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3. Research Progress on Erythritol Production by Yarrowia lipolytica

Author

LI Shen, MU Zhiyong, YAN Xin, AI Lianzhong, XIA Yongjun, SONG Xin, TIAN Yanjun, ZHANG Hui, NI Bin, YANG Yijin

Subjects
yarrowia lipolytica, erythritol, fermentation, metabolic pathways, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract

Erythritol, a natural sweetener, is widely used in the food, medicinal and chemical industries because of its advantages of low calorie, good stability and high food safety. Yarrowia lipolytica is widely used as an efficient fermentation strain for erythritol production. However, the current research on erythritol production by Yarrowia lipolytica concentrates on control of the fermentation process and metabolic pathway regulation and has bottlenecks in the yield of erythritol and the fermentation process. On this basis, this article reviews recent progress in research on erythritol production by Yarrowia lipolytica from three aspects: fermentation substrate utilization, fermentation process control and metabolic pathway modification by genetic engineering. This review is expected to provide a reference for breaking the bottlenecks in erythritol production by Yarrowia lipolytica.

Published
2023
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14. Advances in the Study of Lactic Acid Bacteria as Vehicles for the In Vivo Delivery of Bioactive Substances

Author

CHEN Yunhui, XIA Yongjun, SONG Xin, AI Lianzhong, WANG Guangqiang

Subjects
lactic acid bacteria, bacteriotherapy, bioactive substances, delivery systems, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract

As a phenotypically and phylogenetically diverse group, lactic acid bacteria are found in a variety of natural environments and play an important role in medicine, bioengineering, food fermentation and agriculture. Lactic acid bacteria have a long history of use in food and have been considered as suitable vehicles for the production and targeted delivery of health-promoting or therapeutic bioactive substances due to their safety and probiotic properties, and the operability of their genetic systems. This article summarizes the latest studies on lactic acid bacteria as delivery vehicles in vivo with a focus on gene expression systems of lactic acid bacteria, the expression forms of bioactive substances and the application of lactic acid bacteria as delivery vehicles in the treatment of various diseases. It is hoped that this review will provide a basis for subsequent research.

Published
2023
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16. Lactobacillus plantarum AR495 Improves Osteoarthritis in Rats by Reducing the Level of Joint Inflammation

Author

XIAO Jia, YANG Fengjian, YU Jing, WANG Guangqiang, XIONG Zhiqiang, SONG Xin, ZHANG Hui, AI Lianzhong, XIA Yongjun

Subjects
osteoarthritis, lactobacillus plantarum ar495, inflammatory factors, cartilage matrix, bone density, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract

Previous studies have shown that Lactobacillus plantarum AR495 has good anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoporosis effects. In order to further explore the effect and mechanism of AR495 in alleviating osteoporosis (OA), a rat model of OA was established to investigate the effects of AR495 on OA markers, inflammatory factor levels and oxidative stress injury in OA rats and to verify the recovery of cartilage matrix and bone by pathological staining of joints and microtomography (micro-CT) imaging. The results showed that AR495 could significantly alleviate excessive body mass gain caused by decreased physical activity in OA rats (P < 0.05). Pathological analysis showed that AR495 could significantly reduce the level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the joint tissue of OA rats, inhibit the production of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and the production of C-telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II) as a degradation product of cartilage matrix, thereby alleviating the degradation of articular cartilage matrix in rats. Micro-CT imaging showed that AR495 could significantly alleviate bone loss in the joint of OA rats and effectively protect the integrity of cartilage and synovium of rats. In addition, AR495 could significantly increase the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduce the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in peripheral blood (P < 0.05). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis showed that AR495 could stimulate the expression of the mucin-2 (MUC-2) and occludin-1 genes in intestinal goblet cells and repair the intestinal barrier function. It can be seen that AR495 can alleviate OA inflammation level and create a beneficial internal environment for chondrocytes to exert their functions and produce collagen matrix, thereby alleviating and restoring joint injury and improving OA symptoms.

Published
2023
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47. Lactiplantibacillus plantarumAR113 alleviates microbiota dysbiosis of tongue coating and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat

Author

Xiong, Zhiqiang, Liu, Gang, Fang, Ling, Li, Xiuming, Xia, Yongjun, Wang, Guangqiang, Song, Xin, and Ai, Lianzhong

Abstract

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. However, information on stroke-related tongue coating microbiome (TCM) is limited, and whether TCM modulation could benefit for stroke prevention and rehabilitation is unknown. Here, TCM from stroke patients (SP) was characterized using molecular techniques. The occurrence of stroke resulted in TCM dysbiosis with significantly reduced species richness and diversity. The abundance of Prevotella, Leptotrichia, Actinomyces, Alloprevotella, Haemophilus, and TM7_[G-1] were greatly reduced, but common infection Streptococcusand Pseudomonas were remarkably increased. Furthermore, an antioxidative probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarumAR113 was used for TCM intervention in stroke rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). AR113 partly restored I/R induced change of TCM and gut microbiota with significantly improved neurological deficit, relieved histopathologic change, increased activities of antioxidant enzymes, and decreased contents of oxidative stress biomarkers. Moreover, the gene expression of antioxidant-related proteins and apoptosis-related factors heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1), and Bcl-2 was significantly increased, but cytochrome C, cleaved caspase-3, and Bax were markedly decreased in the brain by AR113 treatment. The results suggested that AR113 could ameliorate cerebral I/R injury through antioxidation and anti-apoptosis pathways, and AR113 intervention of TCM may have the application potential for stroke prevention and control.

Published
2024
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