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This study compared the effects of enzyme extraction (E‐DF), enzyme‐acid extraction (EAc‐DF), enzyme‐alkaline extraction (EAl‐DF), ultrasonic‐enzyme extraction (EU‐DF), and microwave‐enzyme extraction (EM‐DF) on the yield, chemical composition, structural characteristics, physicochemical properties, physiological activities, and hypoglycemic activities of dietary fiber (DF) from Chinese chestnut. EAl‐DF had the highest yield (25.44 ± 0.70%) among all five extraction methods. The structural analysis indicated that other extracts, particularly EAl‐DF, had a more complex and porous structure than E‐DF. Analysis of monosaccharide composition showed that the main sugars in Chinese chestnut DF included Ara, Gal, Glc, and Man. Notably, EAl‐DF exhibited the highest water and oil retention ability and hypoglycemic activity. The DFs extracted by five methods can resist digestion in the digestive tract. These results indicate that enzymatic‐alkaline method is a high‐quality method for extracting DF from Chinese chestnut. And this study provides a theoretical basis for the efficient preparation and development of Chinese chestnut DF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum physics has some unique properties, such as quantum entanglement and quantum superposition. Encryption algorithms designed based on quantum physical properties usually have higher security than classical computing. Applying quantum cryptography to data retrieval can realize cloud database encryption of quantum information. We propose a cloud ciphertext retrieval scheme, which combines quantum encryption and quantum search algorithm to ensure the privacy of data while the server completes information retrieval. In this scheme, the data are stored in the form of qubits string and placed in the quantum superposition state. We establish the mapping relationship between classical information and quantum states. Our scheme solves the problem of a large amount of computing and lack of sufficient computing resources at the client, assigns computing tasks to servers with sufficient resources, and ensures the security of information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the power performance of electric vehicles continues to improve, the human body may be exposed to electromagnetic threats in the cabin. This study tested an electric vehicle to analyze the low-frequency magnetic field distribution in the cabin and to assess the safety of human low-frequency magnetic field exposure. A simulation analysis of human electromagnetic exposure was carried out to obtain the magnetic flux density, induced electric field strength and induced current density, and the test results were much lower than the limits specified in GB8702-2014 and the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection, and the relative error between the simulation results and the test results was <15%. This paper investigates the frequency, driving current, vehicle body material and cable layout to explore the law of human body induced electromagnetic field changing with power cable current, and provides theoretical reference for the design of human body low-frequency magnetic field protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digestion, absorption, and utilization of sialic acid (SA) in the ready-to-eat peptide-containing and the traditional stewed edible bird's nest products were compared. Male SD rats aged 8 weeks (n=32) were divided into four groups randomly, including blank control group (BC), peptide-containing edible bird's nest group (PB), traditional edible bird's nest group (TB), and sialic acid standard control group (SC). After oral gavage, the feces and urine were collected over 2 days to evaluate the absorption and retention of SA by calculating its digestion and absorption rates. Blood was collected intermittently during 60-day consecutive gavage to monitor the content alteration of the free and protein-bound SA in plasma and the erythrocyte membrane-bound SA, and the degree of sialyation was adopted to evaluate exogenous SA utilization. The results of the 2-day feces and urine monitoring did not reveal any significant statistical differences in SA digestion and absorption among all groups. The results of 60-day consecutive gavage revealed that the free SA concentration (P<0.005) and protein-bound SA content (P<0.005) in plasma and the erythrocyte membrane-bound SA content (P<0.001) were significantly higher in each intervention group compared to the BC group. After 10 days of intervention, the protein-bound SA content in the PB group was 36.36% higher than that in the BC group (P<0.05), and the erythrocyte membrane-bound SA in the PB group increased by 28.13% and 13.89% compared to the TB and SC groups (P<0.05), respectively. In conclusion, the sialylation of blood can reflect exogenous SA utilization and peptides can promote the utilization of SA. Long-term consumption of all types of edible bird's nests can effectively improve the sialylation level of the body, surpassing the benefits derived from the intake of free SA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was designed to establish the composition of wound dressing based on poly(2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate)‐chitosan (PHEM‐CS) hydrogels‐loaded cerium oxide nanoparticle (CeONPs) composites for cutaneous wound healing on nursing care of the chronic wound. The as‐synthesised PHEM‐CS/CeONPs hydrogels nanocomposites were characterised by using UV–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and thermo gravimetric analysis. The influence of PHEM‐CS/CeONPs hydrogels nanocomposites on the gelation time, swelling ratio, in vitro degradation, and mechanical properties was investigated. The as‐prepared PHEM‐CS/CeONPs hydrogels nanocomposites dressing shows high antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Similar trends were observed for the treatment of biofilms where PHEM‐CS/CeONPs hydrogels nanocomposites displayed better efficiency. Furthermore, the biological properties of PHEM‐CS/CeONPs hydrogels nanocomposites had non‐toxic in cell viability and excellent cell adhesion behaviour. After 2 weeks, the wounds treated with the PHEM‐CS/CeONPs hydrogels nanocomposite wound dressing achieved a significant closure to 98.5 ± 4.95% compared with the PHEM‐CS hydrogels with nearly 71 ± 3.55% of wound closure. Hence, this study strongly supports the possibility of using this novel PHEM‐CS/CeONPs hydrogels nanocomposites wound dressing for efficient cutaneous wound healing on chronic wound infection and nursing care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cholangiocytes play a crucial role in bile formation. Cholangiocyte injury causes cholestasis, including primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). However, the etiology of PBC remains unclear despite being characterized as an autoimmune disease. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), fluorescence-activated-cell-sorting, multiplex immunofluorescence (IF) and RNAscope analyses, we identified unique DUOX2+ACE2+ small cholangiocytes in human and mouse livers. Their selective decrease in PBC patients was associated with the severity of disease. Moreover, proteomics, scRNA-seq, and qPCR analyses indicated that polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) was highly expressed in DUOX2+ACE2+ cholangiocytes. Serum anti-pIgR autoantibody levels were significantly increased in PBC patients, regardless of positive and negative AMA-M2. Spatial transcriptomics and multiplex IF revealed that CD27+ memory B and plasma cells accumulated in the hepatic portal tracts of PBC patients. Collectively, DUOX2+ACE2+ small cholangiocytes are pathogenic targets in PBC, and preservation of DUOX2+ACE2+ cholangiocytes and targeting anti-pIgR autoantibodies may be valuable strategies for therapeutic interventions in PBC. The aetiology of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) remains unclear. Here, the authors find that the numbers of DUOX2 + ACE2 + small cholangiocytes in human and mouse livers are inversely associated with disease severity, and present data indicating that they may be the target of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) -mediated humoral responses, suggesting that preservation of these cells and targeting anti-pIgR autoantibodies may be valuable strategies for therapeutic interventions in PBC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes a case of intestinal Behcet's disease (BD) in a 52-year-old woman associated with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) involving trisomy 8 responsive to thalidomide. Highlights include development of a large and deep oral aphthous ulceration, clinical manifestations and clinical course in the patient, and the novel co-pathogenic factor of BD and MDS.

Background: Plant pathogenic fungi are a major contributor to reductions in crop yield and quality, posing significant challenges to global food security. The extensive application of chemical fungicides has led to the development of resistance in pathogenic fungi and the accumulation of harmful residues, which threaten environmental sustainability and human health. Plant-derived fungicides, with low toxicity and broad-spectrum activity, offer an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic chemicals., Results: This study evaluated the antifungal activity of chestnut flower extract (CFE) against Fusarium graminearum (FG) and investigated its underlying mechanisms through cellular and transcriptomic analyses. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) identified phenolic acids and flavonoids as the primary active constituents of CFE. CFE inhibited mycelial growth and spore germination with median effective concentration (EC 50 ) values of 2.51 and 0.39 mg mL -1 , respectively. It disrupted biofilm integrity and membrane permeability by reducing ergosterol content, increasing extracellular conductivity, and affecting malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Protein and nucleic acid leakage were observed. Additionally, CFE inhibited energy metabolism by reducing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels and suppressing the activities of key respiratory enzymes, including succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) dehydrogenase. Transcriptomic analysis further revealed that CFE affected multiple biological processes in FG, including cell structure, protein synthesis, ion transport and mitochondrial function., Conclusion: The chestnut flower contains active antibacterial ingredients that exhibit targeted inhibition of FG, thereby providing theoretical and technical support for the development of natural antibacterial agents with specific targeting capabilities. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry., (© 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.)