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Yongzhi Xu,1,2,* Yuanping Hao,2,* Muhammad Arif,3 Xiaodong Xing,4 Xuyang Deng,1 Danyang Wang,1 Yang Meng,2 Shuai Wang,1 Mohamed Sayed Hasanin,5 Wanchun Wang,2 Qihui Zhou3,6 1School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 3Qingdao Key Laboratory of Materials for Tissue Repair and Rehabilitation, School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 5Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt; 6Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing & Finishing, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wanchun Wang; Qihui Zhou, Email kqwwch@126.com; qihuizhou@uor.edu.cnIntroduction: Persistent endodontic infections (PEIs) mediated by bacterial biofilm mainly cause persistent periapical inflammation, resulting in recurrent periapical abscesses and progressive bone destruction. However, conventional root canal disinfectants are highly damaging to the tooth and periodontal tissue and ineffective in treating persistent root canal infections. Antimicrobial materials that are biocompatible with apical tissues and can eliminate PEIs-associated bacteria are urgently needed.Methods: Here, ϵ-poly (L-lysine) derived carbon quantum dots (PL-CQDs) are fabricated using pyrolysis to remove PEIs-associated bacterial biofilms.Results: Due to their ultra-small size, high positive charge, and active reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation capacity, PL-CQDs exhibit highly effective antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), which is greatly dependent on PL-CQDs concentrations. 100 μg/mL PL-CQDs could kill E. faecalis in 5 min. Importantly, PL-CQDs effectively achieved a reduction of biofilms in the isolated teeth model, disrupting the dense structure of biofilms. PL-CQDs have acceptable cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility in vitro and good biosafety in vivo.Discussion: Thus, PL-CQDs provide a new strategy for treating E. faecalis-associated PEIs. Keywords: carbon quantum dots, Enterococcus faecalis, bacterial biofilm, persistent endodontic infections

Guanshuai Guo,1,2,* Xi Chen,1,2,* Jingran Zhang,1,2 Xiangmin Meng,3 Aifeng Jia,4 Xinli Xing,5 Fenglei Huang,6 Xumei Zhang,2,7 Juan Liu,8 Shuying Li,3,9 Qiang Zhang1,2 1Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 2Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Xiqing Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin Xiqing Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women’s and Children’s Health Center of Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Reproductive Health, Women’s and Children’s Health Center of Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of Biomedical Information and Library, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 9NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shuying Li, Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Xiqing Hospital, Tianjin, 300380, People’s Republic of China, Email lsy_tj2006@163.com Qiang Zhang, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 022 83336633, Email qiangzhang@tmu.edu.cnPurpose: This study aimed to explore the association between N-6 adenine-specific DNA methyltransferase 1 (N6AMT1) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the modification of the relationship by folate and vitamin B12.Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 1303 pregnant women (262 GDM and 1041 non-GDM) was performed in Tianjin, China. Nine SNPs in N6AMT1 were genotyped, and serum folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine (Hcy) levels were measured. The logistic regression models determined the odds ratios (ORs) for SNPs in N6AMT1 and the gene-nutrition interactions on GDM.Results: N6AMT1 rs7282280, rs1048546, and rs1997605 were related to GDM under the dominant model after adjusting for multiple covariates. Individuals carrying the N6AMT1 rs7282280 TC/TT genotypes had a lower risk of developing GDM, regardless of serum folate and vitamin B12 levels. However, rs1048546 TG/GG genotypes were associated with lower GDM risk when serum folate ≥ 6.0 ng/mL. Pregnancies with the risk genotypes in N6AMT1 and higher serum folate or lower vitamin B12 are more prone to GDM. The study also showed a statistically significant additive interaction between N6AMT1 rs1997605 GG genotypes and lower vitamin B12 (RERI: 2.54; 95% CI: 0.17, 4.92).Conclusion: SNPs in N6AMT1 were found to be associated with GDM, and serum folate and vitamin B12 levels can modify their associations.Keywords: N6AMT1, folate, vitamin B12, gene-nutrition interaction, gestational diabetes mellitus

Yiran Zhang,1– 4,* Qingcheng Song,2,3,* Yueyao Zhang,2,3,* Jiheng Xiao,5 Xiangtian Deng,6 Xin Xing,2,3 Hongzhi Hu,5 Yingze Zhang1– 3 1School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People’s Republic of China; 3NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 4HeBei Ex&Invivo Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China; 6Orthopaedics Research Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yingze Zhang; Hongzhi Hu, Email yzling_liu@163.com; 13720105746@163.comBackground: Although systemic chemotherapy is a standard approach for osteosarcoma (OS) treatment, its efficacy is limited by the inherent or acquired resistance to apoptosis of tumor cells. Ferroptosis is considered as an effective strategy capable of stimulating alternative pathways of cancer cell demise. The purpose of this study is to develop a novel strategy boosting ferroptotic cascade for synergistic cancer therapy.Methods and Results: A novel nanovehicle composed of arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) modified mesoporous silica-coated iron oxide loading Fin56 was rationally prepared (FSR-Fin56). With the RGD-mediated targeting affinity, FSR-Fin56 could achieve selective accumulation and accurate delivery of cargos into cancer cells. Upon exposure to NIR light, the nanovehicle could generate localized hyperthermia and disintegrate to liberate the therapeutic payload. The released Fin56 triggered the degradation of GPX4, while Fe3+ depleted the intracellular GSH pool, producing Fe2+ as a Fenton agent. The local rise in temperature, in conjunction with Fe2+-mediated Fenton reaction, led to a rapid and significant accumulation of ROS, culminating in LPOs and ferroptotic death. The outstanding therapeutic efficacy and safety of the nanovehicle were validated both in vitro and in vivo.Conclusion: The Fin56-loaded FSR nanovehicle could effectively disturb the redox balance in cancer cells. Coupled with NIR laser irradiation, the cooperative CDT and PTT achieved a boosted ferroptosis-inducing therapy. Taken together, this study offers a compelling strategy for cancer treatment, particularly for ferroptosis-sensitive tumors like osteosarcoma. Keywords: chemodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, Fenton reaction, Fin56, ferroptosis

Chengcheng Gai,1,* Xiaohui Xing,1,2,* Yan Song,1 Yijing Zhao,1 Zige Jiang,1 Yahong Cheng,1 Yilei Xiao,2,3 Zhen Wang1,4 1Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, People’s Republic of China; 3Liaocheng Neuroscience Laboratory, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, People’s Republic of China; 4Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, 250014, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yilei Xiao, Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, People’s Republic of China, Email yileixiao@163.com Zhen Wang, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People’s Republic of China, Email wangzhen@sdu.edu.cnIntroduction: Hypoxia-ischemia (HI) remains the leading cause of cerebral palsy and long-term neurological sequelae in infants. Despite intensive research and many therapeutic approaches, there are limited neuroprotective strategies against HI insults. Herein, we reported that HI insult significantly down-regulated microRNA-9-5p (miR-9-5p) level in the ipsilateral cortex of neonatal mice.Methods: The biological function and expression patterns of protein in the ischemic hemispheres were evaluated by qRT-PCR, Western Blotting analysis, Immunofluorescence and Immunohistochemistry. Open field test and Y-maze test were applied to detect locomotor activity and exploratory behavior and working memory.Results: Overexpression of miR-9-5p effectively alleviated brain injury and improved neurological behaviors following HI insult, accompanying with suppressed neuroinflammation and apoptosis. MiR-9-5p directly bound to the 3’ untranslated region of DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 (DDIT4) and negatively regulated its expression. Furthermore, miR-9-5p mimics treatment down-regulated light chain 3 II/light chain 3 I (LC3 II/LC3 I) ratio and Beclin-1 expression and decreased LC3B accumulation in the ipsilateral cortex. Further analysis showed that DDIT4 knockdown conspicuously inhibited the HI-up-regulated LC3 II/ LC3 I ratio and Beclin-1 expression, associating with attenuated brain damage.Conclusion: The study indicates that miR-9-5p-mediated HI injury is regulated by DDIT4-mediated autophagy pathway and up-regulation of miR-9-5p level may provide a potential therapeutic effect on HI brain damage.Keywords: hypoxia-ischemia, HI, miR-9-5p, DNA damage-inducible transcript 4, (DDIT4), autophagy

This paper presents an adaptive randomized algorithm for computing the butterfly factorization of an m × n matrix with m ≈ n provided that both the matrix and its transpose can be rapidly applied to arbitrary vectors. The resulting factorization is composed of O(log n) sparse factors, each containing O(n) nonzero entries. The factorization can be attained using O(n3/2 log n) computation and O(n log n) memory resources. The proposed algorithm can be implemented in parallel and can apply to matrices with strong or weak admissibility conditions arising from surface integral equation solvers as well as multi-frontal-based finite-difference, finite-element, or finite-volume solvers. A distributed-memory parallel implementation of the algorithm demonstrates excellent scaling behavior.

Shuya Zhao,1 Yunyang Zhang,2 Yun Chen,3 Xianghui Xing,1 Yu Wang,1 Guofeng Wu4 1Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2Center of Modem Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Prosthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Guofeng Wu; Xianghui Xing, Email wgffmmu@sina.com; dr.xing@qq.comPurpose: To evaluate the effects of dentin pretreatment with chitosan-loaded oleuropein nanoparticles (CONPs) on the durability of resin–dentin bonding interfaces.Methods: Eighty freshly extracted non-carious human third molars were randomly divided into four groups (n = 20 each): a de-ionized water (DW) group, a chitosan (CS) group, a chlorhexidine (CHX) group and a CONP group. The dentin in the DW, CS, CHX, and CONP groups were pretreated with de-ionized water, 1.0 mg/L CS solution, 2% chlorhexidine solution, and CONP suspension (prepared with 100 mg/L oleuropein), respectively, followed by the universal adhesive and resin composites. The bonded teeth of each group were randomly divided into two subgroups: an immediate subgroup and an aged subgroup. The bonded teeth of each group were then cut into the bonded beams. We measured their microtensile bond strength (μTBS), observed the characteristics of bonding interface by atomic force microscope, calculated the percentage of silver particles in a selected area for interfacial nanoleakage analysis, and evaluated the endogenous gelatinase activity within the bonding interface for in-situ zymogram analysis. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and LSD multiple comparison test (P < 0.05).Results: Regardless of after 24 h or after thermocycling, CONP exhibited better μTBS (P < 0.05) than the other three groups except that there was not a statistical significance (P > 0.05) in the CONP and CHX groups after 24 h. Besides, the CONP group presented significantly higher modulus of elasticity in the hybrid layers (P < 0.05), lower expression of nanoleakage (P < 0.05), and better inhibitory effect of matrix metalloproteinases than the other three groups before and after thermocycling.Conclusion: Altogether, the CONPs had the potential to act as a dentin primer, which could effectively improve the dentin-resin binding durability.Keywords: atomic force microscopy, dentin, matrix metalloproteinases, microtensile bond strength, nanoleakage

Jingya Zhang,1 Siqi Zhao,1 Xinzhu Xing,1 Lin Shang,1 Jiali Cao,1 Yanling He1,2 1Department of Dermatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, Branch in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yanling He, Department of Dermatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-10-85231889, Email hylchaoyang@163.comAbstract: Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by discolored, scaled patches of skin. Clinically, it is found that psychological factors often induce or aggravate the disease. Current research suggests that the pathogenesis of psoriasis involves the nervous and immune systems. This article reviews how neuropeptides secreted by nerve fibers affect dendritic cells in psoriasis. In this review, we describe that the neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P, and vasoactive intestinal peptide can act on dendritic cells and participate in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. These neuropeptides can affect the secretion of interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-23 by dendritic cells, which stimulate T helper (Th)1, Th17, and Th22 cells to produce immune responses and cause the manifestation of psoriasis. The application of neuropeptide inhibitors can improve the skin lesions of psoriasis, which has been confirmed in clinical trials. Therefore, neuroimmune response may be a new direction to develop new drug treatments and perspectives in the development of psoriasis.Keywords: psoriasis, dendritic cell, calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide

This paper examines the specific role and interdependencies between soil density, particle size, particle shape, and gradation on the water entry pressure of hydrophobized sands. The tested granular materials include quartz sands of three size ranges, glass beads, and crushed glass. All granular materials were initially silanized with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coatings to achieve the same intrinsic hydrophobicity. The water-ponding method was adopted to measure the water entry pressure in a comprehensive parametric study that consisted of 96 tests. Despite an acute sensitivity of the water entry pressure to relative density, the results revealed a more dominant effect of particle size. The largest water entry pressure (hydrophobized fine sand) was 14 times that of the lowest (hydrophobized coarse sand). Relatively higher water entry pressures were recorded with sands having larger coefficients of uniformity. A comparison between hydrophobized glass beads and crushed glass also revealed that rounded particles were less effective in retarding water infiltration in a dense state. A relationship, based on Jurin's law, was proposed for dense sands whereby the water entry pressure is obtained from the coefficient of uniformity, mean particle size, and particle shape. Key words: hydrophobized sand, hydrophobicity, water entry pressure, gradation, particle shape, relative density Cet article examine le role specifique et les interdependances entre la densite du sol, la taille des particules, la forme des particules et la gradation sur la pression d'entree d'eau des sables hydrophobises. Les materiaux granulaires testes comprennent des sables de quartz de trois gammes de taille, des billes de verre et du verre concasse. Tous les materiaux granulaires ont ete initialement silanises avec des revetements en polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) pour obtenir la meme hydrophobie intrinseque. La methode de l'etang d'eau a ete adoptee pour mesurer la pression d'entree de l'eau dans une etude parametrique complete qui comprenait 96 tests. Malgre une sensibilite aigue de la pression d'entree de l'eau a la densite relative, les resultats ont revele un effet plus dominant de la taille des particules. La pression d'entree d'eau la plus importante (sable fin hydrophobise) etait 14 fois superieure a celle de la plus faible (sable grossier hydrophobise). Des pressions d'entree d'eau relativement plus elevees ont ete enregistrees avec les sables ayant des coefficients d'uniformite plus importants. Une comparaison entre les billes de verre hydrophobisees et le verre concasse a egalement revele que les particules arrondies etaient moins efficaces pour retarder l'infiltration d'eau a l'etat dense. Une relation, basee sur la loi de Jurin, a ete proposee pour les sables denses, dans laquelle la pression d'entree de l'eau est obtenue a partir du coefficient d'uniformite, de la taille moyenne des particules et de leur forme. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : sable hydrophobise, hydrophobie, pression d'entree de l'eau, gradation, forme des particules, densite relative, 1. Introduction Soil hydrophobicity retards water infiltration, influencing water movement and evaporation (Fink et al. 1980; Ritsema and Dekker 1994; Hall et al. 2010; Wallach 2010; Bardet et al. 2014; [...]

To achieve high-energy all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs), solid-state electrolytes (SE) must be thin, mechanically robust, and possess the ability to form low resistance interfaces with electrode materials. Embedding an inorganic SE into an organic polymer combines the merits of high conductivity and flexibility. However, the performance of such an SE-in-polymer matrix (SEPM) is highly dependent on the microstructure and interactions between the organic and inorganic components. We report on the synthesis of a free-standing, ultrathin (60 μm) SEPM from a solution of lithium polysulfide, phosphorus sulfide, and ethylene sulfide (ES), where the polysulfide triggers the in situ polymerization of ES and the formation of Li3PS4. Reactant ratios were optimized to achieve a room-temperature conductivity of 2 × 10-5 S cm-1. Cryogenic electron microscopy confirmed a uniform nanoscopic distribution of β-Li3PS4 and PES (polyethylene sulfide). This work presents a facile route to the scalable fabrication of ASSBs with promising cycling performance and low electrolyte loading.

Yiran Zhang,1– 4,&ast; Hongzhi Hu,5,&ast; Xiangtian Deng,6,&ast; Qingcheng Song,2 Xin Xing,2,3 Weijian Liu,5 Yingze Zhang1– 3 1School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People’s Republic of China; 3NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 4HeBei Ex&Invivo Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China; 6Orthopaedics Research Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yingze Zhang; Weijian Liu, Email yzling_liu@163.com; xh_liuweijian@hust.edu.cnBackground: Although chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has attracted enormous attention in anti-tumor studies for converting endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into toxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH) by Fenton-type reaction, the treating effects of using CDT alone is still unsatisfying. Recently, glucose oxidase (GOx) was reported to be co-delivered with Fenton agent for synergistic starvation therapy (ST) and CDT. However, the overexpressed glutathione (GSH) and hypoxia in tumor microenvironment (TME) restrict the therapeutic efficacy of ST/CDT.Methods and Results: In this work, a novel nanoplatform composed of GOx plus Fenton agent (Cu2+) encapsulated core and metformin (MET)-loaded manganese dioxide nanosheets (MNSs) shell was prepared and further functionalized by arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD). With the RGD-mediated affinity with cancer cells, the nanocomposite (GOx-CuCaP@MNSs-MET@PEG-RGD, GCMMR) could accomplish targeting delivery and TME-activated release of cargos. The intracellular GSH was depleted by MnO2/Cu2+ and abundant H2O2 was generated along with the GOx-induced glucose deprivation, which process was further enhanced by MET-mediated hypoxia relief via inhibiting mitochondria-associated respiration. Subsequently generated •OH from Cu+-mediated Fenton-like reaction exerts severe intracellular oxidative stress and cause apoptosis. Moreover, significant inhibition of tumor growth was detected in a subcutaneous xenograft model of osteosarcoma (OS) after GCMMR treatment.Conclusion: The excellent therapeutic efficacy and biosafety of the nanoplatform were confirmed both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, this study provides an appealing strategy with catalytic cascade enhancement on targeted ST/CDT for cancer treatment, especially for hypoxic solid tumors.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: chemodynamic therapy, starvation therapy, glucose oxidase, Fenton reaction, biomineralization, metformin

Peixiang Yang, Xiangxia Rong, Tao Wang, Xiuqun Gong, Chuanqing Yu, Bu Xu, Xiaoli Xing Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People’s Hospital), Huainan, Anhui, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiangxia Rong, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People’s Hospital), Huainan, Anhui, People’s Republic of China, Email rongxiangxia1584@163.comObjective: To explore the effects of cluster nursing on self-care ability, length of hospital stay, complications and neurological function of patients with mechanical thrombectomy of large vessel occlusion in acute cerebral infarction.Methods: A total of 83 patients with acute cerebral infarction who underwent thrombolectomy in a tertiary hospital in Anhui Province from June 2019 to March 2021 were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The observation group was treated with cluster nursing intervention mode, and the control group was treated with routine nursing mode. Barthel index scores and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores were compared between the two groups at admission and at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months of nursing intervention. The length of stay and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results: There was no significant difference in baseline data, Barthel index and NIHSS score between the two groups at admission (P> 0.05). The Barthel index at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after operation in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P< 0.05), while the NIHSS score, incidence of complications and length of hospital stay were significantly lower than those of the control group (P< 0.05).Conclusion: Cluster nursing can improve the neurological function, improve the self-care ability, reduce the incidence of complications, shorten the hospitalization period, improve the prognosis and promote the recovery of patients with acute cerebral infarction thrombolysis.Keywords: acute cerebral infarction, cluster nursing, mechanical thrombectomy, complication, the quality of life

Hong Cai,1– 3,&ast; Yan-jie Zhao,1– 3,&ast; Xiaomeng Xing,4,&ast; Tengfei Tian,4,&ast; Wang Qian,4 Sixiang Liang,4 Zhe Wang,4 Teris Cheung,5 Zhaohui Su,6 Yi-Lang Tang,7,8 Chee H Ng,9 Sha Sha,4 Yu-Tao Xiang1– 3 1Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; 2Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; 3Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; 4The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 5School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; 6School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; 8Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA; 9Department of Psychiatry, The Melbourne Clinic and St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Richmond, Victoria, Australia&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Sha Sha, The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, School of Mental Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Email sarahbon@163.com Chee H Ng, Department of Psychiatry, The Melbourne Clinic and St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Richmond, Victoria, Australia, Email cng@unimelb.edu.auBackground: A high proportion of clinicians experienced common anxiety, insomnia and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined the item-level association of comorbid anxiety and insomnia symptoms among clinicians who suffered from depressive symptoms during the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic using network analysis (NA).Methods: Clinicians with depressive symptoms (with a Patients Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) total score of 5 and above) were included in this study. Anxiety and insomnia symptoms were measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale - 7-item (GAD-7) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), respectively. Network analysis was conducted to investigate the network structure, central symptoms, bridge symptoms, and network stability of these disturbances. Expected influence (EI) was used to measure the centrality of index.Results: Altogether, 1729 clinicians were included in this study. The mean age was 37.1 [standard deviation (SD)=8.04 years], while the mean PHQ-9 total score was 8.42 (SD=3.33), mean GAD-7 total score was 6.45 (SD=3.13) and mean ISI total score was 8.23 (SD=5.26). Of these clinicians, the prevalence of comorbid anxiety symptoms (GAD-7≥ 5) was 76.8% (95% CI 74.82– 78.80%), while the prevalence of comorbid insomnia symptoms (ISI≥ 8) was 43.8% (95% CI: 41.50– 46.18%). NA revealed that nodes ISI7 (“Interference with daytime functioning”) (EI=1.18), ISI4 (“Sleep dissatisfaction”) (EI=1.08) and ISI5 (“Noticeability of sleep problem by others”) (EI=1.07) were the most central (influential) symptoms in the network model of comorbid anxiety and insomnia symptoms in clinicians. Bridge symptoms included nodes PHQ3 (“Sleep”) (bridge EI=0.55) and PHQ4 (“Fatigue”) (bridge EI=0.49). Gender did not significantly influence the network structure, but “having the experience of caring for COVID-19 patients” significantly influenced the network structure.Conclusion: Central symptoms and key bridge symptoms identified in this NA should be targeted in the treatment and preventive measures for clinicians suffering from comorbid anxiety, insomnia and depressive symptoms during the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords: depression, anxiety, sleep, network analysis, health personnel

In this work, we show that the well-known lithium-ion anode material, Li4Ti5O12, exhibits exceptionally high initial capacity of 310 mAh g-1 when it is discharged to 0.01 V. It maintains a reversible capacity of 230 mAh g-1, far exceeding the "theoretical" capacity of 175 mAh g-1 when this anode is lithiated to the composition Li7Ti5O12. Neutron diffraction analyses identify that additional Li reversibly enters into the Li7Ti5O12 to form Li8Ti5O12. density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal the average potentials of the Li4Ti5O12 to Li7Ti5O12 step and the Li7Ti5O12 to Li8Ti5O12 step are 1.57 and 0.19 V, respectively, which are in excellent agreement with experimental results. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies confirm that the irreversible capacity of Li4Ti5O12 during its first cycle originates from the formation of a solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer. This work clarifies the fundamental lithiation mechanism of the Li4Ti5O12, when lithiated to 0.01 V vs Li.

Xiudi Han,1 Liang Chen,2 Hui Li,3 Fei Zhou,3 Xiqian Xing,4 Chunxiao Zhang,5 Lijun Suo,6 Jinxiang Wang,7 Xuedong Liu,1 Bin Cao3 On behalf of the CAP-China network1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Group, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, 266011, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Lishui People’s Hospital, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 211213, People’s Republic of China; 3National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Diseases, Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, 652199, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Huimin Hospital, Beijing, 100054, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo City, Shandong Province, 255000, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xuedong Liu, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Group, Jiaozhou Road, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, 266011, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18661678256, Fax +86-532-82789055, Email xuedongliu@263.net Bin Cao, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghuayuan East Street, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13911318339, Fax +86-10-84206264, Email caobin_ben@163.comBackground: Limited data were available about the burden of cardiovascular events (CVEs) during hospitalization in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The aim was to assess the incidence, characteristics, predictive factors and outcomes of CVEs in elderly patients with CAP during hospitalization.Methods: This study was a multicenter, retrospective research on hospitalized elderly patients with CAP from the CAP-China network. Predictive factors for the occurrence of CVEs and 30-day mortality were identified by multivariable logistic regression analysis.Results: Of 2941 hospitalized elderly patients, 402 (13.7%) developed CVEs during hospitalization with the median age of 81 years old. Compared with non-CVEs patients, patients with CVEs were older, more comorbidities, and higher disease severity; use of glucocorticoids, leukocytosis, azotemia, hyponatremia, multilobe infiltration and pleural effusion were more common; the rate of clinical failure (CF), in-hospital mortality and 30-day mortality were higher, which significantly increased with age and the number of CVEs (p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression showed previous history of congestive heart failure (odds ratio [OR], 6.16; 95% CI, 4.14– 9.18), CF (OR, 4.69; 95% CI, 3.392– 6.48), previous history of ischemic heart disease (OR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.61– 3.07), use of glucocorticoids (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.39– 2.89), aspiration (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.26– 2.81), pleural effusion (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.25– 2.20), multilobe infiltration (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.15– 1.96), age (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.04– 1.07), and blood urea nitrogen (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01– 1.06) were independent predictors for the occurrence of CVEs, while level of blood sodium (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97– 0.99) was protective factor. Renal failure (OR, 9.46; 95% CI, 4.17– 21.48), respiratory failure (OR, 9.32; 95% CI, 5.91– 14.71), sepsis/septic shock (OR, 7.87; 95% CI, 3.58– 17.31), new cerebrovascular diseases (OR, 5.94; 95% CI, 1.78– 19.87), new heart failure (OR, 4.04; 95% CI, 1.15– 14.14), new arrhythmia (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.11– 5.14), aspiration (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.09– 3.50), CURB-65 (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.21– 2.02), and white blood cell count (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02– 1.09) were independent predictors for 30-day mortality in elderly patients with CAP, while lymphocyte count (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.46– 0.87) was protective factor.Conclusion: Patients with CVEs had heavier disease burden and worse prognosis. Early recognition of risk factors is meaningful to strengthen the management in elderly patients with CAP.Keywords: community-acquired pneumonia, cardiovascular events, prognostic factors, elderly

Xiaojing Jia,1 Qianru He,2– 4 Xiaodan Xing,2– 4 Yanming Yang,1 Yan Ma1 1Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China; 2The Medical Department, Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 3Nanjing Simcere Medical Laboratory Science Co., Ltd, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 4The State Key Lab of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd, Nanjing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yanming Yang; Yan Ma, Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, People’s Republic of China, Email yym180@163.com; 729958847@qq.comAbstract: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement is an essential driver mutation identified in approximately 5% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). The results of clinical trials have demonstrated the impressive efficacy of ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs). Besides the classic EML4-ALK fusions, a growing list of gene fusion partners for ALK in NSCLC have been identified with heterogeneous clinical responses to ALK-TKIs. However, a LOC101927967-ALK fusion has not been reported in NSCLC. Herein, a novel LOC101927967 downstream intergenic region ALK fusion in an early-stage patient with lung adenocarcinoma was first identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS) and verified by immunohistochemical staining (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), which might provide a treatment option for postoperative recurrence.Keywords: lung cancer, intergenic fusion, ALK

Dipolarization fronts (DFs), characterized by sharp increases in the northward magnetic field and usually preceded by magnetic dips, are suggested to play an important role in energy conversion and transport in the magnetotail. It has been documented that strong energy conversion typically develops right at the fronts. Here we present spacecraft observations of electron‐scale energy conversion (EEC) developed inside the dip region ahead of a DF, by using high‐cadence data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission. The EEC, with magnitude comparable to that at the front, is primarily driven by ion current and electron‐scale electric field. The electric field inside the dip is provided by electrostatic waves fed by lower hybrid drift instability, which experiences temporal decaying. Such decaying leads to nonhomogeneity of EEC along the dawn‐dusk direction. These results, uncovering a new channel for DF‐driven energy conversion, can provide important insights into understanding energy transport in the magnetotail. Plain Language Summary: Space weather is determined by earthward transport of energy and mass in the magnetosphere. In the magnetotail, such transport is usually associated with dipolarization fronts embedded inside high‐speed plasma jets, which are characterized by a sharp enhancement of the northward component of the magnetic field and serve as the leading boundaries of plasma jets. Statistical studies reveal that a small decrease in the magnetic field often occurs ahead of the fronts, which is dubbed as a magnetic dip. Dipolarization fronts have been suggested to play a key role in the energy conversion chain in the magnetotail, and the energy conversion typically happens right in the front region where strong currents and electric fields usually develop. In this research, we find that in addition to the front region, the dip preceding the fronts can also host strong energy conversion. Our results help further understand energy conversion in the terrestrial magnetotail. Key Points: Electron‐scale energy conversion (EEC) is observed for the first time in the magnetic dip ahead of a dipolarization frontThe EEC, with magnitude comparable to that at the front, is primarily driven by ion current and electron‐scale motional electric fieldThe EEC electric field is induced by a decaying lower hybrid drift instability which may cause temporal damping of the EEC [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy transfer and transport in the terrestrial magnetotails are primarily driven by dipolarization fronts (DFs) embedded inside plasma jets. The DF‐driven energy transfer has hitherto been believed to occur locally at the fronts. Different from the traditional knowledge, here we present the first observation of persistent energy conversion extended far behind a DF. The persistent energy conversion, which was dominated by energy loads and mainly contributed by electron currents, developed inside a turbulent, decaying flux pileup region (FPR), nearly 10 dDF (DF's thickness) behind the DF. The energy transfer chain may be initiated by interaction between the ion flow and ambient plasmas and closed by electron dynamics, leading to electron acceleration perpendicular to magnetic field. These results highlight that electron physics in turbulent FPRs plays a crucial role in the energy transport in the planetary magnetospheres. Key Points: Persistent energy conversion extended far (∼10 dDF) behind a dipolarization front is presentedThe persistent energy conversion was developed inside a decaying flux pileup region and driven by electron currentsThe persistent energy conversion was related to electron acceleration perpendicular to local magnetic field [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium methyl carbonate (LMC) is synthesized in a single step and investigated as a coating material for Li protection. The LMC layer can be formed in situ during Li plating on Cu foil. The chemical and crystal structure of the ∼1 μm thick coating is confirmed, which remains intact during lithium cycling. SEM also confirms the dissolution of the LMC layer after being transferred into the commercial LiPF6-carbonate electrolyte. Presaturating the electrolyte with LMC powder prevents the dissolution of the LMC coating layer, which improves the Li plating/stripping Coulombic efficiency from 90.5% (bare Cu in commercial electrolyte) to 96.1% at 0.5 mA cm-2 and 1 mAh cm-2.