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Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore how nurses perceive the role of the family while caring for the patients admitted in intensive care of Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha (RIPAS) Hospital, Brunei. Methods: An exploratory, qualitative design was used to explore nurses' insights on the inputs of family in intensive care. Ten nurses who fit the inclusion criteria were invited using a purposive sampling method. They were individually interviewed and were audio-recorded with the consent of the nurses. These interviews were coded and thematically analysed. Results: Three major themes emerged from the study, including importance of family presence, concern over patient safety and question about family readiness. Conclusion: The results of this study concluded that the family role is expressed through their 'presence' in intensive care which is significant in patient care. The study also identified concern over patient safety and query into the family readiness to get involved in the intensive care.

Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger factor 2 (PREX2) is a novel regulator of the small guanosine triphosphatase Rac, and has been observed to be implicated in human cancer by inhibiting the activity of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), thus upregulating the activity of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway. However, the exact role of PREX2 in pancreatic cancer has not been reported to date. In the present study, the expression levels of PREX2 were observed to be frequently increased in pancreatic cancer specimens compared with those in their matched adjacent normal tissues. In addition, PREX2 expression was also frequently upregulated in several pancreatic cancer cell lines, including AsPC-1, BxPC-3, PANC-1 and CFAPC-1, compared with that in the normal pancreatic epithelial cell line HPC-Y5. Overexpression of PREX2 significantly promoted the proliferation, invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells, while small interfering RNA-induced knockdown of PREX2 expression significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of these cells. Investigation of the molecular mechanism revealed that the overexpression of PREX2 upregulated the phosphorylation levels of PTEN, indicating that the activity of PTEN was reduced, which further increased the phosphorylation levels of AKT, which indicated that the activity of the PI3K signaling pathway was upregulated. By contrast, knockdown of PREX2 upregulated the activity of PTEN and inhibited the activity of the PI3K signaling pathway. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that PREX2 regulates the proliferation, invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer cells, probably at least via modulation of the activity of PTEN and the PI3K signaling pathway.

As one of the most important information applied technologies, online search engine is often used for medical searching, but the searching results and experiences are not satisfying. A survey of demand for medical related searching is conducted, the survey results are showed and general public's expectations for a specialized medical search engine are summarized. Survey result shows that there is a great and urgent demand for a specialized medical search engine in China and the key success factor for a medical search engine lies in the ability of guiding user's search in a more medical professional way and making the searching results more reliable.

Conjugate meshing of involute gears is required in precise gear transmission. However, in the working process, the heat generated in friction results in deformation of the tooth profile of the gear, radial and axial deformation of the shaft and bearing. Meanwhile, there is thermal deformation with non-similarity in the gear box that the shafts and bearings are installed on, which leads to a change of the bearing clearance, axis deflection of the shaft and the gear meshing state. As a result of all these effects, vibration and noise are generated in the transmission system, and it intensifies the possibility of damaging the parts. In this paper, mathematical physics methods and thermal elastic theory are employed to analyze the influence of tooth profiles, gear parameters (transmission ratio i , overlapping coefficients e , backlash j n , etc), gear meshing, working clearance of the bearing (it relates with the initial clearance, tolerance matching, rotational speed, temperature changes, etc) and the shape of the gear box (cylindricity error, axis deflection, etc) caused by the temperature change. The result can be employed in selecting gear parameters and designing the shape of the gear tooth, bearing clearance and shell structure, and it is also helpful to the design of gear transmissions and screw transmissions.

To investigate the impurities in naringin extracted from Citrus grandis 'Tomentosa'.High performance liquid chromatographies coupled with photodiode array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry detectors (HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS/MS) were applied to investigate the impurities, and their structures were elucidated by spectral data analyses. Quantification was carried out by main component self-compare with correction factor according to ICH guidelines.Rhoifolin and neoeriocitrin were identified as major impurities. The correction factors of rhoifolin and neoeriocitrin were 1.82 and 1.02, respectively tested by HPLC method. The content of rhoifolin ranged from 0.742% to 0.926%, and the content of neoeriocitrin ranged from 0.335% to 0.464%. The gross impurities were less than 1.5%.The categories and quantities of impurities in naringin product are relatively stable. The research provides a way of specification and verification for the analysis of impurities and objective evidence for security assessment of naringin product.