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Zi-Jiao Wang,1,&ast; Xiao-Ning Liu,1,&ast; Jia-Jun He,1 Yan-Ping Wang,1 Chen-Xi Zhao,2 Xiao-Jing Yang,1 Hong-Yan Yin,3 De-Pin Cao,1,&ast; Shu-E Zhang1,&ast; 1Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; 2Academic Affairs Office, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: De-Pin Cao; Shu-E Zhang, Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13351113008 ; +86 15104694354, Email caodp211@126.com; hydzhangshue@163.comPurpose: The COVID-19 pandemic sets specific circumstances that may accelerate academic procrastination behavior of medical students. Career calling is a protective factor that fights against academic procrastination and may further improve medical students’ mental health and academic achievement. This study aims to determine the status of Chinese medical students’ academic procrastination during controlled COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the study investigates the relationships and mechanisms among career calling, peer pressure, a positive learning environment, and academic procrastination.Patients and Methods: Data were collected from several Chinese medical universities through an anonymous cross-sectional survey of 3614 respondents (effective response rate = 60.0%). Using online questionnaires to collect the data and IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 for statistical analysis.Results: The average score of academic procrastination of Chinese medical students was 2.62± 0.86. This study proved the usage of peer pressure and positive learning environment as moderating roles of relationship between career calling and academic procrastination. Career calling was negatively correlated with academic procrastination (r = − 0.232, p < 0.01), while it was positively correlated with peer pressure (r = 0.390, p < 0.01) and a positive learning environment (r = 0.339, p < 0.01). Moreover, academic procrastination was negatively correlated with peer pressure (r = − 0.279, p < 0.01) and a positive learning environment (r = − 0.242, p < 0.01). Peer pressure was positively correlated with a positive learning environment (r = 0.637, p < 0.01).Conclusion: The findings emphasize the importance of constructive peer pressure and a positive learning environment that discourages academic procrastination. Educators should highlight medical career calling education by offering related courses to fight against academic procrastination.Keywords: career calling, academic procrastination, peer pressure, positive learning environment, medical students, moderating effects

Erg Chech (EC) 002 is a meteorite with andesitic composition, potentially recording the lava crystallization and crust formation of its parent body. Nucleosynthetic Cr isotope composition (ε54Cr = −0.35 ± 0.06) for EC 002 suggests a non-carbonaceous region of the Solar system, and possibly represents the crustal composition of the brachinite parent body. The 53Mn-to-53Cr decay system shows it crystallized at 4566.6 ± 0.6 Ma, i.e. 0.7 ± 0.6 Ma after Solar system formation (only considering the cogenetic matrix fractions with similar ε54Cr values). This age represents the earliest recorded evidence for planetary melting and volcanism in the Solar system, suggesting that the planetary crust formation occurred very early, only within the first few hundred thousand years of Solar system history. However, the 53Mn–53Cr age does not overlap with 26Al–26Mg dating results, which might indicate that non-carbonaceous achondrites have lower initial 26Al/27Al than the canonical value defined by refractory inclusions in carbonaceous chondrites.

Background. We aimed to construct the lncRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network and distinguish feature lncRNAs associated with tendinopathy. Methods. We downloaded the gene profile of GSE26051 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), including 23 normal samples and 23 diseased tendons. Differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) were identified, and functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and further analyzed by module mining. Moreover, a ceRNA regulatory network was constructed based on the identified lncRNA–mRNA coexpression relationship pairs and miRNA–mRNA regulation pairs. Results. We identified 1117 DEmRNAs and 57 DElncRNAs from the GEO data. The downregulated DEmRNAs were particularly associated with muscle contraction and muscle filament, while the upregulated ones were linked to extracellular matrix organization and cell adhesion. From the PPI network, 11 modules were extracted. Genes in MCODE 2 (such as TPM4) were significantly involved in cardiomyopathy, and genes in MCODE 4 (such as COL4A3 and COL4A4) were involved in focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The ceRNA network contained 7 lncRNAs (MIR133A1HG, LINC01405, PRKCQ-AS1, C10orf71-AS1, MBNL1-AS1, HOTAIRM1, and DNM3OS), 63 mRNAs, and 41 miRNAs. Downregulated lncRNA MIR133A1HG could competitively bind with hsa-miR-659-3p and hsa-miR-218-1-3p to regulate the TPM3. Meanwhile, MIR133A1HG could competitively bind with hsa-miR-1179 to regulate the COL4A3. Downregulated C10orf71-AS1 could competitively bind with hsa-miR-130a-5p to regulate the COL4A4. Conclusions. Seven important lncRNAs, particularly MIR133A1HG and C10orf71-AS1, were found associated with tendinopathy according to the lncRNA-associated ceRNA network.

Extensive research has been conducted on insect chitinases. However, little is known about the function of chitinase in the regulation of the surface structure of the peritrophic matrix (PM) in larval midguts. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of HaCHT4 on the chitin content and surface structure of the PM during larval growth and development of Helicoverpa armigera.The expression level of HaCHT4 was lower and the chitin content was higher in the early stages of fourth to sixth instar larvae, but they were reversed in the corresponding late stages. The correlation coefficient between the expression level of HaCHT4 and the chitin content was -0.585 (P 0.05), with a higher negative correlation of -0.934 for the fourth instar (P 0.01). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the surface structure of PM was multi-laminated with small pores in the early stages of fourth to sixth instar larvae, and more and bigger pores in the late stages. Low expression of HaCHT4 caused by RNA interference (RNAi) resulted in the increase of chitin content in the PM, and the surface structure of PM became multilayered with smaller pore size in the late stage of fourth instar larvae. Also, induction of HaCHT4 by application of 2-tridecanone (2-TD), decreased the chitin content of PM, caused larger pores to form and lots of food bolus to attach to the PM surface, and also increased the larval susceptibility to chlorantraniliprole.These results provided strong evidence that HaCHT4 plays an important role by regulating the chitin content of the PM and its surface structure, thereby affecting the sensitivity of H. armigera to chlorantraniliprole.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a diabetic complication with complicated pathophysiological changes and pathogenesis and difficult treatment. Sodium houttuyfonate is the adduct of sodium bisulfite and houttuynin, the main volatile component in Houttuynia cordata Thunb, possesses a variety of activities including multiple interventions on inhibiting ventricular remodeling. The study aims to explore effect of sodium houttuyfonate on diabetic myocardial injury and its underlying mechanisms. The diabetes model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin at a dose of 85 mg/kg. By intragastric administration for 26 days, sodium houttuyfonate (50 and 100 mg/kg/d) reversed the abnormal serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, improved the abnormal levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase and brain natriuretic peptide, reduced electrocardiogram P-R and QRS interval extension, accelerated the heart rate, decreased serum malondialdehyde content, up-regulated the myocardial energy metabolism including elevated the contents of ATP, ADP, total adenine nucleotides and phosphocreatine in myocardium, decreased AMP/ATP ratio, elevated myocardial Ca

To investigate the regulation of chronic myelogenous leukemia （CML） imatinib resistant genes, in order to improve the therapeutic effect of CML imatinib resistant patients.The human CML cell line K562 and imatinib-resistant K562 cells (K562/G01) were collected, and transcriptome of the cells were achieved by RNA-seq. The sequencing data were analyzed by using standard procedures.Compared with K562 cells, 464 genes were significantly changed in K562/G01 cells, including 163 up-regulated and 301 down-regulated genes. The GO function annotation analysis and KEGG pathway analysis results showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in biological processes such as oxidative phosphorylation, localization to protein organelle, ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis and so on. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) plots showed that 5 gene-sets were up-regulated in K562/G01 significantly, including the pathway of TGF-beta, mTOR and CML.CML imatinib resistance is associated with oxidative phosphorylation, during which the pathway of TGF-beta and mTOR are significantly up-regulated.慢性粒细胞白血病耐伊马替尼细胞系的转录组分析.探讨调控慢性粒细胞白血病（CML）耐伊马替尼的基因，以提高CML耐伊马替尼患者的治疗效果.选取伊马替尼敏感细胞系K562和耐药细胞系K562/G01，采用RNA-seq方法获得对应细胞的转录组，并进行标准生物信息学分析.相较于K562细胞，耐伊马替尼细胞K562/G01转录组中共有464个表达显著变化的基因，其中163个基因表达上调，301个基因表达下调。GO功能注释分析和KEGG通路的富集分析结果显示，差异基因主要集中在氧化磷酸化、蛋白细胞器定位、核糖核蛋白复合体的生物发生等生物学过程。GSEA基因富集分析表明，有5个基因集在K562/G01中被显著的上调，如TGF-beta信号通路、mTOR信号通路、慢性粒细胞白血病相关信号通路等.CML细胞伊马替尼耐药与细胞中氧化磷酸化过程有关，在耐药过程中TGF-beta信号通路、mTOR信号通路发生显著上调.

An investigation of the fruiting bodies of edible mushroom

BACKGROUND: Many molecular alterations are shared by embryonic liver development and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Identifying the common molecular events would provide a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC. METHODS: Expression levels and clinical relevancies of SLC38A4 and HMGCS2 were investigated by qRT-PCR, western blot, TCGA and GEO datasets. The biological roles of SLC38A4 were investigated by functional assays. The downstream signalling pathway of SLC38A4 was investigated by qRT-PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, luciferase reporter assay, TCGA and GEO datasets. RESULTS: SLC38A4 silencing was identified as an oncofetal molecular event. DNA hypermethylation contributed to the downregulations of Slc38a4/SLC38A4 in the foetal liver and HCC. Low expression of SLC38A4 was associated with poor prognosis of HCC patients. Functional assays demonstrated that SLC38A4 depletion promoted HCC cellular proliferation, stemness and migration, and inhibited HCC cellular apoptosis in vitro, and further repressed HCC tumorigenesis in vivo. HMGCS2 was identified as a critical downstream target of SLC38A4. SLC38A4 increased HMGCS2 expression via upregulating AXIN1 and repressing Wnt/β-catenin/MYC axis. Functional rescue assays showed that HMGCS2 overexpression reversed the oncogenic roles of SLC38A4 depletion in HCC. CONCLUSIONS: SLC38A4 downregulation was identified as a novel oncofetal event, and SLC38A4 was identified as a novel tumour suppressor in HCC.

Background The aim of our study was to estimate the association of ficolin‐1 (FCN1) gene (rs10120023, rs1071583) and ficolin‐3 (FCN3) gene (rs3813800, rs10794501) polymorphisms and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) susceptibility, as well as their several clinical features, in a Chinese population. Methods This study included a cohort of 489 PTB patients and 489 healthy controls, and the four SNPs were genotyped by improved multiple ligase detection reaction (iMLDR). Results We found that there were no significant differences regarding the allele and genotype frequencies of FCN1 rs10120023, rs1071583 and FCN3 rs3813800, rs10794501 between PTB patients and healthy controls (all p > 0.05). The association of three main haplotypes (CC, CT, and TC) in FCN1 and three main haplotypes (CT, GA, and GT) in FCN3 with PTB susceptibility was also analyzed, and no significant association was detected (all p > 0.05). In FCN1, the rs1071583 TT genotype was significantly associated with the occurrence of drug resistance in PTB patients (p = 0.040). In addition, the GG genotype and G allele frequencies of rs3813800 in FCN3 gene were significantly higher in PTB patients with pulmonary infection (p = 0.027, p = 0.020, respectively). Conclusions FCN1 and FCN3 genetic variation were not contributed to the pathogenesis of PTB in Chinese. While rs1071583 and rs3813800 variant might associate with several clinical characteristics of PTB., Our results found that there were no significant differences regarding the allele and genotype frequencies of FCN1 rs10120023, rs1071583, FCN3 rs3813800, and rs10794501 between PTB patients and healthy controls (all p > 0.05). While the FCN1 rs1071583 TT genotype was significantly associated with the occurrence of drug resistance in PTB patients (p = 0.040), in addition, the GG genotype and G allele frequencies of rs3813800 in FCN3 gene were significantly higher in PTB patients with pulmonary infection (p = 0.027, p = 0.020, respectively).

In order to solve the problem that the influence of reservoir characteristics on the test results of air foam flooding, the mechanism of rhythmicity, heterogeneity and channeling of reservoir was studied by means of reservoir numerical simulation. The results show that: (1) in positive prosody reservoir, the recovery efficiency of the air foam flooding test is the most significant. (2) when the permeability difference of the reservoir is between 4 and 30, the effect of air foam flooding is better. (3) foam has a certain blocking effect on channeling channel, but when the permeability of channeling channel is greater than 3000 mD, the blocking effect is limited. It has important guiding significance for improving the effect of foam assisted deaeration air flooding test and promoting its application.

To explore clinical and radiographic effects of percutaneous pie-crusting deep medial collateral ligament release in patients with posterior horn tear of medial meniscus combined with tight medial compartment.From January 2012 to December 2016, 35 patients with medial meniscus posterior horn injury were treated with percutaneous pie crusting deep medial collateral ligament release technique, including 21 males and 14 females, aged from 21 to 55 years old with an average of (39.1±6.5) years old. Degree of meniscus extrusion were recorded before and 24 months after operation. The knee valgus stress test was performed to evaluate stability of medial collateral ligament, and compared difference between healthy and affected side. Lysholm and IKDC functional scores were compared before and 24 months after operation.All patients were followed up from 27 to 60 months with an average of (36.7±6.8) months. All patients were underwent operation, the wound healed well without complications. Operative time ranged from 0.5 to 1.2 h with an average of (0.8±0.4) h. Nineteen patients were performed partial meniscectomy, 16 patients were performed repair suture. Convex of meniscus before operation was (1.5±0.7) mm, and (1.7±0.4) mm after operation;had no statistical difference(For patients with medial meniscus tear of posterior horn combined with tight medial compartment, percutaneous pie-crusting deep medial collateralligament release could improve medial compartment space, and Knee valgus instability and meniscus extrusion are not affected.

Background Leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma (LP-PRP) from peripheral blood is currently used as a concentrated source of growth factors to stimulate repair at sites of soft tissue injury. Fibroblasts are primary mediators of wound healing. Thus, we aimed to assess the positive effect of LP-PRP on human fibroblast proliferation in vitro. Methods LP-PRP was prepared from 49 donors. The fibroblasts were seeded, and at 24 hours after seeding, 1 × 107/10 µL LP-PRP was added once to each well. The cells were harvested 10 times during study period at our planned points, and we examined cell proliferation using the water-soluble tetrazolium salt-1 assay. We collected the supernatants and measured the amount of growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AB/BB, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which are known to be involved in wound healing processes, by multiplex assay. Results Human fibroblasts treated with LP-PRP showed a significant increase in proliferation when compared to untreated controls (p < 0.001 at days 4, 6, and 8). Multiplex cytokine assays revealed various secretion patterns. PDGF-AB/BB appeared at early time points and peaked before fibroblast proliferation. IGF-1 and TGF-β1 secretion gradually increased and peaked on days 4 and 6 post-treatment. The early VEGF concentration was lower than the concentration of other growth factors but increased along with cell proliferation. Conclusions Platelets in LP-PRP release growth factors such as PDGF, IGF-1, TGF-β1 and VEGF, and these growth factors have a promoting effect for human fibroblast proliferation, one of the important mediators of wound healing. These results suggest that growth factors derived from LP-PRP enhance the proliferation of human fibroblast.

G-quadruplex DNA structures are prevalent in genomes and are considered to play important roles in many important biological processes, which can be linked to many cancers and human diseases. The development of specific probes for G-quadruplex DNAs is thus of great interest in order to gain a deeper understanding of the role of these structures and functions. Herein, we designed and synthesized two new quinolinium conjugates with different styrene-like side groups as G-quadruplex DNA probes. Results revealed that the substitution pattern gave a great influence on the ability for the discrimination of the G-quadruplex from other DNA structures. Probe R-1 with a flexible side group displayed significant and distinctive changes in both the absorption and fluorescence spectra in the presence of G-quadruplex DNAs. Evaluation of R-1 interactions with G-quadruplex DNAs was further performed with fluorescence and absorption titration, circular dichroism, and molecular docking to validate the selectivity, sensitivity and binding mechanism. In addition, the application of R-1 for living cell imaging was also demonstrated.

M2 macrophages play critical roles in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and they are associated with poor outcomes. TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been shown to be critically important to cancer cell dissemination in HCC. However, the relationship between stromal-like HCC cells and M2 macrophages formation is not clear. Here, we interrogated the molecular link between mesenchymal-like HCC cells and the formation of M2 macrophages. We demonstrated that mesenchymal-like HCC cells secrete connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) to polarized macrophages. Reciprocally, Chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) from M2 macrophages promotes HCC progression. Furthermore, CTGF and CCL18 were increased significantly in HCC compared to adjacent normal liver tissues. In summary, our study discovered a positive feedback loop between CTGF and CCL18 in HCC metastasis. Targeting CTGF or CCL18 might provide beneficial effects for the clinical treatment of HCC.

The development of small-molecule G-quadruplex DNA probes has attracted significant attention in recent years. However, G-quadruplexes can display a wide variety of topologies, which process different structures and functions. Therefore, selective discrimination one G-quadruplex structure over another is promising. Herein, we reported the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a long-chain fatty amine functionalized triphenylamine-quinolinium conjugate 1b . Significant enhancement of the fluorescence intensity (over 180 fold) was observed when 1b bound with HRAS G-quadruplex DNA, while much weaker enhancements were presented in the presence of other G-quadruplexes (45–90-fold) and single/double-stranded DNAs (less than 20-fold), indicating 1b had an excellent selectivity to HRAS . The details of the interactions were investigated by UV–Vis, FID and CD analysis. The results show 1b could interact and stabilize HRAS structure mainly by π-π stacking binding mode. The introduced amine chain of the structure core was found to be better in the terms of inducing selectivity toward G-quadruplex structure. In addition, the application of 1b as a fluorescent agent for living cell imaging was also demonstrated.

Understanding the roles of splicing factors and splicing events during tumorigenesis would open new avenues for targeted therapies. Here we identify an oncofetal splicing factor, MBNL3, which promotes tumorigenesis and indicates poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. MBNL3 knockdown almost completely abolishes hepatocellular carcinoma tumorigenesis. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that MBNL3 induces lncRNA-PXN-AS1 exon 4 inclusion. The transcript lacking exon 4 binds to coding sequences of PXN mRNA, causes dissociation of translation elongation factors from PXN mRNA, and thereby inhibits PXN mRNA translation. In contrast, the transcript containing exon 4 preferentially binds to the 3' untranslated region of PXN mRNA, protects PXN mRNA from microRNA-24-AGO2 complex-induced degradation, and thereby increases PXN expression. Through inducing exon 4 inclusion, MBNL3 upregulates PXN, which mediates the pro-tumorigenic roles of MBNL3. Collectively, these data demonstrate detailed mechanistic links between an oncofetal splicing factor, a splicing event and tumorigenesis, and establish splicing factors and splicing events as potential therapeutic targets.

To compare the effects of a single-dose interscalene block and general anesthesia (SISB/GA) with the effects of GA only in the early postoperative period after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair by evaluating subjective pain visual analog scale scores and objective pain-related stress biomarkers.Patients refractory to conservative treatment of the affected shoulder were enrolled in this prospective, randomized endpoint study. Patients diagnosed with a rotator cuff tear (1-4 cm) based on magnetic resonance imaging were included. Exclusion criteria were small (1 cm) and massive (4 cm) rotator cuff tears. Thirty-one patients each were randomized into the SISB/GA and GA treatment groups. Preoperative pain scores were measured at 6:00 AM on the day of surgery, measured again at 1 and 6 hours postoperatively, and then every 6 hours until 3 days postoperatively. Blood sampling was performed to evaluate the stress biomarkers insulin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and fibrinogen preoperatively at 6:00 AM on the day of surgery and postoperatively at 18, 42, and 66 hours (6:00 AM on postoperative days 1-3).Pain scores were significantly decreased in the SISB/GA group (2.50 ± 0.94) versus the GA group (3.82 ± 1.31) on the day of surgery (P.001), and especially at 6 hours postoperatively (SISB/GA: 2.42 ± 1.43; GA: 4.23 ± 2.17; P.001). Insulin was decreased significantly in the SISB/GA group (10.55 ± 7.92 μU/mL) versus the GA group (20.39 ± 25.60 μU/mL) at 42 hours postoperatively (P = .048). There was no significant change in dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate or fibrinogen over time (P .05).After arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, an SISB effectively relieved pain on the day of surgery without any complications. In addition, insulin levels were significantly reduced at 42 hours postoperatively.Level I, prospective randomized controlled trial.

Shale gas fracturing flowback water (SGFFW) generated during shale gas extraction is of great concern and recycling for another fracking is the common disposal way. In this study, the feasibility of coagulation–UF hybrid process in assisting SGFFW reuse was systematically evaluated. Organics in SGFFW of Fuling were comparable with that reported in Marcellus. Poly aluminium chloride (PAC) dosage of 1500 mg/L may be preferred due to relatively low TOC (16.02 mg/L) and turbidity (3.03 NTU) in permeate and similar water flux (4.0×10−4 m/s) with that under the dosage of 2000 mg/L. With increase dosage of PAC, fouling mechanism changed from complete blocking to intermediate-blocking or cake standard. SEM-EDS indicated foulant was rich in carbon and oxygen with iron oxide and sulfate precipitates. According to volumetric integration method, overall rejection ratio for organics in different region in hybrid process decreased in the order of V (89.0%), IV 86.2%, III (80.3%), II (77.7%), I (55.2%) and VI (49.3%). LC-OCD illustrated coagulation mainly removed the organics with molecular weight of 20 kDa, while UF could remove a fraction of low molecular weight components (i.e., 200 Da). Fouling was reversible by backwashing and thus hybrid process without sedimentation can be potentially used for SGFFW treatment.

The gut microbiota of amphibians is affected by exogenous and endogenous factors. We performed a comprehensive analysis using high-throughput sequencing technology and functional predictions and observed general changes in the gut microbiota of frogs in different growth stages, seasons, and growth environments. There were no significant differences in microbial richness and diversity between juvenile and adult wild frogs, between the summer and autumn groups of captive frogs, or between wild and captive frogs. There were significant differences in the gut microbiota community structure of Rana dybowskii between the summer and autumn groups of captive frogs and between wild and captive R. dybowskii, whereas the differences between juvenile and adult wild frogs were not significant. The dominant gut bacterial phyla in frogs from both captive and wild environments included Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. Linear discriminant effect size (LEfSe) analysis showed that Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were significantly enriched in captive and wild R. dybowskii, respectively linear discriminant analysis (LDA > 4). The core operational taxonomical units (OTUs) that were found in >90% of all frogs tested encompassed 15 core OTUs. The captive frogs exhibited 15 core OTUs in addition to the above overall core microbiota, whereas the wild frogs exhibited 19 core OTUs in addition to the above overall core microbiota. Predictions made using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) suggested that eleven KEGG pathways, such as infectious diseases, immune system diseases, metabolism, metabolism of other amino acids, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides, neurodegenerative diseases, and transport and catabolism, were enriched in captive frogs. The relative abundance of several red-leg-syndrome-related pathogens increased significantly in captive frogs compared with that in wild frogs. To our knowledge, this is the first study on the effects of individual seasons and captivity on the gut microbiota of frogs.

To explore the method and effect of ultrasound-guided suprascapular nerve block combined with acupuncture in the treatment of calcified tendinitis of rotator cuff.From January 2015 to December 2017, total 30 patients with calcified tendinitis, including 23 cases of supraspinatus tendon, 5 cases of infraspinatus tendon and 2 cases of subscapular tendon, were treated with ultrasound-guided suprascapular nerve block combined with acupuncture. There were 7 males and 23 females, ranging in age from 36 to 71 years old, with an average of 51.6 years old. There were 17 cases on the right and 13 cases on the left. VAS pain score, Constant-murley score, UCLA score and X-ray examination were used to evaluate the clinical results before and after surgery.The mean follow-up was 14.3 months (6 to 30 months). The preoperative VAS score was 3.82±1.13, Constant-Murley score was 36.91±7.95 and UCLA score was 11.35±2.17. The final follow-up scores were 1.32±1.06, 90.61±2.89 and 33.22±1.51, respectively. The final follow-up scores were improved significantly(Conservative treatment of calcified rotator cuff tendinitis is ineffective. Suprascapular nerve block guided by ultrasound combined with acupuncture has a good therapeutic effect. It is a minimally invasive, economic, safe and effective method, which is worth promoting.

To evaluate the surgical technique and clinical effect of arthroscopic pullout suture repair of posterior root tear of the medial meniscus via the double tibial tunnels.From May 2014 to May 2017, 22 patients with posterior root tear of medial meniscus were treated by pullout suture repair via the double tibial tunnels, including 8 males and 14 females, aged 34 to 53 years old, with a mean of averaged(45.7±4.7) years old. The patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months, with a mean of (16.4±5.2) months.The Lysholm score of knee joint before operation was 61.8±4.3, IKDC score before operation was 59.9±2.9, Lysholm score at the latest follow-up was 89.1±3.0, and IKDC score was 89.0±2.5. The difference was statistically significant.Arthroscopic pullout suture repair via the double tibial tunnelsis an effective treatment for symptomatic posterior root tear of medial meniscus, and it can significantly improve the knee functional outcome.

Matrix application is a critical step in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) analysis. Here, we describe a low cost, small size, and portable ultrasonic spraying device for various matrix deposition that is ideal for applying to obtain micron-sized (about 1–15 μm) cocrystallisation. The ultrasonic spray method was systematically compared with mainstream matrix application approaches based on optimization experiments. In the approach, ethanol was used as the solvent, and the spray direction was perpendicular to the MALDI sample slide. Seven different matrices were compared and we found that 2-[(2E)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methylprop-2-enylidene] malononitrile (DCTB) is a more suitable matrix for the detection of triacylglycerol (TAGs) and phosphatidylcholines (PCs) than other matrices. The DCTB matrix solution with concentrations of 5 mg mL−1 was applied on the surfaces of corn sections through ultrasonic spraying. The corn sections were then analysed through MALDI-MS in positive ion mode. MALDI-MSI allowed the simultaneous detection of multiple lipids including 16 TAGs and PCs in corn. The results demonstrated that the ultrasonic spraying device enables the deposition of MALDI matrix solution and provides the advantages of homogeneous micron-sized matrix crystallisation and satisfactory reproducibility.

Steady-state magnetic field superconducting magnet power adopted double-inverse-star thyristor rectifier solutions, it is a typical non-linear load which will bring great reactive power impact and harmonic pollution at runtime. In this paper, according to the scheme of scientific facility chain-type high voltage active power filter (APF), a three-grade voltage balance control of capacitor method was proposed. Considering the non-linear characteristics of APF, we using fractional order PI controller instead of ordinary PI controller. The solution of fractional order calculus is realized based on the improved Oustaloup algorithm. Finally, the working effect of fractional order PI controller and ordinary PI controller are comparative analysis through simulation and experimental results, the results show that the DC voltage balance control strategy used in this paper is correct, and has a certain reference value.

The asymmetric hydrogenation of N-arylimines with the chiral phosphine-phosphoramidite ligand, (Sc,Sa)-PEAPhos 2b, has been developed. The results revealed that the presence of the substituents on the 3,3′-positions of the binaphthyl backbone significantly improved the enantioselectivity. The utility of this methodology was demonstrated in the synthesis of the chiral fungicide (R)-metalaxyl.

We conducted an investigation of Orientia tsutsugamushi infection among rodents in non-endemic areas in Anhui Province. Fifty-six (56) rodents including 44 Apodemus agrarius and 12 Niviventer niviventer were trapped and captured in autumn in the fields of three counties in Anhui Province. DNA samples were amplified and sequenced for the 56kDa protein gene of Orientia tsutsugamushi. The overall infection rate in the rodents was 23.2%(13/56). The rate of detection of O. tsutsugamushi in Apodemus agrarius and Niviventer niviventer were 27.3% and 8.3% respectively. Moreover, we identified two genotypes (Karp and Gilliam strains) of Orientia tsutsugamushi in rodents. Our study demonstrated that Apodemus agrarius is the main host for O. tsutsugamushi pathogen and this is the first report of Karp and Gilliam strains in these non-endemic areas in Anhui Province.

The power supply for the superconducting outsert of Steady High Magnetic Field Facility (SHMFF) in High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Chinese Academy of Sciences requires very high precision and high stability (10 ppm of 13kA). In this paper, a multiple controller has been developed which is in combination with analogue control in the voltage-loop and digital control (RST algorithm) in the current-loop. The system model and the detailed design and evaluation of the method are all presented. And the simulation and experimental results finally manifests that the output current can follow the reference perfectly (no lagging error, no overshoot), and its precision (

In this dissertation, a method is given to solve the problem of phase synchronization for active power filter (APF) which is used in superconducting magnet power supply (SMPS). Firstly, the characteristics of the SMPS are introduced and the technical difficulties which will influence the phase synchronization are pointed out. Secondly, in order to solve these difficulties, the synchronization design is based on zero-cross detection, Butterworth filter and phase compensation for practical purposes. Because the APF adopts DSP as the digital controller, the phase compensation can be easily achieved by software design. In the end, the experimental results of a prototype have verified the effectiveness of the proposed design and the APF can trace the frequency and phase of primary input voltage effectively.

Ethanol-based heat reflux extraction has been successfully applied in extracting isoflavone compounds from the dried root of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi. The different extraction factors including ethanol concentration, extraction temperature, extraction time, ratio of solid/liquid and number of extraction cycles has been studied on the influence of the extraction yield of isoflavone compounds. And the orthogonal experiment has been used to optimize the extracting conditions. A variety of indicators were employed to evaluate the extraction efficiency, including the yield of puerarin, daidzein and total isoflavone. The optimal extraction technology was as follows: extraction temperature 90°C, ratio of solid/liquid 1:6, ethanol concentration 90% and extraction 2 h. Under the optimal conditions extraction rates of puerarin, daidzein and total isoflavone were 37.51±0.64 mg/g, 2.63±0.03 mg/g and 117.4±0.89 mg/g. The study of this article can provide theoretical basis for large-scale production of puerarin, daidzein and total isoflavone.

Steady-state magnetic field Superconducting magnets power supply with double inverse star thyristor rectifier technology solutions, is a typical non-linear loads, will bring great reactive power impact and harmonic pollution at runtime. This paper according to the scheme of scientific facility chain type high voltage active power filter (APF), combined with the non-linear characteristics of the active filter system and proposed a current inner-loop decoupling method using fractional order PI controller instead of ordinary PI controller. Based on the improved Oustaloup algorithm, the solution of fractional order calculus is realized. Finally, the working effect of fractional order PI controller and ordinary PI controller are comparative analysis through simulation and experimental results, the results show that: fractional order current inner-loop PI controller used in this paper is correct, and has a certain reference value.

The power supply scheme for the superconducting outsert of Steady High Magnetic Field Facility (SHMFF) in High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Chinese Academy of Sciences is a switching power supply with active DC power filter. In this paper, a novel shunt liner active power filter (SLAPF) is designed to overcome the disadvantages of existing dc active filter schemes. The system structure and working principle are presented at first. Then the design flow is described, which includes the control method of the current compensator, the analysis of topology chosen for auxiliary power supply, At last, the experimental results show that the filtering effect of SLAPF is good enough to make the power supply meet the technical requirements.