This is an article in the field of mining engineering. Aiming at the raw ore mined from Hushugou iron mine, Hushugou copper mine and Xiaoliugou tungsten mine of Jiuquan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., the experimental study of pre separation and tailing is carried out by using X-ray intelligent sorter, and good treatment effect is obtained. Through the analysis of experimental results, the separation effect of intelligent photoelectric pre separation technology is not only related to the performance of the equipment, but also depends on the mixing amount of surrounding rock and the nature of ore in the mining process. It is analyzed that the ore structure affects the effective dissociation degree of useful minerals and gangue minerals, which affects the surface radiation, transmission and image color separation of X-ray, and determines the difficulty and effect of intelligent photoelectric beneficiation equipment on ore separation.