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Objective To examine changes in red-light running and distracted riding among motorcyclists and cyclists before and after the 2020 implementation of the One Helmet, One Seatbelt campaign in China. Methods We obtained 192 hours of film before (2019) and after (2021) implementation of the campaign in eight road intersections in Changsha. We calculated percentages and ratios of red-light running and distracted riding. To assess the associations between these traffic behaviours and the campaign, we used multivariable logistic regression models to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aOR). Findings We filmed 5256 motorcyclists and cyclists in 2019 and 6269 in 2021. Red-light running decreased from 45.1% to 41.5% during this period (ratio: 0.92; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.88-0.96), while distracted riding increased from 3.5% to 5.0% (ratio: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.19-1.69). After adjusting for covariates, male riders were more likely to run a red light compared to female riders (aOR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.06-1.55). Red-light running was also more likely among electric bicycle riders (aOR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.10-1.95) and motorcyclists (aOR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.13-1.90) compared to traditional cyclists. All types of riders were less prone to run a red light during peak hours than off-peak hours (aOR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.73-0.99). Distracted riding was more common on weekends compared to weekdays (aOR: 3.01; 95% CI: 2.02-4.49). Conclusion China's national road safety campaign, which focuses on helmet and seatbelt use, was associated with reduced red-light running. Strict enforcement and targeted modifications could improve the campaign's effectiveness. Objectif Etudier les changements en matiere de franchissement des feux rouges et de distraction chez les motocyclistes et cyclistes avant et apres la mise en reuvre, en 2020, de la campagne <> (Un casque, une ceinture) en Chine. Methodes Nous nous sommes procure 192 heures de video filmees a huit carrefours routiers a Changsha avant (2019) et apres (2021) la mise en reuvre de la campagne. Nous avons ensuite calcule les pourcentages et ratios de franchissement des feux rouges et de cyclistes ou motocyclistes distraits. Pour determiner le lien entre ces comportements de conduite et la campagne, nous avons employe des modeles de regression logistique multivariee nous permettant de calculer les odds ratios ajustes (ORA). Resultats En 2019, 5256 motocyclistes et cyclistes ont ete filmes, contre 6269 en 2021. Le franchissement des feux rouges a diminue, passant de 45,1% a 41,5% durant cette periode (ratio: 0,92; intervalle de confiance de 95%, IC: 0,88-0,96), tandis que la distraction a augmente, passant de 3,5% a 5,0% (ratio: 1,42; IC de 95%: 1,19-1,69). Apres avoir pris en compte les covariables, les conducteurs etaient davantage susceptibles de franchir un feu rouge que les conductrices (ORA: 1,28; IC de 95%: 1,06-1,55). Ce franchissement etait egalement plus frequent chez les velos electriques (ORA: 1,46; IC de 95%: 1,10-1,95) et les motocyclistes (ORA: 1,47; IC de 95%: 1,13-1,90) que chez les cyclistes traditionnels. Tous les types de deux-roues etaient moins enclins a franchir un feu rouge pendant les heures de pointe que pendant les heures creuses (ORA: 0,85; IC de 95%: 0,73-0,99). Enfin, les cyclistes ou motocyclistes distraits etaient plus nombreux le week-end que la semaine (ORA: 3,01; IC de 95%: 2,02-4,49). Conclusion La campagne nationale de securite routiere en Chine, axee sur le port du casque et de la ceinture de securite, a entraine une baisse du nombre de franchissements des feux rouges. Une application stricte des regles ainsi que des modifications ciblees pourraient ameliorer l'efficacite de cette campagne. Objetivo Examinar los cambios en la conduccion distraida y el cruce de semaforos en rojo entre motociclistas y ciclistas antes y despues de la implementacion en 2020 de la campana <> en China. Metodos Se obtuvieron 192 horas de grabacion antes (2019) y despues (2021) de la implementacion de la campana en ocho intersecciones viales de Changsha. Se calcularon los porcentajes y las razones de saltarse semaforos en rojo y de conduccion distraida. Para evaluar las asociaciones entre estos comportamientos de trafico y la campana, se utilizaron modelos de regresion logistica multivariable para calcular las razones de probabilidades ajustadas (aOR). Resultados Se filmaron 5256 motociclistas y ciclistas en 2019 y 6269 en 2021. Saltarse los semaforos en rojo disminuyo del 45,1% al 41,5% durante este periodo (razon: 0,92; intervalo de confianza del 95%, IC: 0,88-0,96), mientras que la conduccion distraida aumento del 3,5% al 5,0% (razon: 1,42; IC del 95%: 1,19-1,69). Tras ajustar por covariables, los conductores varones tenian mas probabilidades de saltarse un semaforo en rojo que las conductoras (aOR: 1,28; IC del 95%: 1,06-1,55). Ademas, los conductores de bicicletas electricas (aOR: 1,46; IC del 95%: 1,10-1,95) y motociclistas (aOR: 1,47; IC del 95%: 1,13-1,90) eran mas propensos a saltarse semaforos en rojo que los ciclistas tradicionales. Todos los tipos de conductores eran menos propensos a saltarse un semaforo en rojo durante las horas de maxima afluencia que fuera de ellas (aOR: 0,85; IC del 95%: 0,73-0,99). La conduccion distraida fue mas frecuente los fines de semana que entre semana (aOR: 3,01; IC del 95%: 2,02-4,49). Conclusion La campana nacional de seguridad vial de China, centrada en el uso del casco y el cinturon de seguridad, se asocio a una reduccion de los conductores que se saltan los semaforos en rojo. Una aplicacion estricta y modificaciones especificas podrian mejorar la eficiencia de la campana., Introduction Road traffic injuries among motorcyclists and cyclists are a public health concern. In 2019, road traffic crashes killed 237 533 motorcyclists and 66 102 cyclists worldwide. (1) In the [...]

Objective: To analyze the epidemic characteristics and to explore the spatial-temporal clusters of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Changsha from 2013 to 2016.
 Methods: Descriptive analysis and space-time permutation scan statistic were used to analyze the reported PTB cases in Changsha from 2013 to 2016.
 Results: Between 2013 and 2016, a total of 17 721 PTB cases were reported in Changsha, with annual reported incidence rate at 60.87 per 100 000 population. Males and individuals aged 15 to <60 years accounted for higher proportion of PTB cases compared to females and other age groups. The number of reported PTB cases reached peak from March to May in each year. The space-time permutation scan statistic identified one most likely cluster and two secondary clusters of PTB cases. The most likely cluster covered most areas of Liuyang City and the North-east part of Changsha County from October 1, 2013 to February 28, 2014. The first cluster occupied 12 towns (streets) in Kaifu District and Changsha County in December 2016. The second cluster included four towns (streets) in Yuhua District and Tianxin District from March 1 to September 30, in 2013.
 Conclusion: Between 2013 and 2016, significant space-time clusters of PTB cases were identified in Changsha. These findings could provide a guide for development of regional intervention strategies for PTB control.