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N-doped carbon materials (NCMs) are generally used as electrode materials, and seldom used as catalysts in chemical reaction. In this work, NCMs were prepared by high-temperature pyrolysis using monosodium glutamate as sources of both carbon and nitrogen, magnesium acetate as a porogen, and nickel hydroxide as a graphitization catalyst. The catalytic performance of NCMs was investigated in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) with potassium borohydride at 30 ºC. As metal-free catalysts, all of the NCMs can catalyze the reaction. The graphitization degree and N-doped amount of NCM have a great influence on the catalytic activity. The NCM annealed at 800 ºC has higher activity and stability. The reaction rate constant can reach 0.57 min-1, and the activation energy was about 36.4 kJ/mol.

Iron oxyhydroxide was prepared by dropping ammonia water to Fe(NO3)3.9H2O dispersed in polyethylene glycol (PEG) 1000. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and laser particle size analyzer. The results showed the catalyst modified with polyethylene glycol was amorphous. The addition of PEG during the preparation make the particle size of the catalyst was smaller and more uniform. The catalytic performance was tested in the reduction of nitroarenes to corresponding amines with hydrazine hydrate, and the catalyst showed excellent activity and stability.

Abstract Background Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a subtype of hemorrhagic stroke characterized by high mortality and low rates of full recovery. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of SAH between 1990 and 2021. Methods Data on SAH incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2021 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to evaluate changes in the age-standardized rate (ASR) of incidence and mortality, as well as trends in SAH burden. The relationship between disease burden and sociodemographic index (SDI) was also analyzed. Results In 2021, the incidence of SAH was found to be 37.09% higher than that in 1990; however, the age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) showed a decreased [EAPC: -1.52; 95% uncertainty interval (UI) -1.66 to -1.37]. Furthermore, both the number and rates of deaths and DALYs decreased over time. It was observed that females had lower rates compared to males. Among all regions, the high-income Asia Pacific region exhibited the highest ASIR (14.09/100,000; 95% UI 12.30/100,000 − 16.39/100,000) in 2021, with an EPAC for ASIR

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess the public knowledge regarding Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) in Zhuhai, China, focusing on identifying knowledge gaps and the influence of demographic and health factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Zhuhai, China, from October to November 2022. A total of 1986 residents from 18 communities were selected employing stratified multi-stage equi-proportional sampling. Questionnaires covering general information and the Alzheimer’s Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS) were investigated face-to-face. Ordinal multiclass logistic regression was applied to assess the relationship between AD awareness and demographic and health characteristics. Results The average ADKS score was 18.5 (SD = 3.36) in Zhuhai. The lowest awareness rates were observed in the “Symptoms” and “Caregiving” subdomains of ADKS, with rates of 51.01% and 43.78%, respectively. The correct rates for the 30 ADKS questions ranged from 16.62 to 92.6%, showing a bimodal pattern with clusters around 80% and 20%. Women (OR = 1.203, 95% CI: 1.009–1.435), individuals aged 60 years or older (OR = 2.073, 95% CI: 1.467–2.932), those living in urban areas (OR = 1.361, 95% CI: 1.117–1.662), higher average monthly household income per capita (OR = 1.641, 95% CI: 1.297–2.082), and without any neurological or mental disorders (OR = 1.810, 95% CI: 1.323–2.478) were more likely to have higher levels of awareness about Alzheimer’s disease. Conclusions Adults in Zhuhai show a limited knowledge of AD, particularly in the ‘Symptoms’ and ‘Caregiving’ subdomains. Upcoming health campaigns must focus on bridging the knowledge gaps in different subdomains of AD, especially among subgroups with lower awareness, as identified in our study.

General surgeons are often asked to evaluate acute abdominal pain which has an expanded differential diagnosis in women of childbearing age. Acute appendicitis accounts for many surgical emergencies as a common cause of nongynecologic pelvic pain. In some rare instances, acute appendicitis has been shown to occur simultaneously with a variety of gynecologic diseases. We report a case of concurrent acute appendicitis and ruptured ovarian endometrioma.

Abstract Gas hydrates provide alternative solutions for gas storage & transportation and gas separation. However, slow formation rate of clathrate hydrate has hindered their commercial development. Here we report a form of porous ice containing an unfrozen solution layer of sodium dodecyl sulfate, here named active ice, which can significantly accelerate gas hydrate formation while generating little heat. It can be readily produced via forming gas hydrates with water containing very low dosage (0.06 wt% or 600 ppm) of surfactant like sodium dodecyl sulfate and dissociating it below the ice point, or by simply mixing ice powder or natural snow with the surfactant. We prove that the active ice can rapidly store gas with high storage capacity up to 185 V g V w −1 with heat release of ~18 kJ mol−1 CH4 and the active ice can be easily regenerated by depressurization below the ice point. The active ice undergoes cyclic ice−hydrate−ice phase changes during gas uptake/release, thus removing most critical drawbacks of hydrate-based technologies. Our work provides a green and economic approach to gas storage and gas separation and paves the way to industrial application of hydrate-based technologies.

In the face of the unprecedented public health crisis caused by the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic, front-line health workers are under enormous mental pressure. This paper aims to explore the mental health challenges faced by front-line health workers in the early stages of a public health emergency, such as stress, anxiety, and depression. At the same time, the factors that increase their mental stress are analyzed, and practical measures are put forward to prevent and manage mental health problems, aiming at improving the quality of medical treatment during public health emergencies. This paper has some reference value for people engaged in mental health prevention.

As one of the concrete admixtures, water reducing admixtures and superplasticizers are usually used to reduce the mixing water volume and improve the performance of the harden concrete while maintaining better workability of the fresh concrete. However, the concrete strength and durability properties are affected differently by different types and dosages of the water reducing admixtures and superplasticizers. Based on the published literatures, this paper comprehensively reviews and analyzes this problem. Different types of the concretes, including ordinary Portland cement concrete, ordinary Portland cement concrete containing pozzolan, fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag, calcium sulfoaluminate cement concrete, ferrite aluminate cement concrete, recycled aggregates concrete, lightweight aggregate concrete, self-compacting concrete and ultra-high performance concrete, are considered to discuss the influence of types and dosages of the water reducing admixtures and superplasticizers on their strengths. Water absorption, frost resistance and permeability resistance of the concrete are mainly reviewed to discuss this influence on the durability properties of the concrete. Then, some suggestions on the application of the water reducing admixtures and superplasticizers in reinforced concrete structures and projects are proposed.

Inversion tillage with straw amendment is widely applied in northeastern China, and it can substantially increase the storage of carbon and improve multiple subsoil functions. Soil microorganisms are believed to be the key to this process, but research into their role in subsoil amelioration is limited. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in 2018 in a region in northeastern China with Hapli-Udic Cambisol using four treatments: conventional tillage (CT, tillage to a depth of 15 cm with no straw incorporation), straw incorporation with conventional tillage (SCT, tillage to a depth of 15 cm), inversion tillage (IT, tillage to a depth of 35 cm) and straw incorporation with inversion tillage (SIT, tillage to a depth of 35 cm). The soils were managed by inversion to a depth of 15 or 35 cm every year after harvest. The results indicated that SIT improved soil multi-nutrient cycling variables and increased the availability of key nutrients such as soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in both the topsoil and subsoil. In contrast to CT and SCT, SIT created a looser microbial network structure but with highly centralized clusters by reducing the topological properties of average connectivity and node number, and by increasing the average path length and the modularity. A Random Forest analysis found that the average path length and the clustering coefficient were the main determinants of soil multi-nutrient cycling. These findings suggested that SIT can be an effective option for improving soil multi-nutrient cycling and the structure of microbial networks, and they provide crucial information about the microbial strategies that drive the decomposition of straw in Hapli-Udic Cambisol.

Abstract This study focuses on the prevalence and characteristics of anxiety in patients with pulmonary nodules that was assessed by Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) scores. A total of 890 patients were enrolled in this study, including incidence of absence of anxiety n = 343 (38.54%), mild or probable anxiety n = 459 (51.57%) and moderate or definite anxiety n = 79 (8.88%) and obvious anxiety n = 9 (1.01%), respectively. According to the definition of anxiety, 88 (9.89%) patients were enrolled in anxiety group. The incidence of anxiety in females was significantly higher than male (11.98% vs. 7.20%, p = 0.018), patients with respiratory symptoms were significantly higher than without respiratory symptoms (13.33% vs. 8.50%, p = 0.029) and diameter of pulmonary nodules >8 mm is significantly higher than ≤8 mm (13.35% vs. 7.10%, p = 0.002). Regression analysis showed that female (OR = 0.548, 95% CI: 0.340–0.884), family history of malignant tumour (OR = 1.691, 95% CI: 1.067–2.678), respiratory symptoms (OR = 1.713, 95% CI: 1.073–2.733) and diameter >8 mm (OR = 2.135, 95% CI: 1.350–3.375) were independent risk factors of anxiety. Further analysis of 88 patients with anxiety showed the sum of psychic anxiety was significantly higher than somatic anxiety (16.66 ± 2.46 vs. 0.97 ± 1.10, p

BackgroundWith the improvement of immunosuppressive regimens, the success rate and availability of ABO-incompatible (ABO-i) kidney transplantation (KT) have gradually increased. However, the management of immunosuppression protocols and complications associated with ABO-i KT is complex. Here, we report a clinical case of ABO-i living donor KT with allograft dysfunction caused by acute blood group antibody-dependent rejection triggered by human parvovirus B19 (B19V).Case reportThe ABO blood group of the recipient was O, and that of the donor was B. The recipient had high baseline anti-B antibody titers (IgM, 1:1024; IgG, 1:64). Before transplantation, he completed a desensitization protocol comprising plasma exchange, double-filtration plasmapheresis, and rituximab, which maintained a low blood group antibody level and resulted in successful transplantation. Two weeks after surgery, the recipient developed a B19V infection combined with acute T-cell-mediated rejection. After the anti-rejection regimen, acute rejection (AR) was successfully reversed, but B19V persisted. One week after AR stabilization, the patient experienced acute antibody-mediated rejection that was more severe and refractory, resulting in the loss of the transplanted kidney.ConclusionDesensitization combined with immunosuppressants can lead to overimmunosuppression and cause various infections. Infections could break the accommodation state of the patient, thereby inducing AR and resulting in the loss of the transplanted kidney.

Objectives: To explore the utilization, barriers, and factors associated with the targeted treatment of Chinese metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients.Methods: A total of 1,688 mCRC patients from 19 hospitals in 14 cities were enrolled from March 2020 to March 2021 using stratified, multistage cluster sampling. The use of targeted therapy and any barriers patients experienced were collected. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the factors associated with initiating targeted treatment.Results: About 51.6% of the patients initiated targeted therapy, of whom 44.5%, 20.2%, and 35.2% started first-, second-, and third-line treatment, respectively. The most reported barriers were high medical costs and a lack of belief in the efficacy of targeted therapy. Patients treated in the general hospital, diagnosed at an older age, less educated, and who had a lower family income, no medical insurance, poor health-related quality of life, metastasis outside the liver/lung or systemic metastasis, a shorter duration of mCRC were less likely to initiate targeted therapy.Conclusion: Reduced medical costs and interventional education to improve public awareness could facilitate the use of targeted treatment for mCRC.

IntroductionThis cross-sectional study evaluated the involvement of patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) in treatment decision-making, assessed the treatment efficacy according to their self-reports, and investigated the influencing factors.MethodsPatients with advanced CRC were recruited from 19 hospitals from March 2020 to March 2021 by a multi-stage multi-level sampling method. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect demographic and clinical characteristics, involvement of CRC patients in treatment decision-making, treatment methods, and self-reported efficacy. Univariate and unordered multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the factors affecting the involvement in treatment decision-making and self-reported efficacy.ResultsWe enrolled 4533 patients with advanced CRC. The average age at diagnosis was 58.7 ± 11.8 years. For the treatment method, 32.4% of patients received surgery combined with chemotherapy, 13.1% of patients underwent surgery combined with chemotherapy and targeted therapy, and 9.7% of patients were treated with surgery alone. For treatment decision-making, 7.0% of patients were solely responsible for decision-making, 47.0% of patients shared treatment decision-making with family members, 19.0% of patients had family members solely responsible for treatment decision-making, and 27.0% of patients had their physicians solely responsible for treatment decision-making. Gender, age, education level, family income, marital status, treatment cost, hospital type, and treatment method were significantly associated with the involvement of patients in treatment decision-making. A total of 3824 patients submitted self-reported efficacy evaluations during treatment. The percentage of patients with good self-reported efficacy was 76.5% (for patients treated for the first time), 61.7% (for patients treated for the second time), and 43.2% (for patients treated after recurrence and metastasis), respectively. Occupation, education level, average annual family income, place of residence, time since cancer diagnosis, hospital type, clinical stage, targeted therapy, and involvement in treatment decision-making were the main influencing factors of self-reported efficacy of treatment.DiscussionConclusively, CRC patients are not highly dominant in treatment decision-making and more likely to make treatment decisions with their family and doctors. Timely and effective communication between doctors and patients can bolster patient involvement in treatment decision-making.

ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic value of gated SPECT MPI in non-obstructed coronary arteries (INOCA) patients, sought to stratify patients more accurately and thus derive more reliable prognostic information.Materials and methodsIn total, 167 patients with INOCA were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups according to their SSS. Patients were followed-up regularly in terms of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), including cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, re-hospitalization with angina pectoris, and recurrent angina pectoris. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox's proportional hazards models were used to analyze survival and identify predictive factors.ResultsAdverse cardiac events occurred in 33 cases (19.8%). The rate of MACE was higher in the summed stress score (SSS) ≥4 group than in the SSS 0–3 group (30.1% vs. 9.5%, respectively, P = 0.001) and MACE-free survival was lower (annual MACE-free rates of 87.5% vs. 96.2%, respectively, P = 0.003). Event-free survival was consistently higher in patients with normal arteries than in those with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (annual MACE-free rates of 96.1% and 88.4%, P = 0.035). When the SSS and the CAG results were combined, patients with normal coronary arteries (SSS 0–3) had the best prognosis and those with non-obstructive coronary artery stenosis (SSS ≥ 4) had the worst. However, the early prognosis of patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease and SSS of 0–3 was comparable to that of patients with normal coronary arteries and SSS ≥ 4 (annual MACE-free rates of 100%, 94.6%, 93.1%, and 78.2%, respectively). Multivariate Cox's regression indicated that the SSS [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.126, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.042–1.217, P = 0.003] and non-obstructive coronary artery disease (HR = 2.559, 95% CI 1.249–5.246, P = 0.01) were predictors of adverse cardiac events.ConclusionSPECT MPI data were prognostic for INOCA patients, thus identifying groups at high risk. The long-term predictive efficacy of such data exceeded that of CAG data. A combination of the two measures more accurately stratified INOCA patients in terms of risk.

Abstract Background Targeted therapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors is considered a promising treatment for primary advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, the difference between synchronous and asynchronous treatment of lenvatinib with programmed death receptor‐1 (PD‐1) inhibitor in advanced HCC is still unclear. The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the effectiveness of synchronous and asynchronous of lenvatinib and PD‐1 inhibitor on the advanced HCC beyond oligometastasis. Methods In this study, 213 patients from four institutions in China were involved. Patients were split into two collections: (1) lenvatinib plus PD‐1 inhibitor were used synchronously (synchronous treatment group); (2) patients in asynchronous treatment group received PD‐1 inhibitor after 3 months of lenvatinib treatment prior to tumour progression. To analyse progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), efficacy and safety of patients in both groups, we employed propensity score matching (PSM). Results The 6‐, 12‐ and 24‐month OS rates were 100%, 93.4% and 58.1% in the synchronous treatment group and 100%, 71.5% and 25.3% in the asynchronous treatment group, respectively. In contrast to the asynchronous treatment group, the group treated synchronously exhibited a substantially enhanced OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.30–0.66; p < .001). The 6‐, 12‐ and 18‐month PFS rates were 82.6%, 42.6% and 10.8% in the synchronous treatment group and 63.3%, 14.2% and 0% in the asynchronous treatment group, respectively. A significant difference was observed in the PFS rate (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.33–0.63; p < .001) between the two collections. Conclusions Patients with advanced HCC beyond oligometastasis, simultaneous administration of lenvatinib and PD‐1 inhibitor led to significant improvements in survival.

Kai-Xin-San (KXS) is a Chinese medicine formulation that is commonly used to treat depression caused by dual deficiencies in the heart and spleen. Recent studies indicated that miRNAs were involved in the pathophysiology of depression. However, there have been few studies on the mechanism underlying the miRNAs directly mediating antidepressant at clinical level, especially in nature drugs and TCM compound. In this study, we identified circulating miRNAs defferentially expressed among the depression patients (DPs), DPs who underwent 8weeks of KXS treatment and health controls (HCs). A total of 45 miRNAs (17 were up-regulated and 28 were down-regulated) were significantly differentially expressed among three groups. Subsequently, qRT-PCR was used to verify 10 differentially expressed candidate miRNAs in more serum samples, and the results showed that 6 miRNAs (miR-1281, miR-365a-3p, miR-2861, miR-16-5p, miR-1202 and miR-451a) were consistent with the results of microarray. Among them, miR-1281, was the novel dynamically altered and appeared to be specifically related to depression and antidepressant effects of KXS. MicroRNA-gene-pathway-net analysis showed that miR-1281-regulated genes are mostly key nodes in the classical signaling pathway related to depression. Additionally, our data suggest that ADCY1 and DVL1 were the targets of miR-1281. Thus, based on the discovery of miRNA expression profiles in vivo, our findings suggest a new role for miR-1281 related to depression and demonstrated in vitro that KXS may activate cAMP/PKA/ERK/CREB and Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction pathways by down-regulating miR-1281 that targets ADCY1 and DVL1 to achieve its role in neuronal cell protection.

As an alternative to the traditional ammonia (NH3) synthesis method, the electrochemical reduction reaction of nitrate (NO3-RR) for NH3 production not only mitigates nitrate pollution but also yields economically valuable NH3. Cu2O nanomaterials exhibit excellent catalytic activity for NO3-RR with low cost and are beneficial for the rate-limiting step (NO3- to NO2-). In this work, Au-modified Cu2O nanocubes (Au/Cu2O NCs) were synthesized and used as an efficient NO3-RR electrocatalyst for NH3 production. At -0.75 V potential (relative to the reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE), Au/Cu2O NCs reach 39.79 mg h-1 mgcat-1 in NH3 yield and a faradaic efficiency of 92.93%. Furthermore, the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) characteristics of Au and a narrow band gap of Cu2O can generate plasma and photoexcited electrons, which can efficiently utilize visible light to accelerate NO3-RR. Indeed, the synergistic effect between Au and Cu2O can result in an increased NH3 yield of 57.3 mg h-1 mgcat-1 under external light conditions for NO3-RR, 1.44 times higher than that without light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background: The evidence of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) following transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) combined with sorafenib for intermediate-stage recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (RHCC) is limited. Patient responses to this treatment vary because of the heterogeneous nature of RHCC, making it important to identify patients who are most likely to benefit from this combination therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of RFA following TACE and sorafenib for the intermediate-stage RHCC. Methods: This retrospective, multicentre, cohort study included 363 patients with intermediate-stage RHCC underwent TACE combined with sorafenib (TACE-sorafenib group) or RFA following TACE and sorafenib (TACE-sorafenib + RFA group) between January 01, 2009 to December 31, 2015 from four institutions in China. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and efficacy of patients were compared between the two groups by propensity score–matching (PSM). Findings: The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 97.7%, 83.7%, 54.7% in TACE-sorafenib + RFA group, and 93.3%, 57.0%, 32.7% in TACE-sorafenib group. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year PFS rates were 85.3%, 58.0%, 26.9% in TACE-sorafenib + RFA group, and 55.3%, 30.7%, 15.3% in TACE-sorafenib group. Compared with the TACE-sorafenib group, the TACE-sorafenib + RFA group had significantly longer OS (HR, 0.54; 95%CI, 0.40–0.73; P

Objective. To study the effect of congenital dyskeratosis 1 (DKC1) on neuroblastoma and its regulation mechanism. Methods. The expression of DKC1 in neuroblastoma was analyzed by TCGA database and molecular assay. NB cells were transfected with siDKC1 to observe the effects of DKC1 on proliferation, cloning, metastasis, and invasion, and apoptosis and apoptosis-related proteins. The tumor-bearing mouse model was constructed, shDKC1 was transfected to observe the tumor growth and tumor tissue changes, and the expression of DKC1 and Ki-67 was detected. Screening and identification of miRNA326-5p targeting DKC1. NB cells were treated with miRNA326-5p mimic or inhibitors to detect the expression of DKC1. NB cells were transfected with miRNA326-5p and DKC1 mimics to detect cell proliferation, apoptosis, and apoptotic protein expression. Results. DKC1 was highly expressed in NB cells and tissues. The activity, proliferation, invasion, and migration of NB cells were significantly decreased by DKC1 gene knockout, while apoptosis was significantly increased. The expression level of B-cell lymphoma-2 in shDKC1 group was significantly lower than that of the control group, while the expression level of BAK, BAX, and caspase-3 was significantly higher than that of the control group. The results of experiments on tumor-bearing mice were consistent with the above results. The results of miRNA assay showed that miRNA326-5p could bind DKC1 mRNA to inhibit the protein expression, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of NB cells, promoting their apoptosis, and regulating the expression of apoptotic proteins. Conclusion. miRNA326-5p targeting DKC1 mRNA regulates apoptosis-related proteins to inhibit neuroblastoma proliferation and promote the apoptotic process.

BackgroundThe association between tumor location and breast cancer prognosis has been controversial. We sought to explore the relationship between tumors located in central and nipple portion (TCNP) and Chinese breast cancer.Patients and methodsA total of 1,427 breast cancer patients were recruited. There were 328 cases of TCNP and 1,099 cases of tumors in the breast peripheral quadrant (TBPQ). The chi-square test was used to compare different variables between TCNP and TBPQ groups. A one-to-one propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to construct a matched sample consisting of pairs of TCNP and TBPQ groups. Kaplan–Meier curves were used for survival analysis of disease-free survival (DFS), breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS). The Cox proportional hazards regression model was applied to identify prognostic risk factors.ResultsThe median follow-up time was 58 months. Compared to TBPQ, TCNP patients had significantly larger tumor size, more frequent metastasis to lymph nodes (LN) and more proportions of TNM stage II–III. DFS, OS and BCSS rates were markedly lower in the TCNP group as compared to the TBPQ group before and after PSM (all p

Understanding the acoustic characteristics of hydrates in various sediments is crucial for hydrate resource detection and safe and efficient exploitation, as hydrate occurrence patterns vary greatly in different sediments. In this work, sediments with different bentonite contents, water saturations, and types were prepared to investigate the characteristics of P-wave velocity (reflecting the magnitude of hydrate saturation in the sediment) and amplitude (reflecting the degree of hydrate-sediment cementation) during hydrate formation and depressurization. During hydrate formation, the P-wave velocity and amplitude have similar trends. As clay content increases, the P-wave velocity increase rates quickened. On the other hand, the increased rate of P-wave velocity slows down with the increase of water saturation in the clay-bearing sediments. Comparing various types of sediment shows that the water absorption and swelling of bentonite reduce the pore space, speeding up the cementation of the hydrate with the sediment and increasing P-wave velocity at a faster rate. Correspondence between P-wave velocity and hydrate saturation is strongly related to sediment type, clay content, and water saturation. The rapidly decreasing amplitude in the early stage of hydrate depressurization indicates that hydrate in clay-bearing sediments is weakly cemented to the sediments, which is prone to stratigraphic instability. The findings of this study offer guidance for hydrate resource assessments in clay-bearing sediments as well as geologic risk estimations during hydrate mining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the face of the unprecedented public health crisis caused by the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic, front-line health workers are under enormous mental pressure. This paper aims to explore the mental health challenges faced by front-line health workers in the early stages of a public health emergency, such as stress, anxiety, and depression. At the same time, the factors that increase their mental stress are analyzed, and practical measures are put forward to prevent and manage mental health problems, aiming at improving the quality of medical treatment during public health emergencies. This paper has some reference value for people engaged in mental health prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]