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The acceleration self-starting performance of hypersonic inlets is of critical importance for the stable operation of scramjet engines. The occurrence of soft unstart during the transition from hard unstart to start is an important flow state that has yet to be fully elucidated. The stability mechanism and corresponding self-starting characteristics of soft unstart remain poorly understood, and there is a pressing need for detailed modeling research in this area. This paper presents a rapid prediction model for the self-starting Mach number of two-dimensional hypersonic inlets with soft critical unstart mode, fully considering the influence of various geometric parameters and Reynolds number in the internal contraction section, and achieving a quantitative analysis of the two-dimensional soft unstart critical flow field. Given the incoming flow conditions and the inlet geometry, the prediction model is capable of accurately representing the actual viscous unstart flow field. It can fully map the unstart separation bubble and its surrounding critical wave structures, and calculate the minimum pressure rise required to maintain the current scale of the main separation bubble and the pressure rise exerted on the unstart separation bubble by the current actual flow field structure. Comparing the relative magnitude of these two pressures determines whether the inlet can transition from soft unstart to start. The proposed prediction model was validated using results from unsteady numerical simulations. The predicted results align well with the simulation results and are significantly better than previous prediction methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, human microbiome research is rapidly growing and emerging evidence has witnessed the critical role that oral microbiome plays in the process of human health and disease. Oral microbial dysbiosis has been confirmed as a contributory cause for diseases in multiple body systems, ranging from the oral cavity to the gastrointestinal, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and even nervous system. As research progressing, oral microbiome‐based diagnosis and therapy are proposed and applied, which may represent potential drug targets in systemic diseases. Recent studies have uncovered the possible association between periodontal disease and prostatic disease, suggesting new prevention and therapeutic treatment for the disease by targeting periodontal pathogens. Thus, we performed this review to first explore the association between the oral microbiome and prostatic disease, according to current knowledge based on published articles, and then mainly focus on the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms and the potential prevention and treatment derived from these mechanistic studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: It has been reported that the periodontal disease is linked to a number of malignant tumors such as lung cancer and pancreatic cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of periodontal disease with risk of bladder cancer by a meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for eligible publications up to December 15, 2017. Cohort and nested case-control studies on the association between periodontal disease and risk of bladder cancer were included. After study selection and data extraction, pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated using a fixed-effect inverse-variance model. All analyses were performed using the RevMan 5.3 software. Results: Finally, five cohort studies were identified and included in this meta-analysis, involving 1,104 bladder cancer cases of 298,476 participants. Summary estimates based on adjusted data showed that periodontal disease was not significantly associated with the risk of bladder cancer (HR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.95–1.25, I2 = 0%). A similar result was also observed after cumulative, subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: Current evidence from cohort studies suggests that patients with periodontal disease may not be at an increased risk of developing bladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: It has been reported that the periodontal disease is linked to a number of malignant tumors such as lung cancer and pancreatic cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of periodontal disease with risk of bladder cancer by a meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for eligible publications up to December 15, 2017. Cohort and nested case-control studies on the association between periodontal disease and risk of bladder cancer were included. After study selection and data extraction, pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated using a fixed-effect inverse-variance model. All analyses were performed using the RevMan 5.3 software. Results: Finally, five cohort studies were identified and included in this meta-analysis, involving 1,104 bladder cancer cases of 298,476 participants. Summary estimates based on adjusted data showed that periodontal disease was not significantly associated with the risk of bladder cancer ( HR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.95-1.25, I 2 = 0%). A similar result was also observed after cumulative, subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: Current evidence from cohort studies suggests that patients with periodontal disease may not be at an increased risk of developing bladder cancer.