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Supplementary Figure S1 shows association of PD-1+ and PD-1high B cells in tumor tissue with disease recurrence, plasma HBV DNA and cytokines in HCC patients, and surface markers on HCC B cells. Supplementary Figure S2 shows gating strategies for FACS, and the phenotypic and functional features of the B cell subsets. Supplementary Figure S3 expands data on factors that modulate PD-1 expression on B cells in HCC. Supplementary Figure S4 expands data on roles of Bcl-6 and STAT6 in B cell PD-1 regulation. Supplementary Figure S5 expands data on effects of PD-1 agonist on B cells. Supplementary Figure S6 expands data on effects of PD-1 triggering by PD-L1-expressing cells. Supplementary Figure S7 expands data on triggering PD-1 in B cells suppresses tumor-specific immunity. Supplementary Figure S8 shows graphical abstract for the results. Supplementary Figure S9 shows Isotype staining of FACS and immunohistochemistry (IHC) using clinical samples. Supplementary Figure S10 shows the negative expression of monocyte subset markers in tumor B cells.

Supplementary Table S2 shows characteristics of patients contributing samples. Supplementary Tables S3 - S5 list antibodies used in FACS, IHC, IF, and immunoblotting.

Flow Cytometry, ELISA, Construction of Viral Vectors, and PD-L1/PD-L2 Stable Cell Lines.

Supplementary Table S1 shows characteristics of patients contributing samples.

The subsea suspended manifold designed to replace the traditional foundation structure with the buoys is a new generation subsea production system that can be suspended at a certain height from the seafloor and rapidly recycled by its own buoyancy. Due to complex environmental conditions, its hydrodynamic performance in the splash zone is extremely important for the safety of the whole installation process. In this paper, the mathematical model for the dynamic analysis of the seawater ingress process of the single-layer pre-set horizontal cabin is proposed based on the different center of gravity positions of the buoy. Meanwhile, the theoretical analysis of fiber cable is divided into infinite differential units by the discretization method, and the formulae of the horizontal displacement of the subsea suspended manifold are presented. In addition, the simulations are carried out to verify the rules of the dynamic responses on the subsea suspended manifold system with the consideration of the environmental conditions in the South China Sea. Comparing with the calculated value of the mathematical model of the cabin water ingress, the error of the simulation result by use of FLUENT is about 5.47%. Furthermore, the wave height is greater than the current impact on the lowering manifold system and the azimuth angle of the installation vessel is aligned with the direction of the environmental load.

The variation of the morphology and distribution of cementite particles in different prior structures with spheroidizing annealing process has been proceeded in this paper. It is found that the dissolution and coarsening progresses of various initial structures in spheroidizing annealing process are quite asynchronous due to the different interlamellar spacing. The dissolution rate of degenerated pearlite (D-P) with finer interlamellar spacing is faster. The granular cementite in the spheroidized microstructure is fine, uniform and dense. The mean diameter of spherical cementite is refined to 233 nm. However, the initial structure of degenerated pearlite (D-P) is highly sensitive to the austenitization temperature. The cementite is easy to be coarsened under high austenitizing temperature. The coarsening is accompanied by the gradual increase of the Cr content in the cementite, which increases the stability of the cementite. Therefore, the optimal austenitizing temperature for degenerated pearlite (D-P) is suggested to be 770 °C. The dissolution rates of cementite in spheroidized structures are related to the initial pearlite interlamellar spacing and the austenitizing temperature. A detailed experimental research and analysis are needed on the evolution of different initial structures during spheroidizing annealing treatment.

The Luoboling Cu-Mo deposit, with 1.4 million tons (Mt) Cu and 0.11 Mt Mo, is the largest porphyry deposit in the Zijinshan district of southeast China. Mineralization at Luoboling is divided into premineralization, synmineralization, and late-mineralization stages. Consistent Cs/(Na + K) ratios in fluid inclusions suggest that the mineralizing fluids originated from a common source—the Luoboling granodiorite porphyry. The absence of initial supercritical fluid inclusions and abundant coexisting vapor and brine fluid inclusions imply that the fluids exsolved at low-pressure two-phase conditions, with temperatures of 250° to 600°C and salinities of 30 to 60 wt % NaCl equiv (brines) and

To research the effect of structural diversity on citrate-based coordination polymers (CPs), citric acid (H4cit) was selected to combine with Cu(ii) under hydrothermal conditions. A new CP [Cu2(cit)(H2O)2] (1) was synthesized and structurally characterized. The title complex shows a 3D 2,4,6-connected topology with the point symbol of {43·63}{44·66·85}{4}. Inspired by the decomposition and functional molybdenum component, 1 was used as a catalyst precursor to synthesize a carbon-based material (C-1) and a C@Mo material (C-Mo-1) by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method and characterized in detail. The selective removal of a contaminant (Congo red) by complex 1, C-1 and C-Mo-1 in the aqueous phase was also comparatively investigated.

The Yinyan porphyry tin deposit in western Guangdong is spatially associated with quartz porphyry and granite porphyry. LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb dating defined an emplacement age of 78.5 ± 0.4 Ma for the quartz porphyry and 79.2 ± 0.9 Ma for the granite porphyry. LA–ICP–MS cassiterite U–Pb dating yielded Tera–Wasserburg lower intercept ages of 78.5 ± 0.6, 78.6 ± 1.2, and 78.2 ± 0.7 Ma, for cassiterite from a cassiterite–sulfide vein, cassiterite–sulfide ore, and a cassiterite–topaz–quartz stringer, respectively. Re–Os dating of molybdenite from seven different veins yielded an isochron age of 77.0 ± 0.5 Ma. All these new age data are indistinguishable within analytical uncertainty and, therefore, indicate a genetic relationship between the Sn mineralization and the porphyry magmatism in the Yinyan deposit. The REE tetrad effect and very low Nb/Ta and Zr/Hf ratios indicate that the quartz porphyry and the granite porphyry are highly evolved. The U–Pb dated cassiterite is enriched in Fe, W, and U and in high field strength elements (HFSEs) such as Zr, Hf, Nb, and Ta. The high Fe, Nb, and Ta contents may be responsible for the dark luminescence of cassiterite in CL images. The Zr/Hf ratio of cassiterite may potentially be used to distinguish the mineralization type. Cassiterite from pegmatites has lower Zr/Hf ratios (~ 5–6) in comparison with granite/greisen-related (~ 9–30) cassiterite. Cassiterite from the early hydrothermal stage typically contains higher amounts of Ti, Nb, Ta, Zr, and Hf than that from the late hydrothermal stage. In combination with published geochronological data of other Sn–W deposits in the western Guangdong Province, two Sn–W metallogenic events at ca. 85 and 77–80 Ma have been identified. These two metallogenic events are part of a larger-scale 75–100 Ma Sn–W mineralization event in South China, which we suggest was probably related to the subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic plate.

Isothermal and non-isothermal pearlite transformations under 840°C warm-rolled and 950°C hot-rolled were researched. It was found that the pearlite nuclei at grain boundary and defects were increas...

Toxoplasma gondii is an incredibly successful parasite owing in part to its ability to persist within cells for the life of the host. Remarkably, at least 350 host species of T. gondii have been described to date, and it is estimated that 30% of the global human population is chronically infected. The importance of T. gondii in human health was made clear with the first reports of congenital toxoplasmosis in the 1940s. However, the AIDS crisis in the 1980s revealed the prevalence of chronic infection, as patients presented with reactivated chronic toxoplasmosis, underscoring the importance of an intact immune system for parasite control. In the last 40 years, there has been tremendous progress toward understanding the biology of T. gondii infection using rodent models, human cell experimental systems, and clinical data. However, there are still major holes in our understanding of T. gondii biology, including the genes controlling parasite development, the mechanisms of cell-intrinsic immunity to T. gondii in the brain and muscle, and the long-term effects of infection on host homeostasis. The need to better understand the biology of chronic infection is underscored by the recent rise in ocular disease associated with emerging haplotypes of T. gondii and our lack of effective treatments to sterilize chronic infection. This Review discusses the cell types and molecular mediators, both host and parasite, that facilitate persistent T. gondii infection. We highlight the consequences of chronic infection for tissue-specific pathology and identify open questions in this area of host-Toxoplasma interactions.

Spatially targeted optical microproteomics (STOMP) is a method to study region-specific protein complexity in primary cells and tissue samples. STOMP uses a confocal microscope to visualize structu...

In this study, the evolution of high-strength HSLA steel microstructure was studied using high-temperature laser confocal microscopy and SEM, TEM, and EPMA techniques. The effect of precipitates on grain boundary migration of austenite during high-temperature heating and the effect of inclusions in undercooled austenite on AF phase transformation were studied. The effect of multiphase microstructure on impact toughness was studied by Gleeble thermal simulation at 550, 600, and 650 °C. The results show that the austenite grain is refined by TiN pinning at high temperatures, and a large number of NbC and VCN are precipitated in ferrite for precipitation strengthening. The (Ti-Mn-O) + (Al + Si + Mn-O) + MnS composite inclusions with smaller sizes have a greater promoting effect on the nucleation of acicular ferrite than single-phase MnS. With a decrease in isothermal temperature, the content of acicular ferrite increases. When the isothermal temperature is 550 °C, an increase in the maximum impact toughness of acicular ferrite with large-angle grain boundary is clearly observable.

Alternative oxidase (AOX) has a well-established involvement in plant growth and stress tolerance in many studies. In this study, we isolated and characterized the AOX2 from Cerasus humilis. The ChAOX2 Open Reading Frame (ORF) contains 1029 nucleotides and encodes 342 amino acid residues. The inferred amino acid sequence of ChAOX2 shared the highest sequence similarity with a homolog from Prunus yedoensis. The ChAOX2 transcripts were relatively abundant in the old leaves and significantly up-regulated by salt stress. Subcellular localization analysis showed that ChAOX2 was located in the mitochondria. We transformed ChAOX2 into wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana and found that compared with wild-type and aox mutant lines, heterotopic expression of ChAOX2 increased proline content, and peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, while decreasing relative conductivity and the reactive oxygen species level. Further, the ratio of alternate respiration to the total respiration in plants that overexpressed ChAOX2 was significantly higher than that in wild-type and mutant plants under salt stress. These results indicate that ChAOX2 plays a key role in salt tolerance.

Okadaic acid (OA), a potent polyether marine toxin, accumulates in the digestive glands of marine mollusks and therefore can severely threaten the health of humans after ingestion of contaminated shellfish. In vivo and in vitro studies have revealed that exposure of various cells, including human embryonic amniotic cells, hepatocytes, neuroblastoma cells, to OA induces morphological and functional modifications as well as the death of cells. As the number of reports on OA poisoning has increased, this toxin has gradually attracted the public's attention, and researchers are trying to study it. This review summarizes the current literature on the toxicity effects of OA, in addition to its detection and detoxification.

This work focuses on the vibration and acoustic radiation of a finite circular cylindrical shell, which is partially covered with circumferentially laid compliant layers and immersed in an infinite heavy fluid medium. The finite elastic shell is simply supported and extended by two semi-infinite rigid baffles. The motion of the shell is governed by Donnell’s equation and the sound field in the exterior fluid medium satisfies Helmholtz’s equation. The compliant layers are modeled using the locally reacting model with the thickness and mass effect of the layer being ignored. The fluid loading is calculated by using a recently developed FFT-based algorithm which can greatly reduce the time cost of computation. Combining the equations of motion of the shell, the four-pole parameters of the compliant layer, and the fluid loading coefficients, an analytical formulation is theoretically established for the shell-coating-fluid system. Solution to this coupling system is obtained by solving a set of algebraic equations. The convergence and effectiveness of the solution is examined. Effects of the stiffness and the coating area ratio of the layers are discussed. Moreover, the present results are compared with those for the longitudinally covered shell. It is found that the axisymmetry of the coatings has an effect on the radiated power of the partially covered shell. A comparison between the analytical results and the numerical results calculated by the in-house codes is also included.

In this study, the pollution characteristics, photochemical effects, and sources of atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the urban areas of Wuhu were investigated from September 2018 to August 2019. The results showed that the annual average mixing ratio of ambient VOCs in Wuhu was 27.86×10

Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is one of the most deadly malignancies. Although immunotherapies showed the potential to improve the prognosis for metastatic melanoma patients, only a small group of patients can benefit from it. Therefore, it is urgent to investigate the tumor microenvironment in melanoma as well as to identify efficient biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatments of SKCM patients. A comprehensive analysis was performed based on metastatic melanoma samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and ESTIMATE algorithm, including gene expression, immune and stromal scores, prognostic immune-related genes, infiltrating immune cells analysis and immune subtype identification. Then, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained based on the immune and stromal scores, and a list of prognostic immune-related genes was identified. Functional analysis and the protein–protein interaction network revealed that these genes enriched in multiple immune-related biological processes. Furthermore, prognostic genes were verified in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases and used to predict immune infiltrating cells component. Our study revealed seven immune subtypes with different risk values and identified T cells as the most abundant cells in the immune microenvironment and closely associated with prognostic outcomes. In conclusion, the present study thoroughly analyzed the tumor microenvironment and identified prognostic immune-related biomarkers for metastatic melanoma.

To study the vibration isolation mechanism of row piles exposed to vibrations generated at a single point, a finite element model of a foundation using infinite element boundaries is established based on the theory of an elastic half-space body. The model included a single-point vibration source in the free field and piles arranged in a row, and corresponding contour maps of the amplitude dissipation ratio (Ar) were drawn. The results show that the vibration waves radiate out from the excitation point and that their acceleration amplitude decays continuously. The overall vibration isolation progressively improves as the number of piles and the row depth increase. However, the degree of improvement in the isolation effect decreases with increasing depth. If the spacing between row piles is too large, the vibration isolation effect of the row piles will be unsatisfactory. However, reducing the row spacing does not necessarily improve the vibration isolation effect of row piles. Compared with a hollow pile, a solid pile has a better vibration isolation effect, but the difference is not significant. Additionally, the vibration isolation effect of a circular pile is worse than that of a square pile. As the distance between the vibration source and the row piles decreases, the isolation effect becomes more pronounced, but the difference is not pronounced. Furthermore, the isolation effect of row piles is better for low-frequency vibrations than for intermediate- and high-frequency vibrations.

Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is known as an aggressive malignant cancer; some of which are directly derived from melanocytic nevi, which have been attracting growing attention from the last decades. This study focused on comprehensive identification, validation, and functional annotations of prognostic differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between melanocytic nevus and malignant melanoma in genome-wide profiles. DEGs were obtained using three chip datasets from GEO database to identify after standardization annotation. A total of 73 DEGs were identified as possible candidate prognostic biomarkers between melanocytic nevus and malignant melanoma. In addition, survival curves indicated that six hub genes, including FABP5, IVL, KRT6A, KRT15, KRT16, and TIMP2, were significant prognostic signatures for CM and of significant value to predict transformation from nevi to melanoma. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry staining was performed to validate differential expression levels and prognostic implications of six hub genes between CM tissue and nevus tissues from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University cohort. It suggested that significantly elevated FABP5, IVL, KRT6A, KRT15, KRT16, and TIMP2 proteins expressed in the CM than in the nevus tissues. Functional enrichment and significant pathways of the six significant hub genes indicated that the mostly involved hallmarks include the P53 pathway, K-ras signaling, estrogen response late, and estrogen response early. In summary, this study identified significant DEGs participating in the process of malignant transformation from nevus to melanoma tissues based on comprehensive genomic profiles. Transcription profiles of FABP5, IVL, KRT6A, KRT15, KRT16, and TIMP2 provided clues of prognostic implications, which might help us evaluate malignant potential of nevus and underlying carcinogenesis progress from melanocytic nevus to melanoma.

The Yuanzhuding porphyry Cu-Mo deposit, located in the southern section of the Qinzhou-Hangzhou belt, is characterized by successive generations of quartz-bearing veins with complicated crosscutting relationships. Multiple analytical methods have been applied to different mica types and quartz-bearing veins to reveal the evolution history of the Yuanzhuding porphyry system. Four types of micas have been identified in the Yuanzhuding porphyry Cu-Mo deposit, including magmatic biotite (Bt-I), metamorphic biotite (Bt-II), hydrothermal biotite (Bt-III), and hydrothermal sericite (Ser), based on detailed petrological observations. All three types of biotite belong to the Mg-biotite group but can be compositionally distinguished, whereas Ser lies in the transition zone between Li-phengite and Li-muscovite. Generally decreasing crystallization temperatures with increasing distances from the center of the porphyry have been revealed in Bt-II and Bt-III based on their compositional variations, documenting the outward cooling trends of the Yuanzhuding porphyry system. Early quartz-bearing veins with potassic alteration are characterized by granular quartz with homogeneous CL textures, in combination with their wavy vein walls which indicate the host rock was ductile during vein formation, we infer that they were formed under dominantly lithostatic pressure. Late quartz-bearing veins with sericitic alteration are typically euhedral quartz with growth zones of oscillating CL intensity, and they are inferred to be formed under dominantly hydrostatic pressure. Intersection of fluid inclusion isochores with Ti-in-quartz isopleths revealed that early quartz veins with potassic alteration located close to the ore-forming porphyry were formed at up to ∼575 °C. Late quartz veins with sericitic alteration were formed at ∼310 °C. Formation depth of the Yuanzhuding porphyry deposit is inferred to be ∼5.3 km. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of Bt-III and quartz indicate that the ore-forming fluid was mainly magmatic fluid. The fluid pressure was high enough to remain stable in single phase through the entire fluid evolution history. All fluid inclusions are vapor-liquid inclusions. The fluid salinity and the Cl fugacity remained constantly low, which may have limited the efficiency of Cu extraction and transportation. The hornfels host significant amounts of Bt-II and may have served as a reservoir of ferrous iron to reduce the oxidized ore-forming fluid and generate reduced sulfur. Effective metal precipitation occurred in the Yuanzhuding porphyry system owing to the coexistence of the generation of reduced S2- and the drop of metal solubility caused by the decrease of fluid temperature.

Purpose: Adenomyosis is a relatively common disease among women of childbearing age. A minimally invasive alternative technique with low risks, faster recovery and decreased side effects is desired. We hypothesized that percutaneous microwave ablation (PMWA) under laparoscopic guidance would substantially reduce the risk of collateral thermal damage to the intestinal tract and relieve the pelvic adhesions. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of transvaginal ultrasound- and laparoscopy-guided PMWA for the treatment of adenomyosis. Materials and methods: From May 2015 to October 2017, a total of 70 patients with symptomatic adenomyosis who underwent transvaginal ultrasound- and laparoscopy-guided PMWA were included in this study. The technical efficacy and complications of PMWA were assessed. Meanwhile, the uterine volume, lesion volume, symptom severity score (SSS) and visual analog scale (VAS) score before PMWA and at 1, 6 and 12 months after PMWA were recorded. Results: PMWA was successfully performed with transvaginal ultrasound guidance and laparoscope assistance in all patients. No major complication was found after PMWA in any patients. The uterine volume, lesion volume, SSS and VAS were all decreased significantly at follow-up (p

Two new tetranuclear gadolinium clusters, [Gd4(μ3-OH)2(L1)6(beac)4] (1) and [Gd4(μ3-OH)2(L2)6(tmhd)4] (2) (HL1 = 5-(3-chlorobenzylidene)-8-hydroxylquinoline, HL2 = 5-(2-thenylidene)-8-hydroxylquinoline, beac = 1-benzoylaceton, tmhd = 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione), have been synthesized, then structurally and magnetically characterized. The X-ray structural analysis showed that both clusters 1 and 2 contain one Gd4 center with a rhombus-shaped arrangement, and all of the Gd(III) ions are located in a distorted square-antiprismatic coordination sphere. Magnetic property measurements indicate that 1 and 2 show magnetic refrigeration with −ΔSm = 20.43 J kg−1 K−1 for ΔH = 7 T at 2.0 K for 1 and −ΔSm = 19.94 J kg−1 K−1 for ΔH = 7 T at 2.5 K for 2.

Three new phenoxo-O-bridged dinuclear lanthanide(III) compounds, [Dy(bfa)2L1]2 (1), [Gd(hfac)3L2]2·C6H14 (2) and [Tb(hfac)3L2]2 (3) (bfa = benzoyltrifluoroacetone, hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate, HL1 = 2-[(3,4-dimethylaniline)-imino]methyl]−8-hydroxyquinoline and HL2 = 5-(2-thenylidene)-8-hydroxylquinoline), have been synthesized, then structurally and magnetically characterized. The X-ray structural analysis shows that 1–3 are phenoxo-O-bridged dinuclear compounds and the central eight-coordinated Ln(III) ions are in a slightly distorted dodecahedral geometry. Magnetic measurements indicated that slow magnetic relaxation behaviors were observed in 1 with an energy barrier (ΔE/kB) of 52.21 K and τ0 = 1.75 × 10−7 s; compound 2, however, exhibited magnetic refrigeration with −ΔSm = 15.06 J kg−1 K−1 for ΔH = 7.0 T at 2.0 K.

A series of lanthanide based dinuclear compounds, namely, [Ln(bfa)2L]2 (Ln = Gd (1), Tb (2), and Dy (3), bfa = benzoyltrifluoroacetone and HL = 2-[5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-imino]methyl]-8-hydroxyquinoline), were synthesized by employing a multidentate 8-hydroxyquinoline Schiff base derivative ligands (HL) and a bidentate β-diketonate coligand (bfa). The elemental analysis (EA), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), single-crystal X-ray diffraction and magnetic properties of the three Ln2 compounds were completely characterized. Structures of 1–3 are similar to each other with a parallelogram Ln2O2 core. Magnetic properties study indicates that 1 exhibits antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between two nearby GdIII centers and shows magnetic refrigeration (−ΔSm = 17.78 J kg−1 K−1 for ΔH = 7 T at 2.0 K). Ac magnetic susceptibility measurements of 3 demonstrate that slow relaxation behavior is observed in 3, with effective energy barrier Ueff = 24.3 K and pre-exponential factor τ0 = 1.71 × 10−6 s.

In this paper, a new class of novel sulfonamides incorporating aminosaccharide tails were designed and synthesized based on the sugar-tail approach. Then, all the novel compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against three carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoenzymes (hCA I, hCA II and hCA IX). Interestingly, effective inhibition of these three CA isoforms were observed, especially the glaucoma associated isoform hCA II. It is worth noting that these glycoconjugated sulfonamide derivatives also showed better CA inhibitory effects compared to the initial segment carzenide. Among them, compound 8d was the most effective inhibitor with IC50 of 60 nM against hCA II. Subsequent physicochemical properties studies showed that all compounds have good water solubility and neutral pH values in solutions. And these important physicochemical properties make target compounds acquire obvious advantages in the preparation of topical and nonirritating antiglaucoma drugs. Moreover, the target compounds showed lower corneal cytotoxicity than acetazolamide (AAZ) and good metabolic stability in vitro. In addition, molecular docking studies confirmed the interactions between aminosaccharide fragment and hydrophilic subpocket of hCA II active site were crucial for the enhanced CA inhibitory activity. Taken together, these results suggested 8d would be a promising lead compound for the development of topical antiglaucoma CAIs.

Background: Reported studies have shown that expression levels of microRNAs (miRNAs) are related to survival time of patients with heart failure (HF). A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to study circulating miRNAs expression and patient outcome. Methods: Meta-analysis estimating expression levels of circulating miRNAs in HF patients from January 2010 until June 30, 2018, through conducting online searches in Pub Med, Cochrane Database of Systematic, EMBASE and Web of Science and reviewed by 2 independent researchers. Using pooled hazard ratio with a 95% confidence interval to assess the correlation between miRNAs expression levels and overall survival. Results: Four relevant articles assessing 19 circulating miRNAs in 867 patients were included. In conclusion, the meta-analysis results suggest that HF patients with low expression of serum miR-1, miR-423-5p, miR-126, miR-21, miR-23, miR-30d, miR-18a-5p, miR-16-5p, miR-18b-5p, miR-27a-3p, miR-26b-5p, miR-30e-5p, miR-106a-5p, miR-233-3P, miR-301a-3p, miR-423-3P, and miR-128 have significantly worse overall survival (P

Eutrophication promotes massive cyanobacteria blooms (CBBs), leading to the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). To investigate the effects of cyanobacteria on VOC emissions, field campaigns were carried out in eutrophic Chaohu Lake at six sites with different microalgae densities during CBBs in summer 2019, and incubation experiments were performed in the laboratory. The results showed that the lake water was the primary source of VOCs at six sampling sites in Chaohu Lake during CBBs, with an average total VOC flux of 81.2 ± 20.6 μg m−2 h−1. Alkanes were the most abundantly emitted VOCs, with a share of 23.1–63.7% of total emitted VOCs, followed by aromatics (16.6–46.3%). The fluxes of total VOCs were significantly greater at sites B and/or C than at site A in July, and at site B′ and/or C′ than at site A’ in August in Chaohu Lake. The fluxes of total VOCs from living and decayed cyanobacteria in the experimental treatments were two orders of magnitude higher than the corresponding values in the control treatments in the laboratory incubation. Taken together, these results suggested that CBBs potentially enhanced VOC emissions from the eutrophic lake, and that cyanobacteria acted as an important source of VOCs. Additionally, non-methane hydrocarbons (i.e., alkanes, alkenes, and aromatics) predominated among the released VOCs during the stabilization and senescence stages, while oxygenated volatile organic compounds (i.e. alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, and furans) prevailed during the apoptosis stage and aromatics and volatile organic sulfur compounds predominated during the decomposition stage, suggesting that VOC emissions varied markedly at different life stages.

In search of simple approaches to rationally modulate the single-molecule magnet behaviour in polynuclear lanthanide compound, a new system containing two structurally closely related dinuclear dysprosium complexes, namely [Dy2(hfac)4L2] (1) and [Dy2(hfac)4L′2] (2) (hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate, HL = 2-[4-methylaniline-imino]methyl]−8-hydroxyquinoline and HL’ = 2-[(3,4-dimethylaniline)-imino]methyl]−8-hydroxyquinoline), are successfully synthesized and the structure-dependent magnetic properties are investigated. The two Dy2 compounds display only slight variations in the coordination geometries of the center Dy(III) ion but display remarkably different single-molecule magnet behaviors with the anisotropic barriers (ΔE/kB) of 9.91 K for 1 and 20.57 K for 2. The different magnetic relaxation behaviors of the two Dy2 complexes mainly originate from the different chemical environments of the central DyIII ions.

The reasonable evaluation of the enterprise energy efficiency is an important work in order to reduce the energy consumption. In this paper, an effective energy efficiency evaluation index system is proposed based on DPSR (Driving forces-Pressure-State-Response) with the consideration of the actual situation of enterprises. This index system which covers multi-dimensional indexes of the enterprise energy efficiency can reveal the complete causal chain which includes the "driver forces" and "pressure" of the enterprise energy efficiency "state" caused by the internal and external environment, and the ultimate enterprise energy-saving "response" measures. Furthermore, the ANP (Analytic Network Process) and cloud model are used to calculate the weight of each index and evaluate the energy efficiency level. The analysis of BL Company verifies the feasibility of this index system and also provides an effective way to improve the energy efficiency at last.

Spatially Targeted Optical Micro Proteomics (STOMP) is a method to study region-specific protein complexity of a biological specimen. STOMP uses a confocal microscope to both visualize structures of interest and to tag the proteins within those structures by a photo-driven crosslinking reaction so that they can be affinity purified and identified by mass spectrometry1. STOMP has the potential to perform discovery proteomics on sub-cellular structures in a wide range of primary cells types and biopsy-scale tissue samples. However, two significant limitations have prevented the broad adoption of this technique by the scientific community. First, STOMP is performed across two software platforms written in different languages, which requires user operation at each field of view. Up to 48 hours of microscope time is necessary to tag sufficient protein (∼1 μg) for mass spectrometry making STOMP prohibitively time and labor-consuming for many researchers. Second, the original STOMP protocol uses a custom photo-crosslinker that limits the accessibility of the technique for some user. To liberate the user, we developed a protocol that automates communication between Zeiss Zen Black imaging software and FIJI image processing software using a customizable code in SikuliX. To fully automate STOMP (autoSTOMP), this protocol includes a tool to make tile array, autofocus and capture images of fields of view across the sample; as well as a method to modify the file that guides photo-tagging so that subsets of the structures of interest can be targeted. To make this protocol broadly accessible, we implemented a commercially available biotin-benzophenone crosslinker as well as a procedure to block endogenous biotin and purify tagged proteins using magnetic streptavidin beads. Here we demonstrate that autoSTOMP can efficiently label, purify and identify proteins that belong to structures measuring 1-2 μm in diameter using human foreskin fibroblasts or mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells infected with the protozoan parasiteToxoplasma gondii(Tg). The autoSTOMP platform can easily be adapted to address a range of research questions using Zeiss Zen Black microscopy systems and LC-MS protocols that are standard in many institutional research cores.

The concepts of ability, practice ability, and professional practice ability were analyzed using a theoretical research method. Based on the results of the analysis, the concept of clinical practice ability for Master Degree of Nursing (specialty) students was defined, and the characteristics were interpreted to provide references for future in-depth studies.