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Heavy metals in the soil of industrial areas pose severe health risks to humans after land-use properties are transformed into residential land. The public exposure time and frequency will soar significantly under residential land. However, much uncertainty still exists about the relationship between soil heavy metal pollution and—human health risks in an old industrial zone in Shanghai, China. Principal component analysis—(PCA) was used to explore the main sources of these heavy metals. Kriging interpolation was u-sed to identify their spatial distribution and high-risk areas, and the Human Health risk model was used to measure health risk. The results illustrate that the pollution levels of Cd, Hg, and Pb in industrial land are more serious than those in irrigation cropland. Meanwhile, the results of PCA showed that there were two main pollution sources under irrigated cropland, a natural source and a traffic source, accounting for 44.1% and 31.0%, respectively, and there were three main pollution sources under industrial land, with natural sources accounting for 28.5%, traffic sources accounting for 25.7%, and industrial sources accounting for 13.1%. In addition, the health risk assessment results indicated that the priority control pollutants of non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk were Zn and Cr, respectively. The high-risk area was mainly located in the middle of the study area. These results indicate that eliminating heavy metal pollution in the soil of the industrial area is so important to decrease health risks. The results of this study provide theoretical contributions to early warning of health risks related to heavy metal pollution in industrial area soil and serve as a practical reference for speeding up the formulation of industrial land pollution management policies.

Background The present study aimed to compare four hepatic fibrosis markers [i.e., hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), procollagen III N-terminal peptide (PIIINP), and collagen type IV (CIV)] and 16 hepatic function indices in patients with liver cirrhosis of varying etiology. Methods The hepatic function indices and hepatic fibrosis markers were measured in 108 patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatoma using an automatic biochemical analyzer and luminescent immune analyzer. Twenty healthy controls were enrolled to compare the differences between liver cirrhosis and hepatoma of varying etiology and to analyze the correlations between the hepatic function indices and fibrosis markers. Results There was no correlation between alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total protein (TP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), or the four markers of hepatic fibrosis in liver cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B (P>0.05). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was positively correlated with HA (r=0.428, P=0.007), LN (r=0.458, P=0.004), and CIV (r=0.374, P=0.021). Total bilirubin (TBIL) and direct bilirubin (DBIL) were positively correlated with LN (TBIL: r=0.480, P=0.002; DBIL: r=0.457, P=0.004), PIIINP (TBIL: r=0.380, P=0.017; DBIL: r=0.406, P=0.011), and CIV (TBIL: r=0.415, P=0.010; DBIL: r=0.400, P=0.013). Total bile acid (TBA) and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) were positively correlated with PIIINP (TBA: r=0.363, P=0.025; GGT: r=0.353, P=0.029) and CIV (TBA: r=0.419, P=0.009; GGT: r=0.335, P=0.040). Leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) was positively correlated with LN (r=0.482, P=0.002). Cholinesterase (CHE) (HA: r=-0.452, P=0.004, LN: r=-0.336, P=0.039; PIIINP: r=-0.468, P=0.003; CIV: r=-0.485, P=0.002), prealbumin (PA) (HA: r=-0.575, P=0.000, LN: r=-0.413, P=0.010; PIIINP: r=-0.344, P=0.035; CIV: r=-0.371, P=0.022), albumin (ALB) (HA: r=-0.541, P=0.000, LN: r=-0.373, P=0.021; PIIINP: r=-0.353, P=0.030; CIV: r=-0.415, P=0.010), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (HA: r=-0.334, P=0.040, LN: r=-0.347, P=0.033; PIIINP: r=-0.487, P=0.002; CIV: r=-0.536, P=0.001) were negatively correlated with the four markers of hepatic fibrosis. There was no correlation between ALT, AST, TBIL, TP, ALP, GGT, or the four hepatic fibrosis markers in hepatoma caused by hepatitis B (P>0.05). Meanwhile, DBIL and TBA were positively correlated with CIV (DBIL: r=0.519, P=0.023; TBA: r=0.563, P=0.012), while CHE (r=-0.604, P=0.006), ALB (r=-0.564, P=0.012), and SOD (r=-0.489, P=0.034) were negatively correlated with CIV. Moreover, PA was negatively correlated with LN (r=-0.510, P=0.026) and CIV (r=-0.696, P=0.001). Conclusions The concentrations of the serological indices differed significantly based on the specific liver cirrhosis etiology. There was a strong correlation between the hepatic function indices and four hepatic fibrosis markers. Thus, the detection of these markers might improve the diagnosis and treatment of hepatoma.

Understanding the response of water quality in lake to landscape pattern at different spatial scales in agricultural watershed is of great significance to water quality management. In this study, we classified seven riparian buffer zones of lakeside zone by ArcGIS and RS in the Honghu Lake, according to the five functional areas. The landscape metrics were analyzed at multiple buffer widths using Fragstats software. Mathematical statistical methods and models such as redundancy analysis were used to explore spatial relationship between water quality and landscape patterns. Results showed that: 1) The effect of landscape patterns on water quality was scale-dependent at multiple buffer widths. The highest total explanatory power between landscape characteristics and water quality was found at the 200 m buffer width, accounting for 86.1% of the total, which was the most effective spatial scale affecting water quality. 2) The landscape configuration (e.g., largest patch index, patch density) was more associated with water quality than landscape composition (e.g., the percent of landscape and evenness index). 3) The impacts of different landscape types on water quality varied. Agriculture land, affected by topography and cultivation mode, was the main influencing factor on the degradation of water quality at smaller buffer widths from 100 m to 500 m. Forests with higher density and area had more purification effect on water pollutants at the wider buffer widths from 1000 m to 5000 m. The impacts of grassland on water quality was similar with that of forests, but densely distributed urban land contributed to water quality degradation at the same buffer widths. This study could provide scientific reference for water quality management and landscape planning of lake basin in agricultural areas.为分析农业主产区湖泊水环境质量对不同空间尺度上景观格局的响应关系,以洪湖为研究对象,以5种湖泊功能区为基础,利用RS和GIS软件生成7种空间尺度的湖滨带缓冲区,采用Fragstats 软件分析景观格局指数,结合冗余分析等数理统计方法与模型,研究景观格局对洪湖水质变化的空间尺度效应。结果表明: 1)景观格局在不同宽度缓冲区内对湖泊水质的影响具有空间尺度性,在200 m宽度其解释能力最大,达到86.1%,是影响水质的最有效空间尺度。2)景观配置变量(如最大斑块指数、斑块密度等)对水质的影响程度大于景观组成变量(如面积比例和均匀度指数等)。3)景观类型对水质的影响机制具有较大的差异性,农业用地受流域的地形地貌和耕作方式等因素的影响,在100～500 m小尺度的湖滨带缓冲区内对水质退化起主导作用;在远离水体的相对较大尺度(1000～5000 m),林地分布越密集、面积越大,对污染物进入水体的净化作用越明显;草地对水质的影响与林地一致;密集分布的城市用地对水质的影响与林地相反。研究结果可以从宏观尺度上为农业主产区湖泊流域水质管理和景观合理配置提供科学参考。.

Hongshan belt located in central part of Northern Qaidam basin, approximately western segment of Zongwulong mountain of Southern Qilian is composed of Mesozoic and Cenozoic and bounded by two major reversed faults respectively at its north and south sides is. Double layers of structures developed over the belt by compressively oblique slip of Qilian Mountains with Northern faults of Qaidam block during later Hymalaya stage. Faulted anticlines developed during later Yanshan orogeny distribute beneath Hongshan belt and structural traps are of faulted anticlines and blocks. For the primitive depression of Mesozoic, the principle distribution direction was NEE controlled by buried faults with NEE and NNW trends. Tectonic evolution, sedimentation and geochemistry study show that Hongshan depression exhibited relatively rapid subsidence and much effective oil accumulation. Argillite and oil shale are the source rocks; reservoir formations are distributed within Jurassic, Cretaceous and Tertiary. Upper Jurassic and thick Neogene red mud are regional cap rocks. Even though active light oil seeps occur along the NE trends fractures over Hongshan mountains implying that oil pools at depth might be the leakage sources, success haven’t been met after several exploration wells had been drilled. The study shows that faulted anticlines with unconformities beneath thrust faults underwent minor deformation during later Yanshan and later Hymalaya orogenies are favorable for hydrocarbon accumulations. These traps which formed prior to source rocks maturation are favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation.

Forecast and extraction of subsurface fractures play an extremely prominent role in unconventional petroleum exploration and development nowadays. Yingxiongling mountain of Qaidam basin was inverted from an early Himalayan depression during the late stage of late Himalayan orogeny by massive uplifting and stronger faulting which led to the extensive development of fractures. A series of fractural accumulations have been found within this area. Researches on fractural formations, distributions, accumulations controlling and permeability impact during production were received attention in academia and industry. Most of the previous studies just focused on very limited sections or areas such as outcrops observations over anticlines or downhole data analysis, and ignored characteristics of fracture distributions on the large surface so that the results had limited guiding effect for further exploration. Based on the special geology conditions of Yingxiongling, the authors forecast the distributions of fracture by integrating remote sensing interpretation, surface observation and subsurface data. Maps of 1:50,000 scale generated from high-resolution images were used to extract fractures, and fracture directions and density were analysed. Combining with fracture character of outcrops, downhole cores and well logging data, remote sensing interpreted fractures were considered to reflect approximately fracture density of subsurface. This method could be applied to predict subsurface fractural reservoirs effectively in basins and areas with deformation of low intensity and inheritance such as Yingxiongling, western Qaidam basin.

In order to measure the portfolio credit risk of commercial banks in energy saving and environmental protection industry accurately, this paper proposes the value VaRGP of green credit risk and constructs a related model based on Pair Copula grouping model, VaR method (combined with enumeration algorithm).The results show that the credit schemes that commercial banks focus on investing in two areas of industrial emission reduction and environmental restoration is consistent with the conclusion that the two fields have the strongest development momentum.Besides, at different levels of confidence, all of VaRGP have passed the return test, which fully shows that the model is feasible and effective to measure the credit risk in different green fields and to formulate the optimal combination strategy.

Managing and preventing the credit risk in Peer-to-Peer lending has become a crucial problem in China’s internet finance market. The influencing factors of the credit risk in P2P lending are identified from three aspects including P2P lending platform, borrowers and environment. The internal relation between these influencing factors is also explored by using the method of Interpretative Structural Modeling. Results show that factors such as the audit mechanism of P2P lending platform could affect the credit risk in P2P lending directly. In addition, borrowers’ moral level, their job stability, and the policy environment will affect the credit risk in P2P lending comprehensively through influencing other factors.

In the article, by employing multiple-scale, perturbation method, a new model is derived to describe the algebraic Rossby solitary waves generated by periodic external source in stratified fluid. The local conservation laws and analytic solutions of the model are obtained, and the breakup properties are discussed. By numeric simulation, some problems on the generation and evolution of the algebraic solitary waves under the influence of periodic external source are theoretically investigated. The results show that besides the solitary waves, an additional harmonic wave appears in the region of the external source forcing. Furthermore, the periodic variation of the external source forcing can prevent solitary waves from breaking. Meanwhile, the detuning parameter has an important effect on the breakup of the algebraic Rossby solitary waves.

This paper made the investigation and analysis to the desk and chair for the primary and secondary students. So from the ergonomics and product semantics,mechanical principle, design psychology as the starting point, also basing on the satisfaction for the economic costs and environmental protection and others, we had design a set of chair and desk accord with the ergonomics, which can keep the normal physiology curve of students and good for growing, but also can improve the learning efficiency. This design method is one of the important development directions of desk and chair in the future, also has important reference significance on the ordinary design for desks and chairs.

In order to provide the theoretical basis for nylon fiber dyeing with turmeric yellow, the dyeing properties of turmeric yellow on nylon fiber were investigated. The appropriate dyeing condition of turmeric yellow on nylon fiber was pH=4, and the final temperature at 90°C~95°C. The dye uptake of turmeric yellow on nylon fiber was relatively high, and the building-up property of turmeric yellow on nylon fiber was good. The adsorption of turmeric yellow on nylon fiber accorded to Redlich-Peterson adsorption model proximally,and the adsorption model was validated by the simulation coefficients and normalized deviations. The dyeing process was endothermic with the dyeing heat ΔH0 =71.34kJ·mol-1, and entropy change ΔS0 = 274J·mol-1, In addition,the dyeing affinity -Δμ0 and saturation absorption capacity increased as the temperature increased.

The natural color silk were treated by hydrogen peroxide, and the structure, crystallinity, mechanical properties and color properties of the treated natural color silk were analyzed. The results showed that the structure of treated natural color silk didnt change obviously, the treated and untreated color silk both have α-helical structure and β-sheet structure; the degree of crystallinity decreased a little, the crystallinity of un-treated natural color silk was 44.4%, while the crystallinities of natural color silk treated by hydrogen peroxide was 43.7%; the breaking tenacity and the breaking elongation of natural color silk declined slightly after the treatment of hydrogrn peroxide; the elastic modulus didnt change significantly; the K/S value decreased significantly and the L*a*b* values changed after hydrogen peroxide treatment.

In order to improve fastness of printing silk fabric with natural dyes, the influence of sinapic acid on printing of silk fabric with sorghum red was investigated in this work. The silk fabric was printed using guar gum as paste, sorghum red as natural dye, sinapic acid as auxiliaries. The appropriate steaming condition was the temperature 100°C, time 15min and saturated steam. The results showed that the light fastness and the wash fastness of the printed fabric were improved by the addition of sinapic acid. It is proposed that sinapic acid can be applied as effective fastness improver of natural dyes.

Dodecane-1,12-bis (oxy-2-hydroxy-propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) (DBA2-12), which belongs to the cationic bolaform surfactants, was synthesized by two-step reactions in this study. The structure of the product was characterized by IR. The IR spectra showed the characteristic bands corresponding to the stretching vibration of C-N, C-O, and-OH groups. The influence of DBA2-12 on the kinetics and thermodynamics of the dyeing of acrylic fibers with cationic yellow X-5GL were investigated. The results showed that the bolaform surfactant had significant retarding effect for cationic dye, the dyeing rate constant and equilibrium dye-uptake was decreased, half-dyeing time was increased by the addition of surfactant DBA2-12. Meanwhile,surfactant DBA2-12 declined the partition coefficient,affinity and dye saturation value. It is concluded that bolaform surfactant DBA2-12 can be used to control dyeing rate of cationic dyes on acrylic fibers.

Before and after pouring the concrete for a dam, how to predict and obtain the accurate temperature and stress of the various parts of the dam, is the key to prevent cracks in concrete. The stresses calculated from the parameters of the laboratory under the ideal conditions have obvious difference with the value calculated from site measured strain. As for such problem, based on the measured temperature and strain data of rolled compact concrete gravity dam engineering, the thermal and mechanics parameters of the concrete materials are inversed. The dam stress of construction period is simulated and analyzed separately based on the site parameters and lab parameters. The results show that although the stress development law from different ways is near, their values are different obviously because of three aspects. The site measured values should be more real. So it is necessary to inverse the thermal and mechanics parameters according to the site measured data.

In order to provide the theoretical basis for the development of anti-backstaining agent. The copolymer of styrene-maleic anhydride(SMA) was synthesized by free radical solution polymerization using benzoyl peroxide(BPO) as initiator, toluene as solvent, the hydrolytic styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (HSMA) was obtained by hydrolysis with Sodium hydroxide solution, the structure of HSMA was characterized by FI-IR. The HSMA was employed as anti-backstaining agent in the process of denim cellulase washing. The results showed that HSMA had little effect on the enzyme activity, the HSMA had excellent anti-backstaining capability, the effect of anti-backstaining increased with content of maleic anhydride in the copolymer increasing.

In order to provide the theoretical basis for synthetic fiber dyeing with natural dyes, the dyeing properties of chrysophanol on Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)(PTT) fiber were investigated. The appropriate dyeing condition was 0.5g•dm-3 Paregal O in the dyebath, pH=5 and the final temperature at 100°C~110°C. The dye uptake of chrysophanol on PTT fiber was relatively small, and the building-up property of chrysophanol on PTT fiber was poor. The adsorption of chrysophanol on PTT fiber accorded with Nerst Partition Relation. The partition coefficient decreased with the temperature rising while the dyeing affinity (-△μ0) increased with the temperature rising.

Ethanediyl-N-hexadecyl-tri(sodium α-glycinate) (N-hexadecyl ED3A), which belongs to the chelating surfactants, was synthesized by three-step reactions in this study. The structure of the product was characterized by IR. The surface activity and the properties of N-hexadecyl ED3A as degumming agent were investigated. The IR spectra showed the characteristic bands corresponding to the stretching vibration of C-N, -COONa, and C-H groups. The critical micelle concentration (cmc) of N-hexadecyl ED3A was 0.249mmol•L-1, and the surface tension at the cmc (γcmc) of it was 33.03mN•m-1. This revealed that the surfactant had fairly low cmc and excellent surface activity. Lower dosage of N-hexadecyl ED3A showed as good result as the conventional soap in silk degumming process, and the degumming result was also excellent without adding the chelating dispersant.

Pier concrete is vulnerable to cracking when using concrete rapid construction after long off period. In order to solve this problem, crack mechanism and effects of several temperature control measures of thin-walled structure concrete is analyzed. Through analyzing the temperature and stress time-space variation using 3D finite element method, it can be found that stress is more sensitive to controlling concrete placing temperature than other measures. It also shows that under the condition of taking other proper temperature control measures, low placing temperature can not be spared.

The dyeing properties of chrysophanol on polyester (PET) were investigated. Chrysopahnol was stable with the pH range of 3 to 7. And in this pH range, the hue of Chrysophanol of dyed polyester showed very little change. The K/S values increased significantly when the temperature was raised from 90°C to 110°C, and if the temperature was 110°C, the dyeing time exceeded 90min, the dye uptake didn’t increase any more. The adsorption of chrysophanol on polyester accorded with Nerst Partition Relation, and the adsorption capacity increased linearly with the increasing chrysophanol concentration. The partition coefficient and affinity increased with the temperature rising.

To investigate the Application Performances of the anionic gemini surfactant Ethanediyl-α,ω-bis(sodium N-lauroyl-β-alaninate)(EBLA) as silk degumming auxiliaries, the surface activity of the gemini surfactant was measured by the surface tension method. The dependence of degumming rate on surfactant concentration and degumming time were discussed, and the whiteness, tensile strength and capillary effect of the degummed silk fabric were measured. The results revealed that the gemini surfactant possessed excellent surface activities and its degumming effect was pretty good, the critical micelle concentration(CMC) of EBLA was 4.74×10-5 mol·dm-3, and the surface tension at the CMC(γCMC) of it was 26.6 mN·m-1. With lower dosage of the surface active agent and shorter degumming time, the perform indexes of the fabric degummed by the gemini surfactant EBLA were better than those of the fabric degummed by marseille soap.

The natural color silk has been treated by sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate，and the structure, crystallize and mechanical properties of the treated natural color silk were studied. The results showed that the structure of natural color silk was not changed and the degree of crystallinity decreased; the crystallinity of un-treated natural color silk was 44.4%, while the crystallinities of natural color silk treated by sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate were 35.2% and 43.6%, respectively. The breaking tenacity and the breaking elongation of natural color silk treated by sodium hydroxide dropped dramatically and the Young’s Modulus declined; but these properties of natural color silk were not changed significantly after being treated by sodium carbonate.

Silk peptide-based surfactants were synthesized from fatty acyl chloride and silk peptide using Schotten-Baumana method. The structure of the product was characterized by IR and amino acid analysis, and the surface activity of the product was tested. The IR spectra showed the characteristic bands corresponding to the stretching vibration of C=O, N-H, C-N and -COONa groups. The amino acid analysis indicated that there were many kinds of amino acid in the products, and the most ones were glycine and alanine, which made up nearly 95% of the total content of amino acid. The surface activity experiment results showed these surfactants had excellent surface activity. In the homologous compounds of surfactants, the critical micelle concentration (cmc) reduced and the trend of micelles formation increased with the hydrocarbon chain length increasing.

The initial nickel deposition for the direct electroless nickel plating on active SiCp/Al composites is critical. So it is necessary to investigate the process of the electroless Ni-P plating deposition on SiCp/Al composites by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). In addition, the mass gain/loss in the initial nickel deposition process was measured by using the electro-balance. The results show that after being treated using phosphoric acid and hydrogen peroxide, the compositions of SiCp/Al composites substrate contains Al, SiC and Al2O3. The Al2O3 film was gradually corroded by the plating solution. And then Ni-P coating was deposited on the substrate without Al2O3 film during the initial electroless plating process, which was mostly growing on the boundary between the SiC particles and the Al crystal of the activation substrate, and then came to two sides. After that, the Ni-P coating growth rate to cover with the SiC particles and Al crystals was prior to the Al2O3 film. The electroless plating was in company with the substrate corrosion, but the electroless plating rate catalyzed by the exchanged nickel was more than the substrate corrosion rate.

One function of the wireline formation tester is to calculate pressure-depth gradient line (pressure gradient) from testing data. Its application is limited resulting from the uncertainties in the computational method, which often results in a big deviation. The effect of the reservoir thickness, the effective measuring point number, and the measurement error distribution of pressure-measuring points on the computational precision of pressure gradient was studied by numerical simulation: the thicker the measured reservoir, the more the measuring-point number, and the closer the measurement errors of all measuring points are, the higher the computation precision is. The selection of measuring points should take into account fluid character, formation pressure coefficient, reservoir connectivity, and so on. Pressure gradient can be applied in the analysis of the fluid property, the oil and water interface, the vertical connectivity of reservoirs, the pressure systems, the vertical change of formation fluid in single wells, and in the assistant evaluation of reservoirs in multiwells. Key words: wireline formation tester, pressure gradient, computation, error, application

The trace identity is extended to the quadratic-form identity. The Hamiltonian structures of the NLS–MKdV hierarchy, and integrable coupling of multi-component Levi hierarchy are obtained by the quadratic-form identity. The method can be used to produce the Hamiltonian structures of the other integrable couplings or multi-component hierarchies.

Based on the high-density analysis of 139 monitoring points and samples in water of honghu lake with different degrees of eutrophication during the high water-level period, we could get the figures of spatial variability characteristics of pollution factors, the biomass of aquatic plants and water quality in Honghu Lake using the GIS interpolation methods. The result showed that the concentrations of TN, TP, NH4(+) -N, permanganate index gradually increased from south to north during this period, the trend of water pollution degree in Honghu Lake was the region of inflowing riversenclosure culture areaopen water areathe lake protection arearegion of the Yangtze river into the lake; and the contribution rate of water quality parameters was in the order of TNTPpermanganate indexNH4(+), -NDO; under the influence of industrial sewage, agricultural sewage, domestic sewage, bait, aquatic plants and water exchange, 59% of TN, 35.2% of TP, 13.7% of permanganate index, 4.3% of NH4(+)-N exceeded the water quality targets, respectively, accordingly, 66.2% of the water quality also exceeded the water quality target. Nonetheless, DO reached the water quality target due to the influences of monsoon climate and other environment factors. The spatial variation analysis could directly reflect the mutual interaction among human activity, land-use types and environment factors which had an enormous impact on Honghu Lake water environment. In order to ensure that the lake water environment is beneficial for human productions and livings, it is necessary for us to control the discharge of industrial sewage, agricultural sewage and domestic sewage, as well as the expanding area of aquaculture, all the above measures would be significant for gradually resuming the self-purification capacity of water body and finally achieving the ecological sustainable development of Honghu Lake water environment.

The sorption behaviour of the acid dye, sodium 1-phenylazo-2-hydroxy-6-naphthalenesulphonate, by silk fibre was investigated in the presence and absence of cationic bolaform electrolytes containing pyridine rings. These electrolytes were found to influence dye sorption to an extent depending on the pH of the dyebath. At pH 3, sorption decreased slightly with increasing electrolyte concentration, but in pure water it increased. It was found that although the number of binding sites and the intrinsic binding constant for Langmuir-type sorption were hardly affected by the presence of bolaform electrolytes, the partition coefficient was significantly enhanced both at pH 3 and in pure water. This result is explained by the sorption of a dye-bolaform electrolyte complex by the silk. The influence on the sorption by the terminal groups on the bolaform electrolyte are discussed and compared with that of an aliphatic analogue.

Currently, there exists billions of files on the Internet, such as pictures, web pages, audio and video files, etc., and the number is still growing rapidly. These huge amount of files need to be processed by some applications as quickly as possible with parallel processing. With the increasing of cores in processors, parallel programming becomes more complex. The behavior that multiple parallel processes/threads access files simultaneously may interfere with each other and cause extra performance loss. Consequently, this paper proposes a pipeline-based parallel framework for mass file processing, in which file processing is divided into multiple stages to compose a pipeline. Files flow through these stages one by one, and the interferences in file-accessing are avoided. Moreover, the parallel programming can be simplified by means of parallel frameworks and programming interfaces. Experiments with one real-world application and some micro-benchmarks show that the framework can efficiently improve system performance.

The wetland at Dalian Bay in the Northeast of China has been polluted by oil severely. The effect of various microbes and operation parameters on the bioremediation of oil-polluted wetlands at Dalian Bay was investigated and reported previously. In the study, other operation conditions related to the status of medium were investigated via statistical experimental design and analysis and a necessary information is involved to use micro-technology in the application.The method used involved the direct inoculation of selected bacteria, which were capable of degrading oil. The operation conditions were further optimized and evaluated by gravimetrical assay.The optimal pH and temperature for the studied bacteria to degrade the existing oil pollutants were established as pH 8.0 and 27 degrees C. The mixed of various bacteria showed better results in terms of oil degradation than any single one. Among the selected four factors, disturbance, oxidant, nutrients, and biosurfactant, the former two contributed more impacts on the oil degradation in the early stage of process, while the latter two became the limiting factors in the late stage. Three sets of optimal conditions were obtained for each individual stage, but no one was suitable for the overall process.The study demonstrated the technical feasibility of using direct inoculation into the contaminated soil samples to remove oil pollutants. It suggested that the operation conditions should be monitored and adjusted during the different stages of bio-reactions in the process to achieve the best result of oil degradation.

A new LOS2 gene was cloned from C. bursa-pastoris by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The full-length cDNA of C. bursa-pastoris LOS2 gene (designated as Cblos2) was 1694 bp containing a 1332 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 444 amino acid protein. The predicted CbLOS2 protein contained enolase-N domain, enolase domain, conserved putative DNA-binding and repression domains like LOS2 from A. thaliana. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that CbLOS2 had similarity with other enolase proteins. Cold acclimation assay revealed that Cblos2 expressed constitutively in C. bursa-pastoris and was involved in the cold acclimation process, implying CbLOS2 was a bi-functional enolase.

Autoregressive moving average (ARMA) was one of the popular linear models in financial time series forecasting in the past. Generalized regression neural network (GRNN) is a branch of RBF neural network. Recent research activities in forecasting with GRNN suggest that GRNN can be a promising alternative to the traditional time series model. It has shown great ability in modeling and forecasting nonlinear time series. This paper proposes an ARMA-GRNN model that combines ARMA and GRNN models. The combined model is proposed to make use of the advantage of ARMA and GRNN models in linear and nonlinear modeling. And ARMA model aids in improving the combined model performance by capturing statistical information of the time series. The relative tests testify that the combined model can be an effective way to improve forecasting accuracy achieved by either of the models used separately.

The fully coupled forward-backward stochastic equation (FBSDE for short) is a generalization of stochastic Hamiltonian equations. We mainly consider the robustness of these equations driven by time-discrete martingales. Under the condition of Lipschitzian and monotonicity, we give the existence and uniqueness of solutions of such FBSDE, and then proof the stability of that.

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An ortho-experiment design and the analysis method of mathematical statistics are adopted to study the conversion of gypsum and potassium chloride to potassium sulfate in the system of K+, Ca2+, NH4+ ‖ Cl−, SO42− in H2O. Optimal reaction parameters and engineering mean are acquired to attain a conversion yield of potassium chloride of 94.52%.