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6. Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of C/C-SiC composites prepared with different prefabricated structures

Author

WEI Yanbin, WANG Yalei, XIONG Xiang, YE Zhiyong, and LIU Zaidong

Subjects
c/c-sic composites, pores structure, microstructure, flexural property, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract

C/C-SiC composites were prepared by chemical vapor infiltration （CVI） and reactive melt infiltration （RMI） using carbon fiber preforms with stitched and needle-punched structures. The microstructure and pore characteristics of C/C porous composites obtained from the two structural preforms， as well as the microstructure and flexural properties of C/C-SiC composites， were systematically studied. Results show that the pore size of stitched C/C porous composite is multimodal distribution， and the pores are mostly inter-bundle pores. The pore size of needle-punched C/C porous composite is unimodal distribution. Due to the addition of mesh， some inter-bundle pores are transformed into connected small pore networks. The simulated absolute permeability in the Z direction of the latter is slightly greater than that of the former， which is conducive to the subsequent RMI densification process of the latter （high density， low open-porosity and low residual metal）. The average flexural strength of stitched C/C-SiC composites is higher than that of needle-punched C/C-SiC composites， both of which exhibit a “pseudo plastic” fracture mode. The needle-punched C/C-SiC composite has a higher density and lower residual Si content， but its fiber volume content is lower， and the integrity of long straight fibers is poor， resulting in lower load-bearing property of the composite.

Published
2024
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10. Transparent matte surfaces enabled by asymmetric diffusion of white light

Author

Chu, Hongchen, Xiong, Xiang, Fang, Nicholas X., Wu, Feng, Jia, Runqi, Peng, Ruwen, Wang, Mu, and Lai, Yun

Subjects
Physics - Optics
Abstract

The traditional wisdom for achieving transparency is to minimize disordered scattering within and on the surface of materials, so as to avoid translucency. However, the lack of disordered scattering also deprives the possibility of achieving a matte surface, resulting in the specular reflection and glare on transparent materials as a severe light pollution issue. In this work, we propose a solution utilizing optical metasurfaces1-2 to overcome this long-existing dilemma. Our approach leverages an asymmetric background in metasurface design to achieve highly asymmetric diffusion of white light, maximizing diffusion in reflection while minimizing it in transmission across the entire visible spectrum. Using industrial lithography, we have created macroscale transparent matte surfaces with both strong matte appearance and clear transparency, defying the conventional belief that these two optical features are incompatible. These surfaces provide a remarkable phenomenon of switching between transparent or matte appearances via the brightness contrast between the front and rear ambient lights. They also support a unique application in transparent displays and augmented reality, offering perfectly preserved clarity, wide viewing angles, full color, and one-sided displays capabilities. Our findings usher in a new era of optical materials where the desirable properties of both transparent and matte appearances can be seamlessly merged.

Published
2023

12. Protective effect of D‐Cys on renal function in mice with chronic kidney disease

Author

Xiong Xiang, Chunlin Tao, and Jiaoyan Ren

Subjects
chronic kidney disease, D‐amino acid, D‐Cys, renal function, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract

Abstract MTT assay The chirality of amino acids affects their physiological functions. Recent studies uncovered potential physiological effects of D‐amino acids (D‐AAs) in nephropathy. Here, we explored the protective effects of exogenous D‐AAs on chronic kidney disease (CKD). First, by the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐YI)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay it was found that among the four D‐AAs studied (D‐glutamate (D‐Glu), D‐aspartic acid (D‐Asp) being the highest content in fermented yogurt, and D‐alanine (D‐Ala), D‐cysteine (D‐Cys), amino acids with renal protective potential), D‐Cys most significantly enhanced the viability of hypoxia‐induced injured HK‐2 cells, even better than its L‐analog, L‐Cys. Mitochondrial function analyzed by JC‐1 assay showed that 10 and 100 mM D‐Cys can significantly reduce the green/red fluorescence intensity by 16.1% (p

Published
2024
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48. Current Status and Development Trend of Research on Polymer-Based Kinetic Inhibitors for Natural Gas Hydrates

Author

Shujie Liu, Sunan Wang, Jiansheng Luo, Yilong Xu, Liangliang Ren, Xiong Xiang, Tie Geng, Botao Xu, and Lei Guo

Subjects
natural gas hydrates, kinetic inhibitors, research history, structure composition, mechanisms of inhibition, Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract

As the understanding of natural gas hydrates as a vast potential resource deepens, their importance as a future clean energy source becomes increasingly evident. However, natural gas hydrates trend towards secondary generation during extraction and transportation, leading to safety issues such as pipeline blockages. Consequently, developing new and efficient natural gas hydrate inhibitors has become a focal point in hydrate research. Kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) offer an effective solution by disrupting the nucleation and growth processes of hydrates without altering their thermodynamic equilibrium conditions. This paper systematically reviews the latest research progress and development trends in KHIs for natural gas hydrates, covering their development history, classification, and inhibition mechanisms. It particularly focuses on the chemical properties, inhibition effects, and mechanisms of polymer inhibitors such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyvinylcaprolactam (PVCap). Studies indicate that these polymer inhibitors provide an economical and efficient solution due to their low dosage and environmental friendliness. Additionally, this paper explores the environmental impact and biodegradability of these inhibitors, offering guidance for future research, including the development, optimization, and environmental assessment of new inhibitors. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing research, this work aims to provide a theoretical foundation and technical reference for the commercial development of natural gas hydrates, promoting their safe and efficient use as a clean energy resource.

Published
2024
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49. Breakdown of Maxwell Garnett theory due to evanescent fields at deep-subwavelength scale

Author

Dong, Ting, Luo, Jie, Chu, Hongchen, Xiong, Xiang, and Lai, Yun

Subjects
Physics - Optics
Abstract

Deep-subwavelength all-dielectric composite materials are believed to tightly obey the Maxwell Garnett effective medium theory. Here, we demonstrate that the Maxwell Garnett theory could break down due to evanescent fields in deep-subwavelength dielectric structures. By utilizing two- and three-dimensional dielectric composite materials with inhomogeneities at the scale of {\lambda}/100, we show that local evanescent fields generally occur nearby the dielectric inhomogeneities. When tiny absorptive constituents are placed there, the absorption and transmission of the whole composite will show strong dependence on the positions of the absorptive constituents. The Maxwell Garnett theory fails to predict such position-dependent characteristics, because it averages out the evanescent fields. By taking the distribution of the evanescent fields into consideration, we made a correction to the Maxwell Garnett theory, such that the position-dependent characteristics become predictable. We reveal not only the breakdown of the Maxwell Garnett theory, but also a unique phenomenon of "invisible" loss induced by the prohibition of electric fields at deep-subwavelength scales. Our work promises a route to control the macroscopic properties of composite materials without changing their composition, which is beyond the traditional Maxwell Garnett theory.

Published
2020

50. Research on Public Opinion Risk Management and Control Under Network Media Big Data

Author

Zhang, Xue-qin, He, Zhuang-zhaung, Zhao, Rui, Xiong, Xiang-chuan, Zhang, Ya-jun, Akan, Ozgur, Editorial Board Member, Bellavista, Paolo, Editorial Board Member, Cao, Jiannong, Editorial Board Member, Coulson, Geoffrey, Editorial Board Member, Dressler, Falko, Editorial Board Member, Ferrari, Domenico, Editorial Board Member, Gerla, Mario, Editorial Board Member, Kobayashi, Hisashi, Editorial Board Member, Palazzo, Sergio, Editorial Board Member, Sahni, Sartaj, Editorial Board Member, Shen, Xuemin, Editorial Board Member, Stan, Mircea, Editorial Board Member, Jia, Xiaohua, Editorial Board Member, Zomaya, Albert Y., Editorial Board Member, Jan, Mian Ahmad, editor, and Khan, Fazlullah, editor

Published
2023
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