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Continuous hemodynamic monitoring in a wearable means can play a crucial role in managing hypertension and preventing catastrophic cardiovascular events. In this study, we have described the fully wearable tonometric device, referred to as flexible adaptive sensing tonometry (FAST), which is capable of continuous and accurate monitoring of hemodynamic parameters within the medical-grade precision. In particular, the FAST system integrates a 1 × 8 unit array of highly sensitive and highly flexible iontronic sensing (FITS) with 1 mm spatial resolution and a closed-loop motion system. The flexible tonometric architecture has been used to determine the radial arterial position with high sensitivity and high conformability, which simplifies the biaxial searching process of the traditional applanation tonometry into a highly efficient uniaxial applanation while keeping the medical-precision assessments. Importantly, a self-calibration algorithm can be automatically implemented during the applanation process, from which the intra-arterial blood pressure wave can be continuously predicted within the medical-grade precision, and subsequently, multi-parametric hemodynamic analysis can be performed in real-time. Experimental validations on health volunteers have demonstrated that the FAST measurements are all within the required accuracy of the clinical standards for continuous pulse wave assessments, blood pressure monitoring as well as other key hemodynamic parameter evaluations. Therefore, the FAST system, by integrating the flexible iontronic sensing array, provides a real-time, medical-grade hemodynamic monitoring solution in a continuously wearable manner, from which remote patient-centered monitoring can be delivered with both medical precision and convenience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to increase the reliability and efficiency of the dynamics modeling and analysis for complex planar multi-body systems containing grooved sheave,the corresponding vector bond graph procedure is proposed. From the kinematic constraint condition,the vector bond graph model of point-linear follower is built,which is suitable for inner and external grooved sheave. Based on this,the procedure to mode planar multi-body systems with grooved sheave by vector bond graph is made. For the algebraic difficulties brought by differential causality and nonlinear junction structure in dynamics modeling of the planar multi-body systems,the effective decoupling method is proposed. By using the corresponding algorithm,the computer automatic modeling and dynamics analysis of the planar multi-body system containing grooved sheave on a computer is realized,its validity is illustrated.