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This paper presents three devices of biosensors for glucose concentrations. A resonator based on the defected ground structure (DGS) was designed and the optimizations for the single square and both squares of the DGS via adaptive genetic algorithm were applied to enhance the performance of the sensors including the Q‐factor and the electric field distribution. The fabricated devices of the best optimized one exhibited an enhanced Q‐factor of 442 and a sensitivity of 142.2 MHz/mgml−1, which is more than 2.37 times than the basic structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents two devices to detect the liquid dielectric characterization. The differential method was used to enhance the robustness and reduce tolerance. A basic sensor based on defected ground structure (DGS) was designed and the optimization for the squares of the DGS via adaptive genetic algorithm was applied to enhance the performance of the microwave sensor, which was shown by the difference of the two resonant frequencies. Furthermore, the electric field distribution was enhanced. Glass microcapillary tubes were used to hold samples to provide an environment of non-invasive. The optimized device exhibited the sensitivity of 0.076, which is more than 1.52 times than the basic structure. It could be considered a sensitive and robust sensor with quick response time for liquid dielectric characterization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an ultra-wideband and highly miniaturized dual-mode Wilkinson power divider fabricated using thin film integrated passive device (TFIPD) technology for GSM band (0.9 GHz). The four quarter-wavelength lines of conventional two-section Wilkinson power divider are replaced with π-type transformer. In addition, a RC filter is introduced at the input port to minimize the return loss. The presented power divider prototype is micro-fabricated on a gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrate through TFIPD technology to reduce overall structure size and minimize overall parasitic losses. The fabricated power divider exhibits compact size at central frequency of 0.9 GHz with an ultra-wideband working bandwidth. To the best of authors' knowledge, the designed power divider is approximately 8 times smaller than the previously reported power dividers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]