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Background: Previous studies have examined patients with chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI) undergoing open and arthroscopic anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) reconstruction, reporting equivalent clinical results between the 2 procedures. However, data on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes on cartilage health after the 2 procedures are limited. Purpose: To compare the cartilage MRI T2 values of the talar and subtalar joints between patients with CLAI undergoing open and arthroscopic ATFL reconstruction. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on patients who underwent open or arthroscopic ATFL reconstruction between January 2018 and December 2019, with a mean follow-up duration of 3 years. MRI scans and American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) and Tegner score estimations were completed by patients ≤1 week before surgery, as a baseline measurement, and at a 3-year follow-up. A total of 21 healthy volunteers were included who underwent MRI at baseline. Cartilage health was evaluated using MRI T2 mapping. The talar and subtalar cartilage regions were segmented into 14 subregions. Results: At baseline, patients with CLAI had substantially higher T2 values in the medial anterior, medial center, medial posterior, and lateral center regions on the talus compared with the healthy controls (P =.009,.003,.001, and.025, respectively). Remarkable increases in T2 values in the lateral posterior region on the talus were observed from baseline to follow-up in the open group (P =.007). Furthermore, T2 values were considerably higher in the medial center, medial posterior, lateral posterior, and lateral posterior calcaneal facets of the posterior subtalar joint at follow-up in the arthroscopic group compared with the baseline values (P =.025,.002,.006, and.044, respectively). No obvious differences in ΔT2 values were noted between the 2 groups at follow-up. The AOFAS and Tegner scores remarkably improved from baseline to follow-up for the 2 groups (open: 3.25 ± 0.58 vs 5.13 ± 0.81, P <.001; arthroscopic: 3.11 ± 0.90 vs 5.11 ± 1.08, P <.001), with no considerable difference between them. Conclusion: The elevated T2 values of cartilage could not be fully recovered after open or arthroscopic ATFL reconstruction. Both arthroscopic and open ATFL reconstruction displayed similar effects on cartilage health concerning ΔT2, but the arthroscopic group demonstrated more degenerative cartilage subregions than the open group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel spindle-like BiVO4/Bi2MoO6 composites with photocarrier relaxation behavior were synthesized by a simple solvothermal method. The results showed that the morphology of composites could be easily adjusted by changing the molar ratio of V/Mo. When the molar ratio of V/Mo was 4:1 to 2:1, a spindle-like appearance could be obtained. Compared to the pure BiVO4 and Bi2MoO6, BiVO4/Bi2MoO6 composites exhibited significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity, especially for the catalyst with V/Mo molar ratio of 2:1 showing the best catalytic performance. The enhanced photocatalytic performance was systematically analyzed by the UV–vis diffuse reflection spectra and photoelectrochemical properties. The results showed that the photocatalytic performance of the material can be improved not only by forming a heterojunction, but also by utilizing relaxation behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The relationship between osteoporosis and intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration remains controversial. Novel quantitative Dixon (Q‐Dixon) and GRAPPATINI T2 mapping techniques have shown potential for evaluating the biochemical components of the spine. Purpose: To investigate the correlation of osteoporosis with IVD degeneration in postmenopausal women. Study Type: Prospective. Subjects: A total of 105 postmenopausal females (mean age, 65 years; mean body mass index, 26 kg/m2). Field Strength/Sequence: 3 T; sagittal; 6‐echo Q‐Dixon, multiecho spin‐echo GRAPPATINI T2 mapping, turbo spin echo (TSE) T1‐weighted and TSE T2‐weighted sequences. Assessment: The subjects were divided into normal (N = 47), osteopenia (N = 28), and osteoporosis (N = 30) groups according to quantitative computed tomography examination. The Pfirrmann grade of each IVD was obtained. Region of interest analysis was performed separately by two radiologists (X.L., with 10 years of experience, and S.C., with 20 years of experience) on a fat fraction map and T2 map to calculate the bone marrow fat fraction (BMFF) from the L1 to L5 vertebrae and the T2 values of each adjacent IVD separately. Statistical Tests: One‐way analysis of variance, post‐hoc comparisons, and Kruskal–Wallis H tests were performed to evaluate the differences in the magnetic resonance imaging parameters between the groups. The relationships between BMFF and the IVD features were analyzed using the Spearman correlation analysis and linear regression models. Results: There were significant differences in BMFF among the three groups. The osteoporosis group had higher BMFF values (64.5 ± 5.9%). No significant correlation was found between BMFF and Pfirrmann grade (r = 0.251, P = 0.06). BMFF was significantly negatively correlated with the T2 of the adjacent IVD from L1 to L3 (r = −0.731; r = −0.637; r = −0.547), while significant weak correlations were found at the L4 to L5 levels (r = −0.337; r = −0.278). Data Conclusion: This study demonstrated that osteoporosis is associated with IVD degeneration. Level of Evidence: 2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 4 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Metal-based Fenton-like catalysts usually activate H 2 O 2 to produce free radicals (•OH and O 2 •−) for the degradation of organic pollutants. However, a catalytic reaction dominated by free radicals is easily interfered with by various inorganic anions and water matrices. Herein, g-C 3 N 4 -wrapped copper phosphide (Cu x P), as a highly efficient Fenton-like catalyst, was successfully synthesized by a simple low-temperature phosphidation method. The Cu x P/g-C 3 N 4 catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic ability for the removal of various organic contaminants over a wide pH range of 3–11. In addition, the catalyst exhibited strong anti-interference ability toward various inorganic anions (Cl–, SO 4 2–, NO 3 –, F–, H 2 PO 4 –, HCO 3 – and CO 3 2–) and water matrices (lake water, river water, tap water and simulated water matrix). The reasons for this performance were analyzed by verifying the mechanism of the catalytic reaction. Compared to the pure Cu x P catalyst, the Cu x P/g-C 3 N 4 composite possessed good catalytic stability. The enhanced and deactivated mechanisms of the Cu x P/g-C 3 N 4 catalyst were systematically analyzed by a series of characterization techniques. A possible reaction mechanism was also proposed based on the experimental results. This work provides new insights into designing highly efficient metal-based Fenton-like catalysts with strong anti-interference ability to practically treat wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]