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Diverse values and unified interpersonal trust have both been stressed as prerequisites in social governance, although contradictions can arise in trying to achieve both. Using cross-national data of more than 29,000 samples from the World Value Survey and relying on the circle and layer structure of governance consensus, we investigate the extent to which the participation of nonprofits in social governance influences interpersonal trust and value diversity. Our findings show that nonprofits increase the perception of fairness in social governance and that they contribute to cultural diversity

Dynamic behaviors of molten pools during active laser welding of thick 304 stainless steel plates are monitored in real time by utilizing a high-speed camera system. The effects of various active fluxes on the dynamic variations of molten pools are analyzed, and the results are compared with the uncoated specimens. The research reveals that all the molten pools present periodic variations. Among them, the specimen coated with NaF active flux exhibits the shortest cycle of molten pool change, with a single cycle duration of approximately 0.5 s. The specimen coated with TiO2 active flux exhibits the longest cycle of molten pool change, and the single cycle duration is around 1.1 s. Moreover, the molten pools also show varying widths. The maximum molten pool width is found with the specimen coated with CeO2 active flux, whose value is 3.277 mm. Meanwhile, the minimum molten pool width is found with the specimen coated with NaF active flux, whose value is 1.799 mm. In addition, the coating of active fluxes also produces certain effects on molten pool stability. The specimen coated with NaF active flux presents intense emission of metal vapor during welding, drastic oscillation of the molten pool, and severe spattering of metal particles. Contrastively, the molten pool of the specimen coated with Cr2O3 active flux is rather stable. In conclusion, by selecting an appropriate active flux, the cycle of molten pool variation can be prolonged, the pool stability can be enhanced, and the occurrence of spattering and other defects can be suppressed.

In this study, the dynamic behaviors of metal vapor, plasma, keyhole, and weld pool during activating laser welding of stainless steel thick plates are monitored in real time by employing a novel "sandwich" method in combination with a high-speed camera system. Meanwhile, the welding quality of specimens is inspected and analyzed from the aspects like joint weld formation, mechanical properties, microstructure, and element distribution. The effects of Cr2O3 active agent on the welding stability and quality of specimens are explored. According to the results, adequate coating of active agent on the specimen surface can weaken and suppress the generation and drastic changes of metal vapor and plasma inside and outside the keyhole, increase the keyhole depth, improve the keyhole shape, weaken the oscillation amplitude of weld pool, and prolong the change cycles of keyhole and weld pool. Consequently, the stability of welding process is enhanced, the generation of porosity and splash defects is inhibited preferably, the quality of weld formation is improved, the weld penetration is increased, the grain structure in weld zone is refined, the width of heat affected zone is narrowed, and the joint strength and toughness are enhanced, without showing apparent change of the relative element contents in the welded joint. In conclusion, coating of Cr2O3 active agent on the specimen surface is effective in improving the welding properties of laser welded stainless steel plates.

In the study presented here, we first evaluated effect of CDDP on liver cancer cells SMMC-7721 apoptosis and motility capacity. Then, we evaluate inhibitory effect of CDDP on tumour growth and its possible molecular mechanism in liver cancer mice model. Results showed that the apoptosis rate of cells decreased with increasing CDDP. Analysis of the effect of the CDDP on cell cycle was performed by flow cytometry and results show a dose-dependent increase in the percentage of cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle, with a decrease in the percentage of cells in the G1 and G2/M phases. CDDP did not close the wound even after 48 h, as opposed to untreated cells (0 mg/l). Similarly, the migratory and invasion capacity of SMMC-7721 cells was also reduced after treatment with CDDP, as evaluated by a transwell assay. Animal experiment indicated that CDDP administration could increase blood WBC, total protein, albumin and A/G, decrease blood alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels in hepatocellular carcinomas mice. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that positive expression of Fas and Bax proteins in the medicine-treated (II, III) group was significantly higher, whereas the expression of NF-κB, P53, Bcl-2 proteins was significantly lower than those of the control group. Gene expression analysis using Real time PCR methods revealed a significant up-regulation in the expression levels of Bax mRNA in the medicne-treated (II, III) group when compared to untreated control. In contrast, CDDP-treated group showed a significant down regulation in the expression levels of Bcl-2 mRNA as compared to untreated control group. These results are in agreement with immunohistochemistry data. Our observations indicate that CDDP has damaged effects on liver tumour cells SMMC-7721 including apoptosis, motility and cell cycle under in vitro. CDDP can enhance pro-apoptosis gene Fas, Bax expression, decrease anti-apoptosis genes Bcl-2 expression, and mutant genes P53, NF-κB proteins expression.

In order to improve motor torque density and efficiency, the configuration and operation principle of Radial-Flux Anti-Rotary PMSM (RFAR PMSM) are introduced. After the mathematic model being deduced, simulation model of RFAR PMSM is established using Matlab/Simulink software. A new direct torque control system for RFAR PMSM is designed, and the speed following strategy of two rotors on disturbance condition is proposed to maintain the equal speed of two rotors. The simulation result, which well matches the theory analysis verified that direct torque control is competent for speed regulating of RFAR PMSM with advantages of high mechanical robustness and quick torque response.

Due to the shipping experiment of unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) needs long period and high cost, a method is provided to test the character of the propulsive motor by computer simulation in this paper. Firstly, the mathematic models of the propulsion motors and the Zn/AgO battery and the shifting electrical equipment and counter-rotating propellers were established, and secondly, the shifting transient process of electric propulsion system of UUV was simulated by SIMULINK. The research shows that the simulation results are close to the experiment results, it could replace the shipping experiment to shorten the design-making cycle and depress the cost.

a new position sensorless control method is proposed in this paper based on analyzing the mathematical model of PMBLDCM propulsion motor with salient pole rotor. The instantaneous voltage of floating phase method is sampled at PWM_ON interval and PWM_OFF interval of per PWM cycle respectively to acquire the zero crossing points (ZCPs) of the back EMF indirectly. This approach, which not requiring low-pass filter, is very simple and easy to apply to DSP, and the simulation results confirm the validity of this new position sensorless control method.

To solve the problems of traditional hard-switching inverter, a novel parallel resonant DC link inverter topology is proposed, the inverter’s configuration and working principle is expounded. Through analyzing generating mechanism of soft-switching zero-voltage condition , it puts forward the matching strategy between inverter and resonant auxiliary link to make the inverter switches achieve ZVS, it discusses the key problem that how to combine soft-switching technology with PWM technology, and the resonant matching software controller is designed. The experiments results confirm the method that realize resonant matching by software controller is practical and feasible.