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Despite great advance has been made in multi-modality treatments for HCC patients, the effectiveness is far from satisfactory with worse survival outcome, which may be partly explainable by the anti-tumor deficiency of the immune system. It is necessary to clarify the molecular mechanism of HCC immunodeficiency. Here, we demonstrated that carbohydrate sulfotransferase 11 (CHST11) was upregulated in HCC and related to advanced TNM stage. HCC patients with TP53 mutation showed higher CHST11 expression. Survival analysis revealed that CHST11 was an independent prognostic biomarker in HCC. Cellular functional experiments indicated that knockdown of CHST11 in HCC inhibited cell proliferation and metastasis. Gene functional enrichment analyses indicated that CHST11 modulated pathways related to tumor growth, metastasis and immune regulation. Continuative immune-related analyses revealed that CHST11 expression facilitated Tregs infiltration in HCC and promoted the expression of checkpoints PD-L1/PD-1, resulting in the immunosuppression of HCC. Targeting CHST11 may inhibit Tregs infiltration and enhance the antineoplastic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors, which provides a novel insight into the combination immunotherapy with Treg-modulating agents and PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors.

Two hundred and two cases of acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) were treated with Shuanghuanglian (SHL) aerosol. In these cases, the majority were virus infection and 64% of them was caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The virostatic and bacteriostatic test were done in vitro by the cell culture method and it was shown that SHL could inhibit the RSV, para-influenza virus I ~ IV and 23 kinds of pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus etc. The bacteriostatic effect was positively correlated to the SHL concentration. Experimental study showed that SHL could enhance the NK cell activity, promote the production of α-interferon and raise the rate of lymphocyte transformation. The controlled observation on SHL preparation with various dosage-forms revealed that the SHL aerosol in treating early ARI showed better results than that of injections and oral liquid symptomatologically (P

The mol­ecule of the title compound, C16H14N2O3, is slightly non-planar, with a dihedral angle of 4.01 (1)° between the two benzene rings. In the crystal structure, mol­ecules are linked into chains by C—H⋯O inter­molecular hydrogen bonds. The crystal structure is stabilized by C—H⋯π and π–π inter­actions.

The mol­ecule of the title compound, C16H14N2O3, is slightly non-planar, with a dihedral angle of 3.3 (1)° between the two benzene rings. In the crystal structure, the mol­ecules are linked into centrosymmetric dimers by inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

In the mol­ecule of the title compound, C16H15NO, all bond lengths and angles are within normal ranges. The dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings is of 62.80 (1)°. The crystal packing is stabilized by C—H⋯π inter­actions.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C19H14N2O2, the mol­ecules are almost planar. The dihedral angle between the two aromatic ring systems is 3.67 (1)°.