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The composite fuel of coal gangue and biomass is expected to increase the utilization rate of solid waste and compensate for the disadvantages of separate fuels. However, the NO and SO2 emissions from this composite fuel during the combustion process are a concern, but there are few studies on it. In this paper, corn cobs and wheat straws, typical agricultural biomass discarded in North China, and coal gangue from the mine in Xilingol, China, were selected for co-combustion in a fluidized bed. The emission characteristics of NO and SO2 were studied by changing the ratio of biomass to coal gangue and the combustion temperature. Studies had shown that: to a certain extent, mixing biomass, and coal gangue can reduce the NO and SO2 emissions, and mixing 20% of biomasses had the best effect on NO and SO2 emissions reduction. The SO2 emission reduction effect of wheat straws was better than that of corn cobs, and the NO emission reduction effect of corn cobs was better than that of wheat straws. The NO emissions of wheat straws and corn cobs added to the coal gangue were 6.45% and 7.93% less than those of coal gangue alone. The SO2 emissions of wheat straws and corn cobs added to the coal gangue were 27.45% and 25.94% less than those of coal gangue alone. Both NO and SO2 emissions decreased with the growth of the biomass rate; NO and SO2 emissions increased with the growth of the combustion temperature.

Oxygen concentration and biomass content are key factors of the combustion of a mixed sample of biomass and coal gangue. Herein, we studied the effect of oxygen concentration and biomass content and their corresponding combustion and kinetic characteristics. Experiments were conducted in a thermogravimetric analyzer under an O2/CO2 atmosphere. Results showed that the fixed carbon combustion temperature, ignition temperature, and exothermic peak temperature decreased with oxygen concentration increased. By contrast, the burning rate of volatilization increased with oxygen concentration increased. The total and maximum loss rates of the sample, the burnout temperature, the exothermic peak temperature, and the comprehensive combustion index S gradually increased. As oxygen concentration increased, the activation energy at the initial stage of combustion gradually decreased, whereas the activation energy at the end of the reaction gradually increased when the oxygen concentration increased. Activation energy could be rapidly reduced after a small amount of biomass was added, whereas the biomass content had no significant influence on the activation energy of the samples at the end of combustion.

An efficient copper-catalyzed arylation reaction of 1-acyl-1H-1,2,3-benzotriazoles with diaryliodonium salts via C–N activation is explored. The reaction is conducted regioselectively to form 1-aryl-1H-1,2,3-benzotriazoles in MeCN at 80 °C in the presence of cesium carbonate. 29 examples are given with the product yield of up to 84%. The probable reaction mechanism is proposed.

Cu(BTC)-MOF catalyzed one-pot, three-component reaction of terminal alkynes, halides and sodium azide to form 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles was investigated. It was conducted in methanol under room temperature with good to excellent product yields. The Cu(BTC)-MOF catalyst could be easily recovered by filtration and be reused at least three recycles with no significant decrease in the yield. The method was demonstrated to be a truly green process with sustainability and economics.

In this work, SEM-EDS and FTIR were first used to analyze the physical and chemical characterization of salix (SL), the raw coal gangue (CG)/calcined coal gangue (CCG) and the biochar. Then the pyrolysis characteristics of SL, CG/CCG and their mixtures were explored by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The research results showed that the reactivity of CG was improved after calcination treatment. Compared with CG blended SL, the co-pyrolysis of CCG and SL had a significant synergistic effect. There was a strong synergistic effect when SL blended with 30% CG. When SL blended with 40% CCG and the pyrolysis temperature was higher than 530°C, the adsorption performance of biochar had been significantly improved, and the addition of CCG that obviously promotes the carbon-forming reaction of SL and the biochar yield increased by 5.43%.

Combustion characteristics of bio-oil from sewage sludge were investigated using thermogravimetry (TG) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques. The combustion process could be divided into two weight loss stages. Light compounds volatilized and were oxidized in the first stage and the heterogeneous combustion between oxygen and heavy compounds happened in the second stage, which were confirmed by FT-IR technique. Most weight loss occurred in the first stage. The effect of heating rate was also studied and higher heating rates were found to facilitate the combustion process. The kinetic parameters of the two stages were calculated and the change of activation energy indicated higher heating rates benefited combustion.

It is an important task to achieve a new-type industrialization for China's economic construction at present, and it become a important subject that how to evaluate the level of new-type industrialization level for the government sector and the academia. In this paper, An evaluation index system of new-type industrialization is built from seven aspects those are development stage of industrialization, structural change, the scientific and technological content, economic benefits, resources and environmental conditions, the level of industrial enterprises in information and human resources utilization and labor productivity on the basis of concept of the new-type of industrialization and the principles of construction of evaluation index system.