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To provide scientific basis for formulating high-quality and high-yield fertilization techniques for large-scale production of hybrid medium rice in high temperature and drought area of southern Sichuan, China. The effects of basic fertility and grain fertilizer level on Yield and quality of rice were studied by setting grain fertilizer application rates in three years and seven sites. The results showed that: (1) head rice rate, chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree were greatly affected by environment (CV was 28.31% ～58.45%), while length width ratio, gel consistency and amylose content were slightly affected by environment (CV was 2.75% ～6.53%); (2)The differences of yield, head rice rate, length width ratio, chalkiness rate, chalkiness, gel consistency and amylose content among three years and seven sites were extremely significant (F = 3.46 ** ～602.82 **); There was a significant negative correlation between amylose content and nitrogen application rate (r = - 0.3610 ** ～- 0.6065 * *, n = 56).(3) the yield and quality of rice had very significant relationship with location and soil nutrient background (F value 13.98 * ～ 14155.2 **) , the degree of determination was as high as 89.48% ～ 99.99% .(4) the correlation between yield and quality traits was different in different years, and the correlation analysis from 2018 to 2020 showed that yield was negatively correlated with aspect ratio, gel consistency and amylose (r =-0.1898 **～-0.3192 * , n = 210) , and significantly positively correlated with chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree (r = 0.1516 * ～ 0.1661 *). The yield and quality of rice are affected by the interaction of ecological conditions, soil nutrient background values and variety characteristics. Increasing soil available N, K content and controlling P content are beneficial to improving rice quality, with the increase of yield, the quality of rice decreased, and the cultivation way of high-quality and high-yield of hybrid medium rice was put forward.