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To describe the outcomes of ileal conduit as a salvage therapy for refractory lower urinary tract dysfunctions (LUTDs) due to multiple sclerosis (MS) in a national neurourology referral center network.A retrospective multicenter French study was carried out to identify MS patients who underwent non-continent urinary diversion for refractory LUTDs from January 2010 to December 2015. Multiple sclerosis status, urological history, surgical indication and technique, postoperative complications, renal anatomy and function at last follow-up as well as number of rehospitalizations for urinary tract infections (UTI) were collected. Preoperative and postoperative urinary-related quality of life (urQoL) through the Qualiveen short-form questionnaire (QSF) and patient global impression of improvement (PGI-I) were collected and analyzed.Overall, 10 centers identified 211 patients with a mean age of 54±11 and mean preoperative EDSS (expanded disability status scale) score of 7.3±0.9. The main indication for diversion was MS progression leading to impossible intermittent self-catheterization (55%). Cystectomy was performed either by open (34.6%), laparoscopic (39.3%) or robotic (21.8%) approach (unknown: 4.2%) with cystectomy in all cases. Early complications were reported in 42% of the patients, mainly Clavien I or II grades. There was no difference in GFR (glomerular filtration rate) after surgery. After diversion, patients had fewer hospitalizations for UTI and better urQoL on QSF confirmed by evaluation of PGI-I.This study, reporting the largest series of ileal conduit in selected MS patients with end-stage LUTDs, showed significant improvement in symptomatic UTI and quality of life with a low high-grade complication rate.

To assess the effectiveness, safety and risk factors of failure and complications associated with Adjustable Continence Therapy (ACT®) balloons as a treatment for female stress urinary incontinence (SUI).In the present multicentric retrospective study, all women implanted with ACT® balloons between 2000 and 2018 were considered eligible. Effectiveness and safety were assessed at 1 year, and risk factors for failure and complications were sought. The effectiveness was categorized into three distinct groups: Success = maximum 1 pad/day and patient's impression of improvement using a numerical rating scale (NRS) ≥ 8/10; Improvement = decrease of daily pad use and NRS ≥ 5/10; Failure = increase or stability of daily pad use or NRS5/10. The intra- and postoperative surgical complications were collected.Over the study period, 281 women were included. Among them, 104 (37.0%), 94 (33.5%) and 83 (29.5%) were categorized as success, improvement, and failure, respectively. Intra-, early and late postoperative complications occurred in 13 (4.6%), 35 (12.5%) and 75 (26.7%) women, respectively. Most early surgical complications were minor according to the Dindo-Clavien classification. Of women that presented a late postoperative surgical complication, 64 (22.8%) underwent an explantation performed under local or general anesthesia without associated sequalae.The short-term effectiveness associated with ACT® balloons, their minimally invasive implantation and the frequent but easily manageable and sequelae-free complications suggest that they should be part of the therapeutic arsenal for female SUI.

Objective: To evaluate the educational impact of a pilot MOOC (Massive Open Online Course), validated by the French College of Urology Teachers (FCUT), on the surgical technique of kidney transplantation.Materials and methods: We developed a MOOC on the surgical technique of kidney transplantation, based on a video of a surgical procedure, performed by an expert surgeon. The MOOC has been validated by the FCUT. We have created 2 student groups: 1) MOOC-pre-QCM group: visualization of the MOOC then answer to the MCQs and satisfaction questions; 2) MOOC-post-QCM group: answer to the MCQs then visualization of the MOOC then answers to the satisfaction questions. In total, 20 MCQs on the kidney transplantation technique were completed by the 2 groups. The answers were anonymous.Results: A total of 142 people answered the MCQs (MOOC-pre-QCM group (n=66) and MOOC-post-QCM group (n=76)). Twenty-nine percent (41/142) of the participants were fellows and 71 % (101/142) were residents. The proportion of fellows and residents was identical between the 2 groups. The rate of correct answers to the 20 MCQs was statistically higher in the MOOC-pre-QCM group, compared to the MOOC-post-QCM group (88.6 % versus 73.3 %, P, ObjectifÉvaluer l’impact pédagogique d’un MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) pilote, validé par le Collège français des enseignants en urologie (CFEU), sur la technique chirurgicale de transplantation rénale.Matériel et méthodesNous avons réalisé un MOOC sur la technique chirurgicale de transplantation rénale, à partir d’une vidéo d’une intervention chirurgicale, réalisée par un chirurgien expert. Le MOOC a été validé par le CFEU. Nous avons créé 2 groupes d’étudiants : 1) groupe MOOC-pré-QCM : visualisation du MOOC, puis réponse aux QCM et aux questions de satisfaction ; 2) groupe MOOC-post-QCM : réponse aux QCM, puis visualisation du MOOC, puis réponse aux questions de satisfaction. Au total, 20 QCM sur la technique transplantation rénale ont été remplis par les 2 groupes. Les réponses étaient anonymes.RésultatsAu total, 142 personnes ont répondu aux QCM (groupe MOOC-pré-QCM (n = 66) et groupe MOOC-post-QCM (n = 76)). 29 % (41/142) des participants étaient des CCA ou assistants et 71 % (101/142) étaient des internes. La proportion de CCA/assistants et d’internes était identique entre les 2 groupes. Le taux de réponses correctes aux 20 QCM était statistiquement supérieur dans le groupe MOOC-pré-QCM, en comparaison au groupe MOOC post-QCM (88,6 % contre 73,3 %, p < 0,0001). Au total, 91 % des étudiants ont trouvé le MOOC « Très Utile » ou « Utile ». La médiane de la note du MOOC, donnée par les étudiants, était de 8/10.ConclusionCette étude a montré un impact positif du MOOC sur les connaissances théoriques de la technique chirurgicale de transplantation rénale. Ce MOOC pourrait servir de projet pilote pour le développement d’autres MOOC sur la chirurgie urologique.Niveau3.

AIMS To compare efficacy and safety between neurogenic and non-neurogenic women after adjustable continence therapy (ACT®) balloons implantation to treat stress urinary incontinence (SUI) due to intrinsic sphincter deficiency. METHODS In the present retrospective multicentric study, all neurogenic and non-neurogenic women implanted with ACT® balloons between 2000 and 2018 were considered for inclusion. Efficacy was compared 1 year after implantation, and women were allocated in three different groups as follows. Success: maximum 1 pad per day and patient's impression of improvement assessed using a numeral rating scale (NRS) ≥8/10. Improvement: decrease of daily pad use and/or NRS ≥5/10. Failure: increase or stability of daily pad use or NRS

To assess the efficacy and safety of intradetrusor botulinum toxin type A injections (IBTI) for idiopathic overactive bladder (iOAB) in non-neurological adults with an artificial urinary sphincter (AUS). We retrospectively selected, in the 11 French centers, members of a collaborative network (GENULF (Groupe d’etude de neuro-urologie de langue francaise)), the patients who had had an artificial urinary sphincter implantation and who had subsequently developed iOAB requiring IBTI. This study was approved by the French association of urology ethics committee (no 2018012). Between 2006 and 2020, 33 patients were included from 5 French centers. Mean follow-up after the first IBTI was 47 months. The average age of the studied population was 68 years, with 70% of females. A complete resolution of symptoms at optimal IBTI dose was experienced by 21 (64%) patients. Seven (21%) patients had partial improvement. Five non-responder patients (15%) had no improvement at all. Maximum cystometric bladder capacity was 240 ml pre-IBTI and 335 ml post IBTI. Discontinuation free survival at 60 months was 50%. Two erosions occurred during the 6 months following an IBTI both in male patients with a perineal implantation. There were four AUS balloon perforations that occurred during the 6 months following an IBTI, all of them in female patients. IBTI has a good efficacy for the treatment of iOAB in patients with an AUS. However, both patients and practicians must be aware of the risk of rare and usually mild complications.

Purpose To evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on functional urology procedures in France. Methods A prospective study was conducted within 11 secondary and tertiary referral centers in France. Patients aged > 18 years who were diagnosed with a functional urology disease before the national lockdown (March 17th, 2020) and who required a surgery were included. Study period went from March 17th to September 30th 2020. The included interventions were listed according to the guidelines for functional urology enacted by the French Association of Urology and delay of reoperation was compared to the guidelines’ delay. The primary outcome was the number of procedures left unscheduled at the end of the study period. Descriptive statistics were performed. Results From March 17th 2020 to September 3 rd 2020, 1246 patients with a previous diagnosis of a functional urological disease requiring a surgery were included. The mean follow-up was 140.4 days (± 53.4). Overall, 316 interventions (25.4%) were maintained whereas 74 (5.9%) were canceled, 848 (68.1%) postponed and 8 patients (0.6%) died. At the end of the follow-up, 184 patients (21.7%) were still not rescheduled. If the intervention was postponed, the mean delay between the initial and final date was 85.7 days (± 64.4). Conclusion Overall, more than two thirds of interventions had to be postponed and the mean delay between the initial and final date was about three months.

To compare transcorporal vs bulbar artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) implantation in men with fragile urethra and to investigate the risk factors of AUS explantation in this population. The charts of all male patients who had an AUS implantation between 2004 and 2020 in 16 centers were reviewed retrospectively. The primary endpoint was device explantation-free survival. Only patients with a fragile urethra were included in the present analysis. Fragile urethra was defined as a urethra carrying a high risk of cuff erosion because of prior radiotherapy and/or history of AUS explantation and/or history of urethral stricture surgery. The patients were divided in two groups according to the implantation site: bulbar vs transcorporal. 464 patients were included for analysis. 88 patients underwent a transcorporal AUS implantation and 376 underwent a bulbar AUS implantation. Explantation-free survival was similar in both groups (estimated 5-year explantation free survival rates 55.3% vs. 58.4%; p=0.98). In the subgroup of patients with a history of previous AUS explantation, transcorporal approach tended to bring longer explantation-free survival (2-year explantation-free survival: 61.9% vs. 58.2%; p=0.096). In multivariate analysis, the only risk factor of shorter explantation-free survival was the history of previous AUS explantation (HR=2.65; p=0.01). Transcorporal AUS implantation was not associated with longer explantation-free survival. History of previous AUS explantation was the only risk factor associated with shorter explantation-free survival and this subgroup of patients may be the only one to draw benefits of transcorporal AUS implantation.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of complete transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBTs) before radical cystectomy on pathological and oncological outcomes of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and high-risk non-MIBC. Materials and Methods: The charts of all patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer in 2 academic departments of urology between 1996 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the completeness of the last endoscopic resection before radical cystectomy: macroscopically complete transurethral resection (complete) or macroscopically incomplete transurethral resection (incomplete). The primary end point was the recurrence-free survival (RFS). Secondary end points included cancer-specific survival (CSS) and rates of pT0 and downstaging. Results: Out of 486 patients included for analysis, the TURBT immediately preceding radical cystectomy was considered macroscopically complete in 253 patients (52.1%) and incomplete in 233 patients (47.9%). In multivariate analysis, macroscopically complete TURBT was the strongest predictor of both pT0 disease (OR = 3.1; p = 0.02) and downstaging (OR = 7.1; p < 0.0001). After a median follow-up of 41 months, macroscopically complete TURBT was associated with better RFS (5-year RFS: 57 vs. 37%; p < 0.0001) and CSS (5-year CSS: 70.8 vs. 54.5%; p = 0.002). In multivariate analysis adjusting for multifocality, weight of endoscopic resection specimen, cT4 stage on preoperative imaging, interval between endoscopic resection and radical cystectomy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, pT stage, and associated carcinoma in situ, macroscopically complete endoscopic resection remained the main predictor of better RFS (HR = 0.4; p = 0.0003) and the only preoperative factor associated with CSS (HR = 0.5; p = 0.01). Conclusion: A macroscopically complete TURBT immediately preceding radical cystectomy may improve pathological and oncological outcomes in patients with MIBC and high-risk MIBC.

Contains fulltext : 237261.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Adherence to national and international clinical practice guidelines is suboptimal throughout Europe. The European Association of Urology Guidelines Office project "IMAGINE" (IMpact Assessment of Guidelines Implementation and Education) has been developed to measure baseline adherence to urological guideline recommendations across Europe and to identify issues that drive nonadherence.

AIMS To report the long-term functional outcomes of artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) implantation in female patients with spinal dysraphism and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) related to intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD). METHODS The charts of all spina bifida female patients with SUI due to ISD who underwent AUS (AMS 800) implantation between 2005 and 2019 at three academic departments of urology were retrospectively reviewed. Reoperation was defined as either revision or explantation of the AUS device. Reoperation-free survival of the AUS device was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Continence status as per patients' subjective assessment was categorized as follows: complete continence (no pads), improved continence, unchanged SUI or worsened SUI. RESULTS Twenty-three patients were included, 69.6% were self-catheterizing. The median follow-up was 14 years. Median time to first reoperation was 10 years. Survival rates without reoperation were 85.9%, 41.8%, 34.6%, and 20.9% at 5, 10, 15, 20 years, respectively. Survival rates without AUS explantation were 90.7%, 66.3%, 55.2%, and 41.4% at 5, 10, 15, 20 years, respectively. None of the patients who underwent device explantation had a new AUS implanted. The only predictive factor of reoperation-free survival was the type of spinal dysraphism (hazards ratio = 3.60 for closed vs. open dysraphism; p = .04). At last follow-up, 17 of the 23 patients were fully continent (73.9%). CONCLUSION AUS in female patients with spina bifida may be associated with satisfactory long-term functional outcomes and a high reoperation rate. The median time to first reoperation was similar to what is reported in the male AUS literature (10 years).

AIM: The French population is facing the COVID-19 pandemic and the health systems have been reoriented in emergency for the care of patients with coronavirus The management of cancers of the urinary and male genital tracts must be adapted to this context MATERIAL AND METHOD: An expert opinion documented by a literature review was formulated by the Cancerology Committee of the French Association of Urology (CCAFU) RESULTS: The medical and surgical management of patients with any cancers of the urinary and male genital tracts must be adapted by modifying the consultation methods, by prioritizing interventions according to the intrinsic prognosis of cancers, taking into account the patient's comorbidities The protection of urologists from COVID-19 must be considered CONCLUSION: The CCAFU issues an expert opinion on the measure to be taken to adapt the management of cancers of the male urinary and genital tract to the context of pandemic by COVID-19 [[[fr]]]Resume Objectif: La population francaise est confrontee a la pandemie de COVID-19 et le systemes de sante a ete reoriente en urgence pour la prise en charge des patients atteint du coronavirus La prise en charge des cancers de l'appareil urinaire et genital masculin doit etre adaptee a ce contexte Materiel et methode: Un avis d'experts documente par une revue de la litterature a ete formule par le Comite de Cancerologie de l'Association Francaise d'Urologie (CCAFU) Resultats: La prise en charge medicale et chirurgicale des patients atteint de cancers de l'appareil urinaire et genital masculin doit etre adaptee en modifiant les modalites de consultation, en priorisant les interventions en fonction du pronostic intrinseque des cancers en tenant compte des comorbidites du patient La protection des urologues vis-a-vis du COVID-19 doit etre prise en consideration CONCLUSION: Le CCAFU emet un avis d'experts quant aux mesures a prendre pour adapter la prise en charge des cancers de l'appareil urinaire et genital masculin au contexte de pandemie par COVID-19

Purpose:The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of male artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) mechanical failures and nonmechanical failures.Materials and Method...

International audience; Analyzing concurrently data from the manufacturer and from a national comprehensive administrative claim database (PMSI)we found that, overall, the total number of AUS implanted (male+female) increased from 2012 to 2017 (+8.8%). This growth was driven by a strong increase in the number of female implants from 2015 to 2017 (+28.9%). Meanwhile, the number of AUS implanted in male patients remained roughly stable and the total number of anti-incontinence surgery in men (slings+AUS) decreased steadily over the period studied.

Purpose: The main objective of this multicentric retrospective pilot study was to evaluate the 1-year follow-up safety (i.e., minor [Clavien–Dindo I–II] and major [Clavien–Dindo ≥III] complications...

The aim of this study was to investigate the disease-specific urinary levels variations of neurotrophins (NGF, BDNF), mediators of inflammation (TGFβ-1, PGE-2) and markers of extracellular matrix alterations (TIMP-2) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) spinal cord injury (SCI), or spina bifida (SB), and neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO). A prospective single-center study was conducted between March 2015 and March 2017. Patients aged over 18 years old, with neurological disease, with a urodynamic diagnosis of NDO were included. The urinary levels of NGF, BDNF, TIMP-2, PGE 2, and TGF-β1 were measured using dedicated ELISA kits. Forty-one patients were included: 6 with MS, 20 with SCI, and 15 with spina bifida. The average urinary level of NGF/Cr was significantly higher in MS patients compared to other neurologic populations (8 vs. 0.56 vs. 1.25 pg/mg of creatinine; p = 0.001) as well for the average urinary level of BDNF (88.3 vs. 5 vs. 4.8 pg/mg of creatinine; p

Purpose We aimed to review the current knowledge on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of urinary and sexual dysfunction in patients with TTR amyloidosis (ATTR). Methods We performed a review of the literature, screening for randomized controlled trials, prospective and retrospective series, position papers, and guidelines on urinary and sexual dysfunction in ATTR patients published in PubMed and Embase. Results Lower urinary tract dysfunction is present in up to 83% of patients with ATTR. Voiding symptoms are the most common, reported in 34.8−87.5% of patients, while urinary tract infections are reported in up to 50%. Urinary incontinence is observed in 16.7−37.5% of the ATTR population, mostly due to decreased urethral resistance. Sexual dysfunction affects over 40% of ATTR patients, with erectile dysfunction and sexual arousal disorder being the most common symptoms in male and female patients, respectively. In addition to a thorough clinical examination, invasive pressure-flow urodynamic testing is a cornerstone in the assessment of ATTR lower urinary tract dysfunction. The most common finding is detrusor underactivity and intrinsic sphincter deficiency. Poor bladder compliance can also be observed in patients, due to amyloid deposits on the bladder wall. Urinary tract imaging may be of interest to rule out upper urinary tract deterioration. Given the paucity of data in the ATTR population, treatment should be tailored to the individual patient. Conclusion Urinary and sexual dysfunction are highly prevalent in ATTR patients. Comprehensive assessment and multidisciplinary management are keys to avoiding upper urinary tract damage and improving patients’ quality of life.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy, urodynamic effect and safety of Botulinum Toxin A (BTXA) injections after failure of augmentation enterocystoplasty (AE) performed for neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Patients and Methods We performed a multicenter retrospective study that included patients who had AE and at least one injection of BTXA after AE in 15 GENULF (French Speaking Neuro-Urology Study Group) centers. Clinical and urodynamic data were collected from medical files according to a standardized questionnaire and colligated in an anonymous database. Results Thirty-three patients with an injection of BTXA after AC in 9 out of 15 centers were included. Mean age at the time of AE was 24 ± 15 years. Overall efficacy (defined by clinical efficacy associated with a request by the patient for reinjection) was observed in 58% of the patients. Mean maximum cystomanometric capacity increased by 28% (333 ± 145 vs 426 ± 131 mL; P = .007) and maximum detrusor pressure (Pdet max) decreased by 43% (44 ± 37 vs 25 ± 18 cm H2O; P = .02) after BTXA. Only one side effect was recorded out of the 152 procedures (transient generalized muscle weakness without respiratory distress). Conclusion In patients with failure after AE performed for neurogenic detrusor overactivity, injection of BTXA in the enlarged bladder was effective in over half of the cases with low morbidity. If this therapeutic approach were confirmed, it could be proposed as an alternative to AE surgical revision.

To evaluate the educational impact of a pilot MOOC (Massive Open Online Course), validated by the French College of Urology Teachers (FCUT), on the surgical technique of kidney transplantation.We developed a MOOC on the surgical technique of kidney transplantation, based on a video of a surgical procedure, performed by an expert surgeon. The MOOC has been validated by the FCUT. We have created 2 student groups: 1) MOOC-pre-QCM group: visualization of the MOOC then answer to the MCQs and satisfaction questions; 2) MOOC-post-QCM group: answer to the MCQs then visualization of the MOOC then answers to the satisfaction questions. In total, 20 MCQs on the kidney transplantation technique were completed by the 2 groups. The answers were anonymous.A total of 142 people answered the MCQs (MOOC-pre-QCM group (n=66) and MOOC-post-QCM group (n=76)). Twenty-nine percent (41/142) of the participants were fellows and 71 % (101/142) were residents. The proportion of fellows and residents was identical between the 2 groups. The rate of correct answers to the 20 MCQs was statistically higher in the MOOC-pre-QCM group, compared to the MOOC-post-QCM group (88.6 % versus 73.3 %, P0.0001). Ninety-one percent of students found the MOOC "Very Useful" or "Useful". The median MOOC rating, given by students, was 8/10.This study showed a positive impact of the MOOC on theoretical knowledge of kidney transplantation surgical technique. This MOOC could serve as a pilot project for the development of other MOOCs on urological surgery.3.

Background Artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) is the gold standard for the management of moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in the male population. While outcomes of this device in postprostatectomy incontinence (PPI) are widely described, those obtained for incontinence after benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) surgery remains poorly explored. Objective To compare continence outcomes after AUS implantation in a PPI population with those obtained in men incontinent after BPO surgery. Design, setting, and participants A retrospective review of all cases of AUS implantation between 2005 and 2020 in 16 different French centers was conducted. Only patients with primary implantation whose indication was moderate to severe SUI after prostatectomy or BPO surgery were included (excluding those with a history of radiation therapy, brachytherapy, cystectomy, high-intensity focused ultrasound therapy, or neurogenic disease). Outcome measurements and statistical analysis The primary endpoint was the rate of social continence (zero or one pad per day) at 3 mo. Complications were also noted within 90 d of implantation. Results and limitations A total of 417 patients were included in the PPI group and 50 in the BPO surgery group. Social continence rates at 3 mo were similar between the groups (79% vs 72%, p = 0.701). Complication rate was significantly higher in the BPO group (8% vs 18%, p = 0.044). The same was found for the Clavien-Dindo type 2 complication rate (20.6% vs 44.4%, p = 0.026). The retrospective nature and lack of precise definition of incontinence are the main limitations of this study. Conclusions This multicentric study strengthens the position of AUS as gold standard for SUI after radical prostatectomy. Comparable efficacy results were found for incontinence after BPO surgery, with nevertheless a higher rate of complications. Patient summary Artificial urinary sphincter represents the gold standard for the treatment of moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence. Efficacy results are comparable between postprostatectomy incontinence and incontinence after benign prostatic obstruction surgery.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:Several studies have suggested that spina bifida patients may have a poorer response to intradetrusor botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) injections than other neurological populat...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:Adjustable Continence Therapy (ACT®) balloons has been underused and often underestimated to treat urinary incontinence (UI) due to intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) i...

To establish whether the expression of markers of cell differentiation (CK7, CK14, CK20, GATA3), apoptosis (p53), proliferation (Ki67, STAG2) and peri-tumoural lymphocytes (CD3, CD8), provides specific information about urothelial carcinogenesis in neuro-urological patients with bladder cancer (NBC).Tissue samples from NBC were retrieved from 15 centres in France and compared to control samples from non neuro-urological patients with bladder cancer (NNBC) and from neuro-urological patients without bladder cancer (NB). The expression of CK7, CK14, CK20, GATA3, p53, Ki67, STAG2, CD3 and CD8 markers was analysed using immunohistochemistry of tissue microarray sections.Overall, tissue samples from 124 patients were included in the study (n = 72 NBC, n = 26 NNBC and n = 26 NB). Muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) was found in 52 NBC patients (72.2%) and squamous cell differentiation in 9 (12.5%). In NBC samples, the expression of CK20 and GATA3 was significantly more frequent in NMIBC compared to MIBC (p = 0.015 and p = 0.004, respectively). CK20 and GATA3 were significantly more expressed in NBC compared to NNBC (p 0.001 and p = 0.010, respectively). The expression of CK14, Ki67, CD3 and CD8 was significantly more frequent in NBC than in NNBC samples (p = 0.005, p 0.001, p 0.001 and p 0.001, respectively). The expression of CD3 and CD8 was similar in NBC and NB samples.In NBC, markers of basal differentiation, proliferation and peri-tumoural lymphocytes were significantly more expressed compared to NNBC controls. These results suggest the aggressiveness of NBC and the role of chronic inflammation in the carcinogenesis of bladder cancer in neuro-urological patients.

SOUNDS strengthens the evidence basis of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) for overactive bladder (OAB) through real-world data.To analyze diary-based effectiveness, quality of life (QoL), disease severity, symptom bother, and safety data for SNM with the InterStim system up to 3 yr after implantation.Twenty-five representative French sites enrolled 291 patients with OAB followed according to the local standard of care. Overall, 229 patients received a de novo or replacement InterStim implant and had four follow-up visits, two within the first yr and annually thereafter. A total of 190 patients completed the fourth follow-up visit after a mean of 33.7 ± 3.7 mo.The effectiveness outcomes measured were changes in daily voids and leaks and the therapy responder rates. Other outcomes included validated QoL data (Ditrovie and EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level questionnaires), disease severity (Urinary Symptom Profile [USP]), symptom bother rated using a numeric rating scale (NRS), and safety data. Follow-up data were compared to baseline results using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.Average daily voids and leaks were significantly reduced at all time points up to 3 yr after implantation (p0.05) except for voids at 21 mo in the group receiving a replacement device. The therapeutic response for urinary urge incontinence at the fourth follow-up was 72% for the de novo group and 86% for the replacement group. Disease-specific QoL (Ditrovie), OAB-specific symptom severity (USP domain 2), and NRS-rated disease bother were significantly improved at all visits (p0.001). Device- or procedure-related adverse events occurred in 49% of patients, with 68% of the events classified as minor (Clavien-Dindo grade I or II). Surgical revisions were performed in 33% of patients, including permanent removal in 13%, over a mean exposure time of 44.4 ± 15.3 mo.This study confirms the safety and effectiveness of SNM for OAB and improvements in QoL and disease bother in real life.Our study in French patients with overactive bladder showed that disease symptoms and bother were significantly reduced and quality of life was significantly improved over a study duration of approximately 3 yr after implantation of a device to stimulate nerves that control the bladder. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02186041.

BACKGROUND Transplantation from living donor nephrectomy (LDN) is the best treatment for end-stage renal disease but observed decrease in donor renal function is a major concern. The aim of this study was to externally validate a predictive model to estimate 1-y postdonation estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in living donors. METHODS All LDN performed at Necker Hospital from January 2006 to May 2018 were retrospectively included. Observed eGFR (using CKD-EPI formula) at 1-y post LDN was compared with the predicted eGFR calculated with a formula developed at Toulouse-Rangueil and based on predonation eGFR and age. Pearson correlation, receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC curve), and calibration curve were used to assess external validity of the proposed prognostic model to predict postoperative eGFR and occurrence of CKD in donors. RESULTS Four hundred donors were evaluated with a mean postoperative eGFR of 62.1 ± 14 mL/min/1.73m2. Significant correlation (Pearson r = 0.66; P < 0.001) and concordance (Bradley-Blackwood F = 49.189; P < 0.001) were observed between predicted and observed 1-y eGFR. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the model relevant accuracy was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.82-0.89). CONCLUSIONS This study externally validated the formula to predict 1-y postdonation eGFR. The calculator could be an accurate tool to improve the selection of living kidney donor candidate.

Purpose: To report the peri-operative, pathological and oncological outcomes of a contemporary series of open retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP), performed by one experienced surgeon on RRP technique developed by Barre C. Methods: We analyzed data of consecutive patients who underwent an RRP as first-line treatment for localized prostate cancer, from January 2014 to December 2018, in single French academic center. a) Benign capsular incision (BCI) and b) Benign glandular tissue incision (BGTI) were defined as: presence of inadvertent intraprostatic incisions into benign glandular tissue in regions where capsule was a) present and b) absent. Results: Overall, 312 patients were included. The rates of pT1c, pT2 and pT3 were 0.3% (n=1), 49.0% (n=153) and 50.6% (n=158), respectively. The rates of non-nerve sparing surgery (NSS), unilateral NSS and bilateral NSS were 20.5% (n=64), 31.4% (n=98) and 48.1% (n=150). The median length of hospital stay was 4.0 (3.0-5.0) days and the median estimated blood loss was 250.0 (150.0-180.0) milliliters. The total positive surgical margin (PSM) rate was 11.9% (n=37). The total pT2 PSM and pT3 PSM rates were 0% and 23.4% (n=37) and achieved a statistical difference (p

Current analgesic treatments for Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome (IC/BPS) are limited. Here, we propose a novel antinociceptive strategy exploiting the opioid-mediated analgesic properties of T lymphocytes to relieve from bladder pain. In a chronic model of IC/BPS in rats, we show that a secondary T cell response against intravesically administered ovalbumin prevents from visceral pain in OVA-primed animals. The analgesic effect is associated with the recruitment of T lymphocytes within the inflamed mucosa and is reversed by naloxone-methiodide, a peripheral opioid receptor antagonist. Similarly, intravesical instillation of BCG or tetanus toxoid antigens in vaccinated rats protects from pain in the same model. We show opioid-dependent analgesic properties of local vaccine antigen recall in a preclinical rat model of chronic cystitis. Since BCG bladder instillation is regularly used in humans (as anticancer therapy), our results open it as a new therapeutic positioning for a pain management indication for IC/BPS patients.

International audience; BackgroundReal-world data that support the use of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) for lower urinary tract dysfunctions are of continued interest.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness, quality of life (QoL), patient-reported outcomes (PROs), and safety of SNM with the InterStim™ system in real life during 1-yr postimplant.Design, setting, and participantsThis is a prospective, multicenter, observational study at 25 representative public and private French sites. Eligible patients received SNM therapy for overactive bladder (OAB) and non-obstructive urinary retention based on local standard of care. Overall, 320 patients were enrolled; 247 received permanent implant or replacement; 204 implanted patients completed second follow-up after mean of 10.0 ± 3.8 mo.Outcome measurements and statistical analysisEffectiveness outcomes were change in voids, leaks, and catheterizations/day. Other outcomes included validated QoL and disease severity scores as well as PROs and adverse event data. Outcomes at follow-ups were compared with baseline using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.Results and limitationsVoids in urinary frequency (UF) and leaks/day in urinary urge incontinence (UI) patients were significantly reduced after 10 mo in both de novo (mean baseline voids/day UF de novo: 12.7 vs 8.6 after 10 mo; p < 0.001; mean baseline leaks/day UI de novo: 4.3 vs 1.1 after 10 mo; p < 0.001) and replacement patients (mean baseline voids/day UF replacement: 11.5 vs 7.9 after 10 mo; p < 0.001; mean baseline leaks/day UI replacement: 5.4 vs 1.0 after 10 mo; p < 0.001). Disease bother, Urinary Symptom Profile score, and Ditrovie questionnaire score were also significantly improved. Revisions postimplant occurred in 20% of patients including in 9% due to permanent explantation during a mean exposure time of 24.3 mo.ConclusionsThrough a real-life study, SOUNDS (Sacral neuromOdUlation with InterStim™ therapy for intractable lower uriNary tract DySfunctions) confirms the clinical effectiveness, safety, and positive effect of SNM on QoL and PROs for the treatment of OAB patients.Patient summaryThese analyses on French patients who received sacral neuromodulation (SNM) for retention or OAB during a 10-mo period showed that SNM improved OAB symptoms, quality of life, and reduced disease bother.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02186041

International audience; AimTo compare treatment success rate in terms of improvement of bladder overactivity between unilateral and bilateral sacral neuromodulation testing.MethodsA multicentric, parallel, randomized, open pilot trial (October 2012‐September 2017) was conducted. Participants presented primary overactive bladder resistant to first‐line treatments. Patients were excluded in case of secondary bladder, pelvic, or neurological condition. Patients were randomized between bilateral testing (n = 28) or unilateral testing (n = 27), to determine the best functional response before final implantation. The primary outcome was the rate of patients presenting at least 50% of clinical improvement at 1 month on urinary frequency, number of urge incontinence episodes or number of urinary urgency episodes. Symptom severity, implantation success rate, uroflowmetry, device tolerance, complications, and quality of life were also assessed.ResultsFifty‐five patients have been included. The rate of patients presenting at least one significant clinical improvement at month 1 was 62% in the bilateral group versus 84% in the unilateral group (P = .0891), RR = 0.74 (0.51; 1.07). There was no significant difference between bilateral and unilateral groups in terms of improvement of urinary frequency (0% and 17%; P = .1115), number of urge incontinence episodes (52% and 63%; P = .4929) or number of urinary urgency episodes (57% and 74%; P = .2411). More complications were reported in the bilateral group than in the unilateral group (9 [47%] vs 4 [16%], respectively; P = .0239).ConclusionSystematic bilateral sacral neuromodulation testing before final implantation did not appear to increase success rate compared with unilateral stimulation in the treatment of overactive bladder.

Management of pregnancy and delivery in women with lower urinary tract reconstruction is challenging and the currently available literature is insufficient to guide clinical practice. We report pregnancy and delivery outcomes in this specific population.We conducted a national multicenter retrospective study (16 centers) including 68 women with 96 deliveries between 1998 and 2019. These women had at least 1 successful pregnancy and delivery after augmentation enterocystoplasty, catheterizable channel creation and/or artificial urinary sphincter implantation. Maternal and fetal complications during pregnancy and delivery were reported, as well as postpartum functional outcomes, according to the delivery mode. The chi-square test and Student's t-test were used to compare categorical and continuous variables, respectively.Overall 32% of reported pregnancies were complicated by febrile urinary tract infections, 13.5% by renal colic and 14.6% required upper urinary tract diversion. In addition, 10% of patients reported transient self-catheterization difficulties and 13.5% reported de novo or increased urinary incontinence. The preterm delivery rate was 35.3%. Elective C-section was performed in 61% of pregnancies. Twenty complications occurred during delivery (20%), including 19 during elective C-section. Urinary continence at 1 year was unchanged for 93.5% of deliveries. Delivery mode (p=0.293) and multiparity (p=0.572) had no impact on urinary continence.In this population C-section appeared to be associated with a high risk of complications. In the absence of any obstetric or neurological contraindications, vaginal delivery should be proposed as the first line option to the majority of these women.

Retrospective cohort study. To assess the effectiveness and complications of treatment for neurogenic stress urinary incontinence (nSUI) by Adjustable Continence Therapy (ACT™ and ProACT™). France. A retrospective multicentre study of consecutive patients with neurological pathologies treated for nSUI with ACT balloons. From January 2001 to January 2013, 102 patients were implanted. Mean (SD) age at implantation was 48.4 (16.5) years. Patients were followed-up for a mean 2.7 (2.3) years. After implantation, 5.9% of patients were totally continent, 51.2% had an improvement in symptoms of at least 50% (including 14.6% with improvements of at least 90%), and 48.8% had improvements of

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to compare the efficacy of a product containing cranberry and propolis (DUAB) to placebo for reducing frequency of cystitis in women with recurrent acute cystitis. Method: A multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized study of women aged >18 years with at least 4 episodes of cystitis in the previous 12 months was performed. The number of cystitis episodes over a 6-month follow-up was the primary end point. Results: Forty-two women were included in the cranberry + propolis group, and 43 women were in the placebo group. The mean age was 53 ± 18 years, with 6.2 ± 3.6 cystitis episodes in the previous year, with no differences between the 2 groups. The mean number of infections was lower in the propolis + cranberry group (respectively, 2.3 ± 1.8 vs. 3.1 ± 1.8). The total number of cystitis episodes in the first 3 months was lower in the propolis + cranberry group (0.7 ± 1.1 vs. 1.3 ± 1.1, p = 0.0257) after adjusting for water consumption. The mean time to onset of the first urinary tract infection (UTI) was also significantly longer in the propolis + cranberry group (69.9 ± 45.8 days vs. 43.3 ± 45.9, p = 0.0258). Tolerance to the treatments was good and comparable in both groups. Conclusions: We demonstrate for the first time that cranberry and propolis supplementation significantly reduces the incidence of UTIs during the first 3 months and delays the onset of an episode of cystitis.