI, blood glucose and blood lipid were significantly increased in single group after 8weeks’ treatment ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Conclusion: Shu Mian capsules can lower negative symptoms and improve cognitive function of schizophrenia ,and the dverse reactions is mild. With therapeutic dose range, risperidone in combined group or single group can make equal reacting time, curative effect and affecting blood lipid metabolism in patients with schizophrenia. Single group shows more obvious influence on blood sugat and blood fat metabolismcan.