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In recent years, the T-cell therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors toward CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 axis antibody therapy have acquired encouraging success. However, most of patients were still not benefited with lots of troubles, such as low penetration of tissues/cells, strong immunogenicity and cytokine release syndrome, and long manufacturing process and expensive costs. By contrast, the immune-modulating small molecules possessed natural advantages to overcome these obstacles and might achieve greater success.Exploring the potent immune-modulating natural small molecules and revealing what kinds of molecules or structures with the immunomodulatory activity against cancers.A novel non-cytotoxic T-cell immunomodulating screening model was used to identify the cytotoxic/selective/immunomodulatory bioactivity for 148 natural steroidal saponins. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) research was used to reveal the key groups for immunomodulation/cytotoxicity/selectivity. The negative selection was used to isolate and purify the T-cell. The cell viability assay was used to measure the anti-cancer effect in vitro. The ELISA assay was used to detect the cytokines for IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-12, perforin and granzyme B (GZMB). The western blotting assay was used to research the immunomodulatory mechanism. The siRNA knockdown was used to generate the IFN-γ resistant melanoma cells. The NOG immune-deficient mice were used to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy in vivo. The peripheral blood samples from 10 cancer patients were used to detect the broad population anti-tumor efficacy.It was reported that the correlation among structures and immunomodulation/ cytotoxicity/selectivity, in which opening ring-F with 26-O-glucopyranosyl, disaccharide and trisaccharide chains at C-3, steric hindrance and polarity of C-22 were key immunomodulatory groups. Moreover, taccaoside A was identified as the most potent candidate against cancer cells, including non-small cell lung cancer, triple negative breast cancer, and the IFN-γ resistant melanoma, partly through enhancing T lymphocyte mTORC1-Blimp-1 signal to secrete GZMB. Besides, 10 patients derived T-cell also would be modulated against cancer cells in vitro. Moreover, the overall survival was great extended (140 days vs 93 days) with nearly 100% tumor burden disappearance (0 mmThis work demonstrated one possibility for this concerned purpose, and identified a potent immune-modulating natural molecule taccaoside A, which might contribute to cancer immunotherapy in future.

The zanthoxylum herbs are the dual-purpose Chinese herbal medicine and functional food favored by East and Southeast Asians. In this study, nematicidal and antibacterial major active components among ten typical zanthoxylum herbs (ethanol extracts) were investigated comprehensively by high resolution mass spectrometry. The major ingredients and their contents were analyzed, especially summarizing the typical fragment ions of alkaloids, amides, lignans, and coumarins of zanthoxylum herbs. We found that ethanol extracts of zanthoxylum herbs showed significantly high antibacterial properties. The MICs values of Zanthoxylum piasezkii Maxim (CJ), Zanthoxylum khasianum Hook (HJ), and Zanthoxylum armatum DC (ZYHJ) with S. aureus, MRSA, S. hemolyiicus and C. albicans were 0.1–0.5 mg/mL, respectively. In addition, CJ extract (1 mg/mL) had a significant effect on killing nematode eggs (p

The Baer ophiolitic massif is located in the northern sub-belt of the western segment of the Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone (YZSZ) and mainly consists of a lherzolite-dominant mantle suite, dolerite intrusions and limited crustal outcrops. The dolerites show sub-ophitic texture and light rare earth element-depleted chondrite-normalized rare earth element patterns similar to normal-mid-ocean ridge basalts (N-MORB); though, they display enrichments in fluid-mobile elements (Rb, Ba, and Sr) and marked depletions in Th and Nb. The U–Pb ages of several magmatic zircon grains recovered from two dolerite samples indicate that the intrusion of the dikes into the Baer lherzolitic mantle occurred at 125.6–126.3 Ma, consistent with the widespread mafic magmatism between 120 and 130 Ma in the Yarlung Zangbo ophiolites. The dolerites have slightly more radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7043–0.7054) in comparison to N-MORB, whereas they show 143Nd/144Nd values (0.513067–0.513114) similar to N-MORB and high zircon Hf-i...

The unprecedently rearranged 6/5/8/6/5 pentacyclic monoterpenoid indole alkaloid voafriamidine from Voacanga africana contains an uncommon N-acyl amidine structural motif that forms a unique 2,4-diazatricycle-[6,5,11,8,03,7] tetradecane skeleton. Despite the lack of proper NMR correlations for the related quaternary carbon and nitrogen, the complex structure was finally elucidated by the combination of ACD/Structure Elucidator, density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the NMR spectra and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses.

Due to the complicated pathogenesis of Alzheimer&rsquo, s disease (AD), the development of multitargeted agents to simultaneously interfere with multiple pathological processes of AD is a potential choice. Glycogen synthase kinase-3&beta, (GSK-3&beta, ) plays a vital role in the AD pathological process. In this study, we discovered a novel 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivative B10 as a GSK-3&beta, inhibitor that features with a quinolin-8-ol moiety to target the metal dyshomeostasis of AD. B10 potently inhibited GSK-3&beta, with an IC50 of 66 &plusmn, 2.5 nM. At the concentration of 20 &mu, M, B10 increased &beta, catenin abundance (&beta, catenin/GAPDH: 0.83 &plusmn, 0.086 vs. 0.30 &plusmn, 0.016), phosphorylated GSK-3&beta, at Ser9 (p-GSK-3&beta, /GAPDH: 0.53 &plusmn, 0.045 vs. 0.35 &plusmn, 0.012), and decreased the phosphorylated tau level (p-tau/GAPDH: 0.33 &plusmn, 0.065 vs. 0.83 &plusmn, 0.061) in SH-SY5Y cells. Unlike other GSK-3&beta, inhibitors, B10 had a direct effect on A&beta, by inhibiting A&beta, 1-42 aggregation and promoting the A&beta, 1-42 aggregate disassociation. It selectively chelated with Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe3+, and Al3+, and targeted AD metal dyshomeostasis. Moreover, B10 effectively increased the mRNA expression of the recognized neurogenesis markers, GAP43, N-myc, and MAP-2, and promoted the differentiated neuronal neurite outgrowth, possibly through the GSK-3&beta, and &beta, catenin signal pathways. Therefore, B10 is a potent and unique GSK-3&beta, inhibitor that has a direct on A&beta, and serves as a multifunctional anti-AD agent for further investigations.

In order to solve the problems of nutrient absorption and accumulation and provide theoretical basis for rational amount of calcium fertilization of peanut in saline land, the effects of calcium fertilizer application on absorption and accumulation of nutrients including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium in peanut under salt stress were examined. Using 'Huayu 25' as experimental material, four Ca levels [T为解决盐碱地花生养分吸收不畅及分配受阻等问题,研究外源施钙对盐胁迫下花生氮、磷、钾、钙、镁吸收积累、分配特性和产量的影响,为盐碱地花生生产合理、高效施肥提供理论依据.以‘花育25号’为材料,在0.3%盐胁迫浓度下,设置4个Ca浓度梯度[T

In this paper, a method of digital meter reading recognition algorithm was proposed. Our algorithm is based on the template matching pattern recognition method combined with deep learning algorithm with considering the characteristics of substation indoor environment. First, block higher order statistics and threshold via local maximal between-cluster variance are used to locate the digital region on the dashboard, then used the deep learning algorithm with template matching method to compare the digital region with chosen teacher image template, and finally determine the value of digital region. This method is simple and efficient that can be effectively applied in indoor inspection tasks for automatically inspection robot of power substation.

The adsorption and desorption properties of Astragalus Polysaccharide (APS) (70% content) on Macroporous resins including X-5, AB-8 and D101 have been compared. APS solutions of different concentrations were tested to find a suitable sample concentration on the macroporous resins. According to our test results, AB-8 performs better than other resins. The adsorption capacity and desorption rate are 41.73mg/ml and 83.74%, higher adsorption speed for APS. Column chromatograph with AB-8 resin was used for the purification test, the sample concentration of APS is 20mg/ml, the purity of APS can reach 94.68%.

The antibacterial activity of extracts from Gentiana farreri Balf. f. was studied using Bnfillus licheniformis, Aeruginosus Bacillus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli as the test bacteria by Oxford cup. Meanwhile, the MIC of each extraction part of the ethanol extracts were determined. The results showed that the EtOAc extracts displayed the best antibacterial activity, the n-BuOH extracts had the lower activity, and the petroleum ether extracts had the lowest activity. The antibacterial activity enhanced along with the increase of sample concentration.

Four flavonoids were isolated from the EtOAc extract ofGentiana algidaPall. The structures of these compounds were elucidated as: patulitrin (1), Isoscoparin (2), swertisin (3), swertiajaponin (4). These compounds were identified on the basis of comparing their NMR datas with those of corresponding compounds in the literature. The cytotoxic activity of all these compounds were investigated on the growth of HepG-2 cells, the result showed that compound 2 have high cytotoxic activity, the IC50value is 47.25g/ml.

Improved and extended level set framework with a novel iso-neigborhood concept. In the new framework, driving forces are determined by the iso-neighborhood rather than only by some exterior field outside the propagating fronts. This hybrid driving forces make the propagation of the active contour more robust. And furthermore the new framework will be very flexible to various kinds of images by defining different type of sampling algorithm in the iso-neighborhood.

Eight compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract of G. algida Pall. the structure of these compounds were identified as: oleic acid (1), linoleic acid (2), octacosanoic acid (3), β-sitosterol (4), 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester (5), n-butyl isobutyl phthalate (6), daucosterol (7), 5,8-dimethoxy furocoumarin (8). These structures were identified by NMR MS IR and other spectroscopic techniques. These compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Five compounds were isolated from the EtOAc extract of Euphorbia altotibetica. The structures of these compounds were elucidated as: β-sitosterol (1), daucosterol (2), chrysophanol (3), (-)-epiafzelechin (4), 5,2-dihydroxy-7,8,6-trimethoxyflavanone (5) by NMR datas, the antibacterial activity of all compounds were examined on five species of bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus licheniformis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Membrane algorithms are a class of distributed and parallel algorithms inspired by the structure and behavior of living cells. Many attractive features of living cells have already been abstracted as operators to improve the performance of algorithms. In this work, inspired by the function of biological neuron cells storing information, we consider a memory mechanism by introducing memory modules into a membrane algorithm. The framework of the algorithm consists of two kinds of modules (computation modules and memory modules), both of which are arranged in a ring neighborhood topology. They can store and process information, and exchange information with each other. We test our method on a knapsack problem to demonstrate its feasibility and effectiveness. During the process of approaching the optimum solution, feasible solutions are evolved by rewriting rules in each module, and the information transfers according to directions defined by communication rules. Simulation results showed that the performance of membrane algorithms with memory cells is superior to that of algorithms without memory cells for solving a knapsack problem. Furthermore, the memory mechanism can prevent premature convergence and increase the possibility of finding a global solution.

Spiking neural (SN) P systems are a class of distributed parallel computing devices inspired by the way neurons communicate by means of spikes. In this work, we investigate reversibility in SN P systems, as well as the computing power of reversible SN P systems. Reversible SN P systems are proved to have Turing creativity, that is, they can compute any recursively enumerable set of non-negative integers by simulating universal reversible register machine.

Seismic exploration is a effective methods to ascertain underground structure and looking for oil. As the data collected in the wild are often subjected to the interference of noise, is not conducive to the analysis and interpretation of seismic data, therefore removing noise is the premise of data interpretation. To use the Fourier transform and wavelet analysis denoising a synthetic seismogram in this paper, by comparing denoising results, wavelet soft threshold denoising waveform is smooth, and it can better reconstruction original waveform.

GPS information collecting and processing is an important part of the navigation and positioning system. Through the establishment of cross-compiler environment, using the ARM processor S3C2440A and Linux operating systems as the hardware and software platform and the GS87 is used as GPS receiver module, the NMEA-0183 communications protocol and serial asynchronous communication between the ARM platform and GS87 module are analyzed. Through the serial port programming, GPS information collecting and processing system is realized. By querying the GPRMC statement and the corresponding conversion, the useful information is separated. The final practice has proved that the system data is of high precision, real-time property and good practical value.

There is a very small additional current component of frequency in the stator current signal when motor has broken rotor bars.So adaptive notch filter is applied to process the signals of the stator current in induction motors.The variable step size LMS algorithm and the multiple-scale wavelet transform are merged into the adaptive filtering system.A method is proposed, that is a LMS adaptive filtering algorithm with modified variable step size based on multiple-scale wavelet transform(MSWT-MVSS-LMS).It can eliminate interference from power frequency component to frequency component of broken rotor bar and achieve precise identification to frequency component of broken rotor bar from FFT.The result is a great help to extract the feature component of rotor fault and improve the sensitivity of fault diagnosis.The simulation show that the method is valid and effective.

In recent years, with the development of optical communication by leaps and bounds, promote the Micro-opto-electro-mechanical system (MOEMS) development. As a new technology, the MOEMS have been widely used in optical communication, optical switching, data storage, optical sensing and etc.. Compared with the traditional pressure sensors, the optical pressure sensor based on MOEMS has some unique advantages. In this paper, the structures, operation principles and fabrication processes of various MOEMS pressure sensors are described mainly. Finally, the structure and Key technology of a MOEMS pressure sensor array is presented in brief.

Internationalization of higher education has become an irreversible trend of modern world, where international course is the key link. For Chinese universities, during the transition from traditional ‘Foreign students class’ (for foreign students only) to ‘International class’, in which Chinese students and foreign students will be trained under one roof, they have to face great challenges of teaching transition, including teaching contents, methods, examinations transformations. In this paper, taking materials physics courses for example, we put forward some suggestions on teaching transformation of international education from ‘Foreign students class’ to ‘International class’, basing on the experience of one-year visiting in University of Victoria (UVic), Canada and the differences of teaching between our Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) and UVic.

A grinding trouble on-line monitoring mode is presented based on the nonlinear building mode principle of neural network. The input units were the peak of the FFT, the peak of RMS, and the standard deviation of AE signals. The outputs were the troubles of the grinding burning, grinding chatter, and grinding wheel dull. The structure of neural network is established by self-configuration method. The network mode is trained and tested by using the experiment data, and the results indicate that the neural network mode obtained by self-configuration method has high recognize rate for grinding troubles, and can be used to monitor grinding troubles on-line.

The grinding quality assessing is a complex decision-making process, which must optimize and balance multi-influence factors. A grinding quality assessing method based on fuzzy synthetic evaluation theory combined with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is presented in this paper, and used to quality assessing for grinding process. The result of analyzing example indicates that this method can be used to estimate grinding quality based on the monitoring result of grinding process and grinding condition, and to assist grinding worker to select optimum grinding parameters for the steady grinding quality.

To investigate the typical features of contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging in malignant lymphoma after treatment with integrated Chinese and Western medicine.Ten patients with malignant lymphoma after different treatment cycles were examined with contrast-enhanced sonography, including 21 lymphnodes (in the neck, space of iliac blood vessels, retroperitoneum) and 7 spleen infiltrations.The blood flow pattern distribution in lymph node before freatment was significantly different from that after trentment showed either by color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) or by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS, P0.05), and the difference in splenic lesion was shown by CEUS (P0.05).Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging is a valuable tool for the follow-ups of malignant lymphoma after chemotherapy and guiding subsequent treatment.

To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the diagnosis of thyroid occupied lesions with injection of sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles.Fifty nine cases of conventional ultrasonic diagnosis of thyroid lesions in patients with 73 lesions re-sulfur hexafluoride microbubble ultrasound contrast real-time inspection, the use of CEUS and contrast pulse sequencing (CPS).Seventy-three lesions were satisfied with the dynamic contrast perfusion imaging. Ultrasound contrast prompted the 15 lesions (13 cases) of malignant lesions by postoperative pathology confirmed papillary thyroid carcinoma, ultrasound images showed a low or mixed echo, boundary ambiguity, accompanied by Microcalcification foci, blood flow distribution I rank or grade III. Ultrasound prompted 58 lesions (46 cases) of benign lesions, blood flow distribution of grade II or III, the performance of a variety of two-dimensional ultrasound image, showing cystic, solid or liquid-solid mass, border clearance. Contrast with the surrounding thyroid tissue, lesionsor=20 mm in diameter papillary thyroid carcinoma are poor blood supply type; diameteror=20 mm papillary thyroid carcinoma, manifested prior to the beginning of the adjacent thyroid substance to enhance and dissection, showing the form of high-enhanced perfusion; thyroid follicular adenoma as early as the beginning of the adjacent thyroid substance to enhance and dissection, mass retained within the contrast agent longer time, showing the form of high-enhanced perfusion; nodular goiter enhanced for thyroid nodules and adjacent synchronization started to pick up in real terms, after the 6 lesions showed nodular contrast slightly earlier than the adjacent thyroid substance started to pick up, 28 lesions with synchronous real beginning of the adjacent thyroid dissection, 11 lesions of nodular dissipated early on (started receding timeor = 25 s) adjacent to thyroid substance.The real-time CEUS with injecting sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles is valuable in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the thyroid occupied lesions.