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In this work, the gate modulation characteristics of superconducting nanowire transistors (SNTs) were investigated under different on-chip gate voltage configurations. By fabricating NbTiN-SNTs with symmetric side gate, we studied the critical current suppression of SNTs under single, opposite, and double voltage gate. We figure out that the gate voltage and leakage current can be adjusted by the gate configuration. Moreover, it revealed an approximately twofold increase in modulation voltage for the opposite gate configuration as compared to the single gate configuration, implying a possible electric field tuned superconductivity. When simultaneously apply voltage on both gates, the onset and offset voltages kept unchanged, but the leakage current is then two times higher than that of single gate. In addition, under all these three types of gate configuration, the suppression of superconductivity coincided with the onset of leakage current, suggesting a potential charge injection mechanism. Our findings demonstrate that both the electric field and charge injection play important roles on the suppression of superconductivity in SNTs, which also contributes to the further optimization and applications of SNT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blockchain technology is applied for product traceability in e‐commerce supply chains. In this context, the paper investigates the channel problem and decision timing problem considering product traceability. Using game‐theoretic framework, the manufacturer encroachment strategies, order quantities and profits under different channel structure, and traceability level are characterized. Research shows that selling traceability products can expand potential market demand and increase the sales volume of products and the profits of manufacturers and retailers. Under encroachment, members with information advantage can maximize their own profits. Additionally, manufacturers can regain the high ground by adjusting traceability levels to influence wholesale prices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]