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We present new zircon U-Pb ages and Hf isotope compositions as well as whole-rock major- and trace-element geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic data for silicic plutonic and volcanic rocks from the Duolong area of central Tibet. Combined with existing data, our new data indicate that these plutonic and volcanic rocks were formed in two stages ca. 120 Ma and ca. 110 Ma, respectively, in a postcollisional extensional setting that was triggered by slab breakoff. The similar geochemical compositions of granitoids and rhyolites, combined with their close spatial and temporal relationships, suggest that they were both derived from juvenile crustal material within a single magmatic system. We propose that the two inferred crustal melting events in the Duolong area were caused by two episodes of deep mantle activity triggered by the transition of the plate subduction angle from steep to shallow in response to the ascent of buoyant continental lithosphere during slab breakoff. Furthermore, rapid surface uplift during the late Early Cretaceous caused by slab breakoff made an important contribution to the formation of the proto–Tibetan Plateau. This study provides new insights into postcollisional tectonomagmatism and plateau uplift in central Tibet triggered by slab breakoff. We propose more generally that tectonic uplift during postcollisional processes (i.e., slab breakoff and lithospheric delamination) is a major contributor to plateau uplift in collision zones.

Slab breakoff can explain the postcollisional igneous and metamorphic events in many collisional orogens and triggers the transition from initial continental collision to deep subduction. However, the relationship between the deep-seated geometry of slab breakoff and shallow tectono-magmatic events remains unclear. In this study, we report new geochronological, geochemical, and Hf isotope data for granitic rocks from the Qiangtang block. Three granitic samples yielded zircon U-Pb ages of 226−214 Ma and mostly gave negative zircon εHf(t) values of −20.1 to +0.57. These granitoids are K-rich, calc-alkaline, magnesian, and metaluminous to weakly peraluminous. We propose that the granites were generated by partial melting of compositionally heterogeneous lower crust in the Southern Qiangtang block. Our new data, along with previously published data for igneous and metamorphic rocks in the Qiangtang block, suggest that the Longmu Co−Shuanghu suture zone represents a remnant of the closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean, and that the Late Triassic tectono-magmatic evolution was controlled by slab breakoff after continental collision. The contrasting magmatic and metamorphic ages show that the two stages of tectono-magmatic activity in the Late Triassic were due to a change in the subduction angle of the continental lithosphere from steep (225−215 Ma) to shallow (215−205 Ma) during slab breakoff. Furthermore, we infer that slab breakoff of the oceanic lithosphere caused extensive crustal melting and reworking and initiated far-field subduction. Our results provide new insights into the slab breakoff processes that control the geometry of subducting continental lithosphere and related postcollisional magmatic and metamorphic events in collision zones.

Supplementary methods, tables, figures and legends to figures Supplementary Figure 1. The structure of AB loops for sIFN-I and IFNα-2b and comparison on the sequences for sIFN-I and IFNα-21. Supplementary Figure 2. Quantification of phosphorylaiton of STAT1/3 in Figure 3C Supplementary Figure 3. Analysis of the cell surface IFNAR1 levels in the A549-IFNAR1-KO cell clones by FACS. Supplementary Figure 4. sIFN-I shows potent anti-solid tumor effect in immunocompromised mice models. Supplementary Figure 5. sIFN-I treatment decreases cell proliferation and induces senescence in vivo. Supplementary Figure 6. The antitumor effect of sIFN-I in immunocompetent tumor models. Supplementary Figure 7. FACS analysis of splenocytes from tumor-bearing mice treated with sIFN-I. Supplementary Table 1. Primer sequences used in this study. Supplementary Table 2. Primary antibodies used in this study. Supplementary Table 3. The pharmacokinetic index of human IFNα-2b or sIFN-I administered as in Figure 4B was analyzed by WinNonlin version 6.2 software.

Purpose: Antiproliferative, antiviral, and immunomodulatory activities of endogenous type I IFNs (IFN1) prompt the design of recombinant IFN1 for therapeutic purposes. However, most of the designed IFNs exhibited suboptimal therapeutic efficacies against solid tumors. Here, we report evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo antitumorigenic activities of a novel recombinant IFN termed sIFN-I.Experimental Design: We compared primary and tertiary structures of sIFN-I with its parental human IFNα-2b, as well as affinities of these ligands for IFN1 receptor chains and pharmacokinetics. These IFN1 species were also compared for their ability to induce JAK–STAT signaling and expression of the IFN1-stimulated genes and to elicit antitumorigenic effects. Effects of sIFN-I on tumor angiogenesis and immune infiltration were also tested in transplanted and genetically engineered immunocompetent mouse models.Results: sIFN-I displayed greater affinity for IFNAR1 (over IFNAR2) chain of the IFN1 receptor and elicited a greater extent of IFN1 signaling and expression of IFN-inducible genes in human cells. Unlike IFNα-2b, sIFN-I induced JAK–STAT signaling in mouse cells and exhibited an extended half-life in mice. Treatment with sIFN-I inhibited intratumoral angiogenesis, increased CD8+ T-cell infiltration, and robustly suppressed growth of transplantable and genetically engineered tumors in immunodeficient and immunocompetent mice.Conclusions: These findings define sIFN-I as a novel recombinant IFN1 with potent preclinical antitumorigenic effects against solid tumor, thereby prompting the assessment of sIFN-I clinical efficacy in humans. Clin Cancer Res; 23(8); 2038–49. ©2016 AACR.

A number of sediment-hosted, Carlin-type/-like gold deposits are distributed in the Youjiang basin of SW China. The gold ores are characterized by high As, Hg, and Sb contents but with low base metal contents (Cu+Pb+Zn &lt, 500&ndash, 1000 ppm). The Nibao deposit is unique among these gold deposits by having tennantite&ndash, tetrahedrite-series minerals in its ores. The deposit is also unique in being primarily hosted in the relatively unreactive siliceous pyroclastic rocks, unlike classic Carlin-type gold deposits that are hosted in carbonates or calcareous clastic rocks. In this study, we have identified tennantite-(Zn), tennantite-(Hg), and tetrahedrite-(Zn) from the tennantite&ndash, tetrahedrite-series mineral assemblage. The tennantite-(Zn) can be further divided into two sub-types of Tn-(Zn)-I, and Tn-(Zn)-II, Tn-(Zn)-I, usually occurs in the core of a Tennantite&ndash, tetrahedrite composite and appears the darkest under the SEM image, whereas Tn-(Zn)-II overgrows on Tn-(Zn)-I and is overgrown by tetrahedrite-(Zn). Tennantite-(Hg) occasionally occurs as inclusions near the uneven boundary between Tn-(Zn)-I and Tn-(Zn)-II. An appreciable amount of Au (up to 3540 ppm) resides in the tennantite&ndash, tetrahedrite-series minerals, indicating that the latter is a major Au host at Nibao. The coexistence of tennantite&ndash, tetrahedrite-series minerals and Au-bearing pyrite indicates the Nibao ore fluids were more oxidized than the Carlin-type ore fluids. The tennantite&ndash, tetrahedrite series at Nibao evolved from Tn-(Zn)-I through Tn-(Zn)-II to tetrahedrite-(Zn), which is likely caused by Sb accumulation in the ore fluids. This indicates that the Nibao ore fluids may have become more reduced and less acidic during Au precipitation.

The continuous model is introduced, and the nonlinear partial differential equations of taut-slack mooring line system are transferred to nonlinear algebraic equations through tanh method, and four solitary solutions are obtained further. At the same time, to express the results clearly, the curve surfaces of strains, displacements, and tension are plotted. The results show that there are four different solutions in the system. With the pretension increasing, the tension changes from one solitary solution to snap tension, and when the pretension is increased further, the curve converts to continuous line, until straight line, which is corresponding to the taut mooring line. In the process of increasing of pretension, the mooring line transfers from slack to taut, accompanied with tension skipping, which is reduced by the system parameters, and different combination of parameters may introduce different tension in line, and the uncertainty may cause the breakage of mooring system. The results have an agreement with experiment, which shows that the calculating method in this paper may be believable and feasible. This work may provide reference for design of mooring system.

Nibao is a unique thrust fault-controlled and strata-bound disseminated gold deposit in southwestern Guizhou Province, China. In Nibao, pyrite is the major sulfide mineral and Au is structurally bound (Au+) within the pyrite lattice. In this study, we conducted detailed analyses of the pyrite chemistry and S isotope composition in Nibao using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and laser ablation multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS), respectively. Through petrographic and pyrite chemical studies, four pyrite generations (Py1–Py4) were distinguished: framboidal pyrite (Py1, pre-ore sedimentary stage), clean pyrite overgrowing framboidal pyrite (Py2, pre-ore diagenetic stage), “spongy” pyrite (Py3, early ore stage), and overgrowth of narrow pyrite rims surrounding Py2/Py3 and disseminated pyrite associated with arsenopyrite (Py4, main ore stage). Among these, Py2 and Py4 are the most abundant. The trace element content in Py2 is characterized by a wide range of As, Cu, Sb, and Pb concentrations (~2480–58100 ppm, ~55.4–1610 ppm, ~29.1–232 ppm, and ~24.1–376 ppm, respectively), while Py4 has the highest Au, As, Cu, and Se contents (~70 ppm, ~4200, ~1630 ppm, and ~38.3 ppm, respectively). The δ34S values of pre-ore pyrites measured by LA-MC-ICP-MS in this study and the available data in the literature range broadly from −53.3 to 114.8‰, indicating that they were most likely generated by bacterial reduction from marine sulfate during sedimentation/diagenesis. Meanwhile, the δ34S values of ore pyrites have relative narrow δ34S values, mostly varying from −5 to 5‰, and indicating that the S was derived either from the average of sedimentary rocks or from a magmatic source. Since igneous rocks are scarce in the region and the exposed (~77–99 Ma) are clearly younger than the mineralization age of the Nibao gold deposit (~141 Ma), a magmatic source is unlikely in Nibao. All pyrites in this study show a positive correlation (R2 = 0.71) between Co and Ni, and the Co/Ni and Zn/Ni ratios of main stage Py4 are close to or within the range defined for a sedimentary–diagenetic origin, suggesting a sedimentary source is more likely in Nibao.

Background To explore the differences and correlations between the target volumes defined using preoperative prone diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and postoperative prone computed tomography (CT) simulation imaging based on deformable image registration (DIR) for external-beam partial breast irradiation (EB-PBI) after breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Methods Eighteen breast cancer patients suitable for EB-PBI were enrolled. Preoperative prone diagnostic MRI and postoperative prone CT scan sets for all the patients were acquired during free breathing. Target volumes and ipsilateral breast were all contoured by the same radiation oncologist. The gross tumor volume (GTV) delineated on the preoperative MRI images was denoted as the GTVpreMR and the tumor bed (TB) delineated on the postoperative prone CT images was denoted as the GTVpostCT. The MIM software system was used to deformably register the MRI and CT images. Results When based on the coincidence of the compared target centers, there were statistically significant increases in the conformity index (CI) and degree of inclusion (DI) values for GTVpostCT-GTVpreMR, GTVpostCT-CTVpreMR + 10, CTVpostCT + 10-GTVpreMR, and CTVpostCT + 10-CTVpreMR + 10 when compared with those based on the DIR of the thorax (Z = − 3.724, − 3.724, − 2.591, − 3.593, all P

Detection of community structures in complex networks is a common challenge in the study of complex networks. Recently, various methods have been proposed to discover community structures at different scales. Here, the multiscale methods based on Potts spin model for community detection are described and compared in the analysis of community structures of several networks. We give a critical analysis of the multiscale methods, showing a kind of limitation that the methods may suffer from when the community size difference is very broad, the breakup of (large) communities will appear before the merger of (small) communities disappears. In particular, we give the explicit expressions for the critical points of the merger and breakup of communities and derive the sufficient conditions (in the form of upper limits) that indicate when the Potts model methods suffer from the limitation. We apply the theoretical results to model networks and show that the method using the configuration null model (i.e., a random graph model as comparison that has the same degree distribution as the network under study) may not recover the full structure of the model network, whereas the method using the Erdös-Rényi null model will do so.

This paper mainly describes a novel biodegradable material poly (butylene carbonate) (PBC) to blending toughing modification for polylactic acid (PLA), and prepared the PBC/PLA biodegradable film) of improved toughness. To research the effect of thermol performance and mechanical properties (tensile strength and breaking elongation rate) through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential thermal scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and tensile testing to expound different ratio of PBC and additive plasticizer, (lubricant and chain extender) .

The geoelectrochemical-extraction measurement is a ore prospecting method of deep-penetrating geochemistry, by using the element receptors to extract the mobile metal ions from the soil under the artificial electric field to look for the hidden ore deposit. The study of using the geoelectrochemical-extraction measurement method to look for blind lead-zinc ore deposit has been carried out in the Fuzichong lead-zinc polymetallic ore deposit and Panlong lead-zinc ore deposit of Guangxi, which resulted in the clearly geoelectrochemical anormaly above the known ore bodies. And the ore prospecting forecast conducted in the unknown ore regions shows that it is feasible to use the geoelectrochemical-extraction measurement method to expore the deep hidden lead-zinc ore deposits.

The Qinling orogenic belt (QOB) located between the North China Craton (NCC) and the South China Craton (SCC) is composed of the Northern Qinling Belt (NQB) and the Southern Qinling Belt (SQB). This study presents new geochemical data, zircon U-Pb ages and Hf isotopes from two rocks from the Qinling complex in the NQB. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results suggest that the Qinling complex was formed in early Neoproterozoic and experienced the early Paleozoic metamorphism. High εHf(t) values of 9.0-12.0 for the early Paleozoic zircons indicated that there is mantle-derived magma intruding into the Qinling complex in the early Paleozoic.

In this paper, Taken the methyl hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPMA) as functional monomer, a novel poly (butyl acrylate)-poly (methyl methacrylate-methyl hydroxypropyl acrylate) (PBA-P(MMA-HPMA)) core-shell latex particles were synthesized by the method of pre-emulsion semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization. The structure and morphology of core-shell latex particles were characterized by the way of laser particle size analyzer, transmission electron microscope (TEM), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), nonaqueous acid-base titration, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Experimental results showed that the average size of PBA-P(MMA-HPMA) core-shell latex particles was 340nm and the average size of PBA core latex particles was 270nm. The functional monomer HPMA really participated in shell layer copolymerization, when the dosage of HPMA was 8% of shell monomer, HPMA content in the shell was the largest and reached 2.16%. Tg value of the copolymer P(MMA-HPMA) was firstly increased and then reduced with the increasing of HPMA content in shell.

The core-shell structure copolymer of PBA/PS was prepared using pre-emulsion and semi-continues polymerization process. The particle size of core-shell latex and the St conversion of shell monomer were affected by emulsifier, initiator, pH and temperature etc. Meanwhile, the laser particle size analyzer, transmission electron microscope and other test methods were utilized to study latex particle average particle size, size distribution and morphological structure, respectively. The kinetics of polymerization was investigated. Well-defined core-shell structure and narrow particle sizedistribution could be achieved under starved conditions of monomer feeding. By the means of TEM found that PBA/PS latex particles had clearly core/shell morphology.

In this paper, a novel large dimension poly(n-butyl acrylate)-poly(methyl methacrylate-itaconic acid) (PBA-P(MMA-ITA)) core-shell latex particles (CSR) with diameter of 200 nm∼300 nm were successfully synthesized via pre-emulsion and semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization process. The analysis on the surface tension and coagulation rate of polymeric system, size and distribution of latex particles indicated that the composite emulsifier of sodium dodecyl sulfonate/polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether (SDS/OP-10) had the best emulsified effect. The optimal ratio of SDS/OP-10 was 1:1 and its optimum dosage was 1.0% of monomer amount. FTIR analysis results confirmed that ITA participated in the copolymerization reaction and the chemical bond between P(MMA-ITA) copolymer and PBA core existed in the interfacial of core and shell. DSC analysis results showed that the glass transition temperature (T g) of P(MMA-ITA) copolymer increased with the increase of the ITA dosage and decreased with the increase of ...

Purpose: Antiproliferative, antiviral, and immunomodulatory activities of endogenous type I IFNs (IFN1) prompt the design of recombinant IFN1 for therapeutic purposes. However, most of the designed IFNs exhibited suboptimal therapeutic efficacies against solid tumors. Here, we report evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo antitumorigenic activities of a novel recombinant IFN termed sIFN-I. Experimental Design: We compared primary and tertiary structures of sIFN-I with its parental human IFNα-2b, as well as affinities of these ligands for IFN1 receptor chains and pharmacokinetics. These IFN1 species were also compared for their ability to induce JAK–STAT signaling and expression of the IFN1-stimulated genes and to elicit antitumorigenic effects. Effects of sIFN-I on tumor angiogenesis and immune infiltration were also tested in transplanted and genetically engineered immunocompetent mouse models. Results: sIFN-I displayed greater affinity for IFNAR1 (over IFNAR2) chain of the IFN1 receptor and elicited a greater extent of IFN1 signaling and expression of IFN-inducible genes in human cells. Unlike IFNα-2b, sIFN-I induced JAK–STAT signaling in mouse cells and exhibited an extended half-life in mice. Treatment with sIFN-I inhibited intratumoral angiogenesis, increased CD8+ T-cell infiltration, and robustly suppressed growth of transplantable and genetically engineered tumors in immunodeficient and immunocompetent mice. Conclusions: These findings define sIFN-I as a novel recombinant IFN1 with potent preclinical antitumorigenic effects against solid tumor, thereby prompting the assessment of sIFN-I clinical efficacy in humans. Clin Cancer Res; 23(8); 2038–49. ©2016 AACR.

The aim of this study was to determine a method of dose prescription that minimizes normal tissue irradiation outside the planning target volume (PTV) during stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Previous research and patients with typical T1 lung tumors with peripheral lesions in the lung were selected for analysis. A PTV and several organs at risk (OARs) were constructed for the dose calculated; six treatment plans employing intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) were produced, in which the dose was prescribed to encompass the PTV, with the prescription isodose level (PIL) set at 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 or 95% of the isocenter dose. Additionally, four OARs around the PTV were constructed to evaluate the dose received in adjacent tissues.The use of higher PILs for SBRT resulted in improved sparing of OARs, with the exception of the volume of lung treated with a lower dose.The use of lower PILs is likely to create significant inhomogeneity of the dose delivered to the target, which may be beneficial for the control of tumors with poor conformity indices.

In order to attain the purpose of anti-galloping, a simplified model for iced quad bundle conductors of three degrees of freedom in vertical, horizontal and torsional directions is established by means of the Hamilton principle, in which the effect of spacers stiffness and damping is considered. Based on the model, the influence of related parameters such as fluid density, damping ratio on conductor galloping amplitude and critical wind velocity is analyzed. Simultaneously, the relation curve between elastic property of spacers and conductor galloping is obtained. The results indicate that the conductor galloping can be weakened to some degree with the proper enlargement of damping ratio, the reasonable setting of spring stiffness on spacers and the avoidance of areas such as the wind outlet and windward as much as possible when choosing the line path and so on.

In order to obtained the constitutive equations of thermal insulation masonry, the four masonry with different angles has pressed. Study on thermal insulation of masonry compressive mechanical parameters of constitutive equation and two-stage by compression stress-strain curves obtained in the servo press machine tests and data processing. The Basic mechanics parameters can be provided for finite element analysis of thermal insulation composite wall. The experiments showed that the constitutive model is discretization and the maximum stress and strain by press machine testing is different from brick masonry. The constitutive model is close with curve by press machine testing. The performance of mechanics in thermal insulation wall can be application by the stress-strain curves of thermal insulation of masonry. The stress-strain curves based experiments can be used finite element analysis of thermal insulation wall.

An environment-friendly material MgO-ZrO2 brick which is hoped to substitute for MgO-Cr2O3 brick was investigated. The using effects of MgO-ZrO2 brick and MgO-Cr2O3 brick were compared by rotating slag attacking method whose environment is similar to the environment in RH degasser. It indicates that the corrosion resistance performance of MgO-ZrO2 brick is better than that of MgO-Cr2O3 brick. Due to the effect of molten steel, slag and oxygen, Fe being oxidized to FeO or Fe2O3 at high temperature 1900K will produce volume expansion which results in MgO-Cr2O3 brick being cracked. At the same time, Cr2O3 will be decomposed to CrO3 gas, which will be evaporated seriously by the airflow and lead to MgO-Cr2O3 brick structural loosen and deterioration, ultimately. While the activity of oxygen dissolved molten steel is extremely low and ZrO2 is stable in the rotary kiln at 1900K. Furthermore, ZrO2 will react rapidly with CaO and its product CaZrO3 will form dense layer to prevent MgO-ZrO2 brick from being corroded. Therefore, trial production of MgO-ZrO2 brick applied for RH degasser is recommended.

A method for getting high quality Pb isotope ratio analysis using 207Pb-204Pb double spike method has been developed at Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), which corrected the mass fractionation effects during small amount Pb loading isotopic analysis by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS), with the minimum amount of 8×10-9g Pb per load. The double spike method effectively improves in both precision and accuracy without recourse to excessively rigorous loading or run conditions. Over a period of fifteen months accuracy double spike tested for Pb standard SRM981 in SIO isotope laboratory, an external precision of ±0.0038、±0.0040、±0.0122 (2σ, n=53) was obtained for 206Pb/204Pb, 207 Pb/204Pb and 208Pb/204Pb rations, although the small amount Pb loading, which present a same excellent accuracy and external precision as other laboratories reported. Therefore, this method is superior to precise and accurate isotope analyses of low level Pb concentration geological and environmental samples, and will be a highly powerful tool in the future of earth sciences and environmental sciences.

Mooring lines are one of the most important parts of spar platforms. In this work, experimental investigation was carried out to obtain the dynamic tension and discover the nonlinear characters while a mooring line transfers from taut to taut–slack. Results show that, when system parameters change, the mooring line system may transform from one steady state to another, accompanied by tension skip that is 5 times the former steady tension and twice the latter steady tension. Such skip tension may result in platform breakage. For the entire cable structure, the effects of system parameters are very important and need further theoretical research. The presented research lays the foundation for further studies on this transforming mechanism and for optimization of engineering designs.

In order to get the requirements of workability and basic mechanical properties of self-compacting lightweight aggregate concrete, fixed sand and gravel volume method and overall calculation method are used to mix design. Slump flow and L-box tests are used to test the workability of self-compacting lightweight aggregate concrete, the strength increasing and the final value are tested by compression tests. For contrast, a set of common concrete is selected to compare the differences of efficiency. Tests indicated that the 5 groups of self-compacting lightweight aggregate concrete can get the requirements of workability and compressive strength, and the structure efficiency can be significantly higher than normal concrete.

In order to get the workability requirements of the preparation of self-compacting lightweight aggregate concrete, fixed sand and gravel volume method and overall calculation method are used in this article to calculate the mix of SCLC30. Orthogonal table L9 (34) is used for test design. In order to analysis the factors of gravel dosage coefficient, sand dosage coefficient, fly ash replace ratio and superplasticizer usage has great influence on concrete by slump flow, L-box and steel-ring tests. The result shows that the groups of 1,3,7,8 have the best workability in 9 groups. On the basis of analysis, gravel coefficient of 0.5, sand coefficient of 0.42, fly ash of 30% and superplasticizer of 1.5% are selected for the optimal mix, so this group has an excellent workability.

Slag corrosion resistance behavior of MgO-ZrO2 refractory was investigated in this work. The results indicated that in the non-oriented electric steel slag system with a high ratio of calcia to silica, the slag resistance behavior of MgO-ZrO2 composite could be described as follows: the ZrO2 reacts with CaO forming the calcium zirconate compound which is densification encapsulating periclase lay. However, in the oriented electric steel slag system with a high concentration of silica and the low ratio value of calcia to silica, the slag corrosion resistance behavior of MgO-ZrO2 composite is different. The ZrO2 would react with CaO forming the calcium zirconate and simultaneously, one more product C2S as well. C2S has double response of strength and could increase corrosion resistance performance by blinding pore and thickening slag viscosity. Therefore, it is expected to be the major reason for the enhanced corrosion resistance behavior observed for MgO-ZrO2 refractory.

The method which is based on industrial fieldbus of Modbus protocol for the surface plates flatness measurement and control system is presented in this paper. The systerm is according to the evaluation rule of diagonal stationing, and uses the evaluation method of minimal conditions principle. The systerm uses SOC system level MCU as the core, and through multi-channel eddy current displacement sensor to collect the data of the flat. PC uses LabVIEW design man-machine interface, and uses the access database technology to realize the collection of the flat data and the management of the history gathering information.The whole system design is simple, function strong stability and high ratio, and has been used on one production line already.

in this paper, super low noise mining system is analyzed with dynamics model, every constructional element is studied with analysis of kinematics and dynamics, the path of the mass center, angular velocity and angular acceleration of every constructional element is obtained. Nonlinear vibration differential equations of the system are obtained according to Alembert principle. Through numerical analysis, the enforced situation and dynamo load torque of the joint between every constructional element is gained, the influence of crank angle on system response is acquired, and the result has a certain reference value to optimization of the system.

Considering strongly nonlinear characteristic of iced conductor rotating around its center of mass in the wind-deviation plane, two dynamic equations are constructed by using Den. Hartog criterion and O. Nigol criterion, and galloping characteristics between them are studied, which can provide references for constructing correct iced conductor galloping models. By comparative analysis of two models, the vibration frequency of O. Nigol model is slightly higher than that of Den. Hartog model, and the amplitude of O. Nigol model is smaller. Then the stability of iced conductor galloping and the effects of parameters on galloping amplitude are discussed, from which can conclude that the trends of two models varying with parameters are basically identical. But for numerical, O. Nigol model is more accurate.

In this paper, the comparative study of RWIV will be proceeding. Aim at the model of rivulet, a kind of sine function is accepted, and another kind of rivulet model is established on the basis of analysis on the stress of the rivulet. Aim at the model of cable’s initial curve under gravity, a kind of parabolic function is accepted, and another kind of model accepted as a catenary. Then, solve the equations of cable and the rivulet jointly by numerical method, get the characteristics of motion of the cable and rivulet, then investigate the factors which is related with the model. The influence of the different model of cable is very little when the rivulet model is assumed as a sine function. However, the influence of the different model of cable is large when the rivulet model is established on the basis of analysis on the stress. Then discover the catenary cable with moving rivulet is more rational with the field observation.

In order to study the foundation pit supporting structure displacement of the change rule and different parameters on the transverse displacement effect of pile. My research based on supporting structure engineering of Shenyang Washington. We use the software ADINA as a research tools to establish a finite element model. We simulated and analyzed the displacement with and without anchor. Results show that adding anchor supporting played a very good supporting effect, and the simulation results and actual test results compared and analyzed proved reasonable and simulation design scheme was feasible, this excavation has some guidance for the engineering and a certain reference for similar deep foundation pit bracing. [1]

MR-TMD is a new type of semi-active control device which combines with Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) and a Magnetorheological (MR) Damper. Taking German ICE3 high-speed railway train through 32meters simply supported box girder bridge for example, a dynamical model of Train-Bridge coupling vibration system is established by considering track irregularities. The relations between the bridge vibration and track irregularities with dampers are studied and the effects of vibration control with TMD and MR-TMD on the bridge are comparatively analyzed. The results show that the effects of track irregularities on vertical displacement of the bridge are relatively small, but on vibration acceleration are relatively large. As the train speed increases, the effects of track irregularities on the vibration acceleration is lager. As the track irregularities increase, the accelerations are greater. MR-TMD is able to inhibit vibration of bridge effectively, and has a wider control range and frequency bandwidth.

Based on the test results of 448 sets of concrete mixtures (which have been divided into three groups), a concrete strength prediction model has been established using a stepwise regression method. The kinds and qualities of raw materials, which has a total comes to 17 factors, has been considered as the independent variables. It has been found that the forecast precision is not always improving along with the increase of independent variable number, so one or more factors may be "redundant" and should be reducted. A rough sets (RS) method has been adopted for the variable reduction, with different parameter combinations are tested. The results has shown that in each cases the forecast precision of the model are higher than the Bowromi formula’s. Some regularities for the parameters’ selections are existed, but not all the parameters can be given positively, so a trial process is still necessary.

Researching and developing chrome-free refractory becomes a research hotspot at present because hexavalent chromium ions (Cr6+) may lead to environmental hazard. The additives lanthanum oxide (La2O3), effect on mechanism of spinel refractory react with cement clinker, several additives, such as cerium oxide (Ce2O3), titanium dioxide (TiO2), barium oxide (BaO), iron oxide (Fe2O3), are researched in this paper. It indicates that La2O3 is a suitable additive to MgO-MgAl2O4-ZrO2 brick which not only could stabilize phase transition of dicalcium silicate (C2S) in cement, but also do not impair the high-temperature-properties of spinel. The new environmentally friendly material spinel and lanthanum zirconate Composite is an excellent refractory for cement kiln which has high thermal shock resistance, good coating adherence, good corrosion resistance, higher mechanical strength, and longer service life than magnesia-chrome brick when they are used for sintering zone in cement kiln.

According to industry and agriculture domain which applied temperature sensor need calibration. It is proposed the temperature calibration system design which based on the environmental of the LabVIEW programming to complete the parameter calibration and characteristics analysis of temperature sensor. The design communicates to serial bus by VISA programming interface to complete setting the temperature of the FLUKE9171 temperature calibrator, and get the temperature informations of the Multi-channel DS18B20 temperature sensor. It demarcates the collected data by using the method of the curve fitting, to complete the accurate calibration of the the temperature which collected by temperature sensor. The whole system design is parameters custom, intelligent, self-adaption, which has been applied on a sensor calibration system.

Polyurethane elastomers (PUE) were prepared by casting method using the prepolymer and the chain extender. In here, the prepolymer synthesized by using poly(tetramethylene glycol ether) (PTMG) and toluene diisocyanate (TDI), the chain extender was a mixture of 3,5-dimetylthio toluene diamine (E-300) and triethanolamine. The effects of the NCO concentration in prepolymer, the molar ratio of E-300/triethanolamine, and the chain extension coefficient of NCO/NH2 on the mechanical properties of the prepared PUE were studied. The results showed that the prepared PUE possesses excellent mechanical properties which can meet the drum scraper’s application requirements when the NCO concentration in prepolymer was 5.06% and the molar ratio of composite chain extender was 0.92/0.08.

For automated testing system to manage harvesting data requirements, the paper discusses the method of using the tool of LabSQL database access to visit access database on LabVIEW programming circumstances, and gives an example of specific database management in data collection of application. The system communicated with fieldbus and based on VISA programming interface, acquisition to obtain multi-channel sensor signals. Reusing database technology to realize data query, backup, import management functions for the detection system collection income amount of data convenient and effective. This system has been applied in a automated testing system.

The micro-model, which the brick and the mortar model are separated, is used to analyze masonry. Meanwhile, the mortar is divided into three layers along the thickness direction to obtain the internal mechanical behavior of mortar, and the vertical mortar joint strength is taken as 50% strength of the horizontal mortar joint for considering the poor quality of vertical mortar joint. The compressive ultimate load and failure mode of masonry taken from the finite element analysis result, especially the vertical cracks throughout all bricks and mortar and change of brick and mortar strain, are in agreement with the experimental results. It shows that the micro-model and method adopted in paper are able to effectively apply in nonlinear structural analysis for masonry.

Interstitial-free (IF) steel has excellent deep-drawability and was used widely in automotive industry. High strength IF-steel is that some phosphorus was put in common IF-steel to improve its strength without destroying the deep-drawability [1]. Microstructure and grain boundary character strongly affect the deep-drawability of high strength IF-steel, it is an obligatory task to test those characters. The technique of Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) can reveal the microtexture and detailed orientation distribution of grains from a single EBSD map, as a powerful instrument, EBSD was used widely in materials research from last decade [2]. Many researches have been focused on the texture evolution and recrystallization phenomena of high strength IF-steels [3,4], but the microtexture and grain boundary characters of warm-rolled high strength IF-steels was not fully investigated. The present study was aimed at researching the microtexture characters of a commercial high strength IF-steels under different warm-rolled temperature using EBSD technique, the microstructure and grain boundary character were analyzed systemically, and the relationship between the microstructure and deep-drawability was discussed.

With wide applications of FRP in civil engineering, it is necessary to study the durability of FRP reinforced concrete structure. Based on the related research both at home and abroad, the factors affecting durability of FRP reinforced concrete structures and the corresponding improvements have been put forward by analyzing the durability of concrete, FRP materials and reinforced structures, respectively.

In this paper, a series of polyurethane elastomers (PUE) were prepared employing casting method using toluene diisocyanate (TDI), hydroxy-terminated butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer(HTBN) and polytetrahydrofuran glycol (PTMG) as the main raw materials, and using 2,4- and 2,6- dimethylthioaromatic diamine (DMTDA) as a chain extender. The effects of the content of NCO in PUE (NCO%), mass ratio of HTBN/PTMG, molecular weight of PTMG, dosage of chain extender and heat treatment on the mechanical properties of PUE were studied. The results showed that the lower molecular weight of PTMG and the higher heat treatment temperature were both favorable for increasing the mechanical properties of PUE. When the mass ratio of HTBN/PTMG was 35:65, NCO% was 6.0%, molar ratio of NCO/NH2 was 1.20 and heat treatment time was 2h at 115 , the mechanical properties of PUE were best.