100 results on '"Xu, FR"'
Search Results
2. Vibrational and rotational sequences in101Mo and 103,4Ru studied via multinucleon transfer reactions
- Author
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Regan, PH, Wheldon, C, Yamamoto, AD, Valiente-DOBÓN, JJ, Cline, D, Wu, CY, Macchiavelli, AO, Xu, FR, Smith, JF, Andgren, K, Chakrawarthy, RS, Cromaz, M, Fallon, P, Freeman, SJ, Gorgen, A, Hayes, A, Hua, H, Langdown, SD, Lee, IY, Pearson, CJ, Podolyák, Z, and Teng, R
- Subjects
Nuclear & Particles Physics ,Mathematical Sciences ,Physical Sciences - Abstract
The near-yrast states of 42101Mo59 and 44103,4Ru59,60 have been studied following their population via heavy-ion multinucleon transfer reactions between a 136Xe beam and a thin, self-supporting 100Mo target. The ground state sequence in 104Ru can be understood as demonstrating a simple evolution from a quasi-vibrational structure at lower spins to statically deformed, quasi-rotational excitation involving the population of a pair of low-Ω h11/2 neutron orbitals. The effect of the decoupled h11/2 orbital on this vibration-to-rotational evolution is demonstrated by an extension of the "E-GOS" prescription to include odd-A nuclei. The experimental results are also compared with self-consistent Total Routhian Surface calculations which also highlight the polarising role of the highly aligned neutron h11/2 orbital in these nuclei.
- Published
- 2005
3. Vibrational and rotational sequences in 101Mo and 103,4Ru studied via multinucleon transfer reactions
- Author
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Regan, PH, Wheldon, C, Yamamoto, AD, Valiente-Dobón, JJ, Cline, D, Wu, CY, Macchiavelli, AO, Xu, FR, Smith, JF, Andgren, K, Chakrawarthy, RS, Cromaz, M, Fallon, P, Freeman, SJ, Gorgen, A, Hayes, A, Hua, H, Langdown, SD, Lee, IY, Pearson, CJ, Podolyák, Z, and Teng, R
- Subjects
Mathematical Sciences ,Physical Sciences ,Nuclear & Particles Physics ,Mathematical sciences ,Physical sciences - Abstract
The near-yrast states of 42101Mo59 and 44103,4Ru59,60 have been studied following their population via heavy-ion multinucleon transfer reactions between a 136Xe beam and a thin, self-supporting 100Mo target. The ground state sequence in 104Ru can be understood as demonstrating a simple evolution from a quasi-vibrational structure at lower spins to statically deformed, quasi-rotational excitation involving the population of a pair of low-Ω h11/2 neutron orbitals. The effect of the decoupled h11/2 orbital on this vibration-to-rotational evolution is demonstrated by an extension of the "E-GOS" prescription to include odd-A nuclei. The experimental results are also compared with self-consistent Total Routhian Surface calculations which also highlight the polarising role of the highly aligned neutron h11/2 orbital in these nuclei.
- Published
- 2005
4. Isomer-delayed -ray spectroscopy of A = 159 - 164 midshell nuclei and the variation of K-forbidden E1 transition hindrance factors
- Author
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Patel, Z, Walker, Philip, Podolyak, Zsolt, Regan, Patrick, Berry, Thomas, Söderström, P-A, Watanabe, H, Ideguchi, E, Simpson, GS, Nishimura, S, Wu, Q, Xu, FR, Browne, F, Doornenbal, P, Lorusso, G, Rice, S, Sinclair, L, Sumikama, T, Wu, J, Xu, ZY, Aoi, N, Baba, H, Bello Garrote, FL, Benzoni, G, Daido, R, Dombrádi, Zs, Fang, Y, Fukuda, N, Gey, G, Go, S, Gottardo, A, Inabe, N, Isobe, T, Kameda, D, Kobayashi, K, Kobayashi, M, Komatsubara, T, Kojouharov, I, Kubo, T, Kurz, N, Kuti, I, Li, Z, Matsushita, M, Michimasa, S, Moon, C-B, Nishibata, H, Nishizuka, I, Odahara, A, Sahin, E, Sakurai, H, Schaffner, H, Suzuki, H, Takeda, H, Tanaka, M, Taprogge, J, Vajta, Zs, Yagi, A, and Yokoyama, R
- Abstract
Excited states have been studied in \iso{159}{Sm}, \iso{161}{Sm}, \iso{162}{Sm} (Z~=~62), \iso{163}{Eu} (Z~=~63), and \iso{164}{Gd} (Z~=~64), populated by isomeric decay following 238U projectile fission at RIBF, RIKEN. The isomer half-lives range from 50 ns to 2.6 \mus. In comparison with other published data, revised interpretations are proposed for \iso{159}{Sm} and \iso{163}{Eu}. The first data for excited states in \iso{161}{Sm} are presented, where a 2.6 \mus isomer is assigned a three-quasiparticle, K^\pi = 17/2^- structure. The interpretation is supported by multi-quasiparticle Nilsson-BCS calculations, including the blocking of pairing correlations. A consistent set of reduced E1 hindrance factors is obtained. Limited evidence is also reported for isomeric decay in 163Sm, 164Eu and 165Eu.
- Published
- 2017
5. 08 Inhibition of autophagy by mevalonate pathway inhibitors, a new therapeutic approach to sensitize glioblastoma cells to temozolomide induced apoptosis
- Author
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Shojaei, S., primary, Alizadeh, J., additional, Thliveris, J., additional, Koleini, N., additional, Kardami, E., additional, Hatch, G.M., additional, Xu, Fr., additional, Hombach-Klonisch, S., additional, Klonisch, T., additional, and Ghavami, S., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Analysis of genetic variation in rice paddy landraces across 30 years as revealed by microsatellite DNA markers
- Author
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Yan Hm, Zhang El, A Xx, Xu Fr, Yang Yy, Dong C, Zhang Ff, Yang Wy, and Tang Cf
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Genetic diversity ,Agronomy ,Genetic variation ,Plant genetics ,Genotype ,Paddy field ,Microsatellite ,Locus (genetics) ,General Medicine ,Allele ,Biology - Abstract
To reveal the genetic variation of rice paddy landraces across 30 years, we compared the genetic variation of between 6 paddy rice landraces grown in Yuanyang Hani's terraced fields in Yuanyang County, Yunnan Province in the 1970s (past-grown landraces) and 6 paired ones that have been grown during the past decade (current-grown landraces) using 60 SSR markers. The results showed that one to four alleles were amplified in 60 loci and 159 alleles in all the landraces tested. The number of alleles from the current-grown landraces decreased by 7 alleles compared to the past-grown landraces. The average number of alleles (Na), effective number of alleles (Ne), locus polymorphism information content (PIC), and genotype diversity (H') of the past-grown landraces were higher than those of the current-grown landraces, with Na of 2.567>2.450, Ne of 2.052>1.968, PIC of 0.469>0.439, and H' of 0.768>0.722. The average genetic similarity coefficient (GS) of the past-grown landraces was 0.437 with a range from 0.200 to 0.700 based on the 60 SSR markers, and the average GS of the current-grown landraces was 0.473 with a range from 0.117 to 0.667. In conclusion, the genetic diversity in current-grown landraces was decreased compared to the past-grown landraces, and the degree of variation in some of the allele locus varied in different rice landraces as a result of 30 years' natural and artificial selection.
- Published
- 2012
7. Isomer Decay Spectroscopy of Sm-164 and Gd-166: Midshell Collectivity Around N=100
- Author
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Patel, Z, Soederstroem, P-A, Podolyak, Z, Regan, PH, Walker, PM, Watanabe, H, Ideguchi, E, Simpson, GS, Liu, HL, Nishimura, S, Wu, Q, Xu, FR, Browne, F, Doornenbal, P, Lorusso, G, Rice, S, Sinclair, L, Sumikama, T, Wu, J, Xu, ZY, Aoi, N, Baba, H, Garrote, FLB, Benzoni, G, Daido, R, Fang, Y, Fukuda, N, Gey, G, Go, S, Gottardo, A, Inabe, N, Isobe, T, Kameda, D, Kobayashi, K, Kobayashi, M, Komatsubara, T, Kojouharov, I, Kubo, T, Kurz, N, Kuti, I, Li, Z, Matsushita, M, Michimasa, S, Moon, C-B, Nishibata, H, Nishizuka, I, Odahara, A, Sahin, E, Sakurai, H, Schaffner, H, Suzuki, H, Takeda, H, Tanaka, M, Taprogge, J, Vajta, Z, Yagi, A, and Yokoyama, R
- Published
- 2014
8. Shape-coexisting rotation in neutron-deficient Hg and Pb nuclei
- Author
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Jiao, CF, Shi, Y, Liu, HL, Xu, FR, Walker, PM, Jiao, CF, Shi, Y, Liu, HL, Xu, FR, and Walker, PM
- Published
- 2015
9. Understanding the different rotational behaviors of No-252 and No-254
- Author
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Liu, HL, Xu, FR, and Walker, PM
- Published
- 2012
10. Multi-quasiparticle excitation: Extending shape coexistence in A similar to 190 neutron-deficient nuclei
- Author
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Shi, Y, Xu, FR, Liu, HL, and Walker, PM
- Published
- 2010
11. Shape coexistence and isomeric states in neutron-rich Tc-112 and Tc-113
- Author
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Bruce, AM, Lalkovski, S, Bacelar, AMD, Gorska, M, Pietri, S, Podolyak, Z, Shi, Y, Walker, PM, Xu, FR, Bednarczyk, P, Caceres, L, Casarejos, E, Cullen, IJ, Doornenbal, P, Farrelly, GF, Garnsworthy, AB, Geissel, H, Gelletly, W, Gerl, J, Grebosz, J, Hinke, C, Ilie, G, Jaworski, G, Kojouharov, I, Kurz, N, Myalski, S, Palacz, M, Prokopowicz, W, Regan, PH, Schaffner, H, Steer, S, Tashenov, S, and Wollersheim, HJ
- Published
- 2010
12. Isomeric states in neutron-deficient A similar to 80-90 nuclei populated in the fragmentation of Ag-107
- Author
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Garnsworthy, AB, Regan, PH, Pietri, S, Sun, Y, Xu, FR, Rudolph, D, Gorska, M, Caceres, L, Podolyak, Z, Steer, SJ, Hoischen, R, Heinz, A, Becker, F, Bednarczyk, P, Doornenbal, P, Geissel, H, Gerl, J, Grawe, H, Grebosz, J, Kelic, A, Kojouharov, I, Kurz, N, Montes, F, Prokopwicz, W, Saito, T, Schaffner, H, Tachenov, S, Werner-Malento, E, Wollersheim, HJ, Benzoni, G, Blank, B, Brandau, C, Bruce, AM, Camera, F, Catford, WN, Cullen, IJ, Dombradi, Z, Estevez, E, Gelletly, W, Ilie, G, Jolie, J, Jones, GA, Jungclaus, A, Kmiecik, M, Kondev, FG, Kurtukian-Nieto, T, Lalkovski, S, Liu, Z, Maj, A, Myalski, S, Pfuetzner, M, Schwertel, S, Shizuma, T, Simons, AJ, Walker, PM, and Wieland, O
- Published
- 2009
13. beta(-)-delayed spectroscopy of neutron-rich tantalum nuclei: Shape evolution in neutron-rich tungsten isotopes
- Author
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Alkhomashi, N, Regan, PH, Podolyak, Z, Pietri, S, Garnsworthy, AB, Steer, SJ, Benlliure, J, Caserejos, E, Casten, RF, Gerl, J, Wollersheim, HJ, Grebosz, J, Farrelly, G, Gorska, M, Kojouharov, I, Schaffner, H, Algora, A, Benzoni, G, Blazhev, A, Boutachkov, P, Bruce, AM, Bacelar, AMD, Cullen, IJ, Caceres, L, Doornenbal, P, Estevez, ME, Fujita, Y, Gelletly, W, Hoischen, R, Kumar, R, Kurz, N, Lalkovski, S, Liu, Z, Mihai, C, Molina, F, Morales, AI, Muecher, D, Prokopowicz, W, Rubio, B, Shi, Y, Tamii, A, Tashenov, S, Valiente-Dobon, JJ, Walker, PM, Woods, PJ, and Xu, FR
- Published
- 2009
14. Weakly deformed oblate structures in Os-198(76)122
- Author
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Podolyak, Z, Steer, SJ, Pietri, S, Xu, FR, Liu, HL, Regan, PH, Rudolph, D, Garnsworthy, AB, Hoischen, R, Gorska, M, Gerl, J, Wollersheim, HJ, Kurtukian-Nieto, T, Benzoni, G, Shizuma, T, Becker, F, Bednarczyk, P, Caceres, L, Doornenbal, P, Geissel, H, Grebosz, J, Kelic, A, Kojouharov, I, Kurz, N, Montes, F, Prokopowicz, W, Saito, T, Schaffner, H, Tashenov, S, Heinz, A, Pfutzner, M, Jungclaus, A, Balabanski, DL, Brandau, C, Bruce, AM, Catford, WN, Cullen, IJ, Dombradi, Z, Estevez, E, Gelletly, W, Ilie, G, Jolie, J, Jones, GA, Kmiecik, M, Kondev, FG, Kruecken, R, Lalkovski, S, Liu, Z, Maj, A, Myalski, S, Schwertel, S, Walker, PM, Werner-Malento, E, and Wieland, O
- Published
- 2009
15. Identification of yrast high-K intrinsic states in Os-188
- Author
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Modamio, V, Jungclaus, A, Podolyak, Z, Shi, Y, Xu, FR, Algora, A, Bazzacco, D, Escrig, D, Fraile, LM, Lenzi, S, Marginean, N, Martinez, T, Napoli, DR, Schwengner, R, and Ur, CA
- Abstract
The high-spin structure of the Z=76 nucleus Os-188 has been studied using the incomplete fusion reaction Li-7+W-186. A K-pi=10(+) band has been established up to spin (24(+)) and its crossing with the ground-state band has been studied. In addition, intrinsic high-K states have been identified and on top of two of them, K-pi=7(-) and K-pi=10(-), regular bands have been observed. The K-pi=16(+) and K-pi=18(+) states are yrast whereas the K-pi=14(+) level lies only 33 keV above the yrast line and decays with a low reduced hindrance of f(nu)< 1.3 to the ground-state band (Delta K=14). The results are discussed by means of a systematic comparison with the even-even neighboring nucleus Os-186. Configuration-constrained multiquasiparticle potential-energy-surface calculations have been performed to identify the configurations of multiquasiparticle states., The authors would like to thank Prof. Herbert H¨ubel from the University of Bonn for providing the 186W target. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Educaci´on y Ciencia within the programa Ram´on y Cajal and research Project Nos. FPA2005-00696 and FPA2007-66069 and by the Spanish Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Program CPAN (CSD2007- 00042).
- Published
- 2009
16. β - Dcopy of neutron-rich tantalum nuclei: Shape evolution in neutron-rich tungsten isotopes
- Author
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Alkhomashi, N, Regan, PH, Podolyák, Z, Pietri, S, Garnsworthy, AB, Steer, SJ, Benlliure, J, Caserejos, E, Casten, RF, Gerl, J, Wollersheim, HJ, Grebosz, J, Farrelly, G, Górska, M, Kojouharov, I, Schaffner, H, Algora, A, Benzoni, G, Blazhev, A, Boutachkov, P, Bruce, AM, Bacelar, AMD, Cullen, IJ, Cáceres, L, Doornenbal, P, Estevez, ME, Fujita, Y, Gelletly, W, Hoischen, R, Kumar, R, Kurz, N, Lalkovski, S, Liu, Z, Mihai, C, Molina, F, Morales, AI, Mücher, D, Prokopowicz, W, Rubio, B, Shi, Y, Tamii, A, Tashenov, S, Valiente-Dobón, JJ, Walker, PM, Woods, PJ, and Xu, FR
- Published
- 2009
17. Neutron–proton pairing competition in N = Z nuclei: Metastable state decays in the proton dripline nuclei NB-82(41) and Tc-86(43)
- Author
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Garnsworthy, AB, Regan, PH, Caceres, L, Pietri, S, Sun, Y, Rudolph, D, Gorska, M, Podolyak, Z, Steer, SJ, Hoischen, R, Heinz, A, Becker, F, Bednarczyk, P, Doornenbal, P, Geissel, H, Gerl, J, Grawe, H, Grebosz, J, Kelic, A, Kojouharov, I, Kurz, N, Montes, F, Prokopowicz, W, Saito, T, Schaffner, H, Tachenov, S, Werner-Malento, E, Wollersheim, HJ, Benzoni, G, Blank, BB, Brandau, C, Bruce, AM, Camera, F, Catford, WN, Cullen, IJ, Dombradi, Z, Estevez, E, Gelletly, W, Ilie, G, Jolie, J, Jones, GA, Jungclaus, A, Kmiecik, M, Kondev, FG, Kurtukian-Nieto, T, Lalkovski, S, Liu, Z, Maj, A, Myalski, S, Pfutzner, M, Schwertel, S, Shizuma, T, Simons, AJ, Walker, PM, Wielandi, O, Xu, FR, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, and Universidad de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC)
- Subjects
Nuclear Theory ,29.30.Kv ,23.20.Lv ,[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex] ,Nuclear Experiment - Abstract
The low-lying structures of the self-conjugate (N = Z) nuclei Nb-82(41)41 andTc-86(43)43 have been investigated using isomeric-decay spectroscopy following the projectile fragmentation of a Ag-107 beam. These represent the heaviest odd–odd N = Z nuclei in which internal decays have been identified to date. The resulting level schemes shed light on the shape evolution along the N = Z line between the doubly-magic systems Ni-56(28) and Sn-100(50) and support a preference for T = 1 states in Tz = 0 odd–odd nuclei at low excitation energies associated with a T = 1 neutron–proton pairing gap. Comparison with Projected Shell Model calculations suggests that the decay in Nb-82 may be interpreted as an isospin-changing K isomer.
- Published
- 2008
18. Intrinsic state lifetimes in 103Pd and 106,107Cd
- Author
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Ashley, SF, Regan, PH, Andgren, K, McCutchan, EA, Zamfir, NV, Amon, L, Cakirli, RB, Casten, RF, Clark, RM, Gelletly, W, Guerdal, G, Keyes, KL, Meyer, DA, Erduran, MN, Papenberg, A, Pietralla, N, Plettner, C, Rainovski, G, Ribas, RV, Thomas, NJ, Vinson, J, Warner, DD, Werner, V, Williams, E, Liu, HL, and Xu, FR
- Published
- 2007
19. Binary-reaction spectroscopy of Mo-99,Mo-100: Intruder alignment systematics in N=57 and N=58 isotones
- Author
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Regan, PH, Yamamoto, AD, Xu, FR, Wu, CY, Macchiavelli, AO, Cline, D, Smith, JF, Freeman, SJ, Valiente-Dobon, JJ, Andgren, K, Chakrawarthy, RS, Cromaz, M, Fallon, P, Gelletly, W, Gorgen, A, Hayes, A, Hua, H, Langdown, SD, Lee, IY, Pearson, CJ, Podolyak, Z, Teng, R, and Wheldon, C
- Published
- 2003
20. How Can We Know What Language Models Know?
- Author
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Jiang, Zhengbao, Xu, Frank F., Araki, Jun, and Neubig, Graham
- Subjects
Computational linguistics. Natural language processing ,P98-98.5 - Abstract
Recent work has presented intriguing results examining the knowledge contained in language models (LMs) by having the LM fill in the blanks of prompts such as “ Obama is a __ by profession”. These prompts are usually manually created, and quite possibly sub-optimal; another prompt such as “ Obama worked as a __ ” may result in more accurately predicting the correct profession. Because of this, given an inappropriate prompt, we might fail to retrieve facts that the LM does know, and thus any given prompt only provides a lower bound estimate of the knowledge contained in an LM. In this paper, we attempt to more accurately estimate the knowledge contained in LMs by automatically discovering better prompts to use in this querying process. Specifically, we propose mining-based and paraphrasing-based methods to automatically generate high-quality and diverse prompts, as well as ensemble methods to combine answers from different prompts. Extensive experiments on the LAMA benchmark for extracting relational knowledge from LMs demonstrate that our methods can improve accuracy from 31.1% to 39.6%, providing a tighter lower bound on what LMs know. We have released the code and the resulting LM Prompt And Query Archive (LPAQA) at https://github.com/jzbjyb/LPAQA .
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. On the possibility of enhanced fission stability for broken-pair excitations
- Author
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Walker, PM, Xu, FR, Liu, HL, Sun, Y, Walker, PM, Xu, FR, Liu, HL, and Sun, Y
- Abstract
The fission of high-K, two-quasiparticle isomers is considered, with specific reference to No, No and Fm. The published experimental evidence is discussed in relation to configuration-constrained potential-energy-surface calculations, which suggest that the high-K isomers should be less susceptible to fission than their corresponding ground states. © 2012 IOP Publishing Ltd.
- Published
- 2012
22. Deformation and its influence on K isomerism in neutron-rich Hf nuclei
- Author
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Liu, HL, Xu, FR, Walker, PM, Bertulani, CA, Liu, HL, Xu, FR, Walker, PM, and Bertulani, CA
- Published
- 2011
23. Low-lying level structure of the neutron-rich nucleus 109Nb: A possible oblate-shape isomer
- Author
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Watanabe, H, Sumikama, T, Nishimura, S, Yoshinaga, K, Li, Z, Miyashita, Y, Yamaguchi, K, Baba, H, Berryman, JS, Blasi, N, Bracco, A, Camera, F, Chiba, J, Doornenbal, P, Go, S, Hashimoto, T, Hayakawa, S, Hinke, C, Ideguchi, E, Isobe, T, Ito, Y, Jenkins, DG, Kawada, Y, Kobayashi, N, Kondo, Y, Krücken, R, Kubono, S, Lorusso, G, Nakano, T, Kurata-Nishimura, M, Odahara, A, Ong, HJ, Ota, S, Podolyák, Z, Sakurai, H, Scheit, H, Shi, Y, Steiger, K, Steppenbeck, D, Sugimoto, K, Tajiri, K, Takano, S, Takashima, A, Teranishi, T, Wakabayashi, Y, Walker, PM, Wieland, O, Xu, FR, Yamaguchi, H, Watanabe, H, Sumikama, T, Nishimura, S, Yoshinaga, K, Li, Z, Miyashita, Y, Yamaguchi, K, Baba, H, Berryman, JS, Blasi, N, Bracco, A, Camera, F, Chiba, J, Doornenbal, P, Go, S, Hashimoto, T, Hayakawa, S, Hinke, C, Ideguchi, E, Isobe, T, Ito, Y, Jenkins, DG, Kawada, Y, Kobayashi, N, Kondo, Y, Krücken, R, Kubono, S, Lorusso, G, Nakano, T, Kurata-Nishimura, M, Odahara, A, Ong, HJ, Ota, S, Podolyák, Z, Sakurai, H, Scheit, H, Shi, Y, Steiger, K, Steppenbeck, D, Sugimoto, K, Tajiri, K, Takano, S, Takashima, A, Teranishi, T, Wakabayashi, Y, Walker, PM, Wieland, O, Xu, FR, and Yamaguchi, H
- Published
- 2011
24. Effects of high-order deformation on high-K isomers in superheavy nuclei
- Author
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Liu, HL, Xu, FR, Walker, PM, Bertulani, CA, Liu, HL, Xu, FR, Walker, PM, and Bertulani, CA
- Abstract
Using, for the first time, configuration-constrained potential-energy-surface calculations with the inclusion of β6 deformation, we find remarkable effects of the high-order deformation on the high-K isomers in 254No, the focus of recent spectroscopy experiments on superheavy nuclei. For shapes with multipolarity six, the isomers are more tightly bound and, microscopically, have enhanced deformed shell gaps at N=152 and Z=100. The inclusion of β6 deformation significantly improves the description of the very heavy high-K isomers.
- Published
- 2011
25. Spectroscopy of neutron-rich Dy-168,Dy-170: Yrast band evolution close to the NpNn valence maximum
- Author
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Soderstrom, P-A, Nyberg, J, Regan, PH, Algora, A, de Angelis, G, Ashley, SF, Aydin, S, Bazzacco, D, Casperson, RJ, Catford, WN, Cederkall, J, Chapman, R, Corradi, L, Fahlander, C, Farnea, E, Fioretto, E, Freeman, SJ, Gadea, A, Gelletly, W, Gottardo, A, Grodner, E, He, CY, Jones, GA, Keyes, K, Labiche, M, Liang, X, Liu, Z, Lunardi, S, Marginean, N, Mason, P, Menegazzo, R, Mengoni, D, Montagnoli, G, Napoli, D, Ollier, J, Pietri, S, Podolyak, Z, Pollarolo, G, Recchia, F, Sahin, E, Scarlassara, F, Silvestri, R, Smith, JF, Spohr, K-M, Steer, SJ, Stefanini, AM, Szilner, S, Thompson, NJ, Tveten, GM, Ur, CA, Valiente-Dobon, JJ, Werner, V, Williams, SJ, Xu, FR, Zhu, JY, Soderstrom, P-A, Nyberg, J, Regan, PH, Algora, A, de Angelis, G, Ashley, SF, Aydin, S, Bazzacco, D, Casperson, RJ, Catford, WN, Cederkall, J, Chapman, R, Corradi, L, Fahlander, C, Farnea, E, Fioretto, E, Freeman, SJ, Gadea, A, Gelletly, W, Gottardo, A, Grodner, E, He, CY, Jones, GA, Keyes, K, Labiche, M, Liang, X, Liu, Z, Lunardi, S, Marginean, N, Mason, P, Menegazzo, R, Mengoni, D, Montagnoli, G, Napoli, D, Ollier, J, Pietri, S, Podolyak, Z, Pollarolo, G, Recchia, F, Sahin, E, Scarlassara, F, Silvestri, R, Smith, JF, Spohr, K-M, Steer, SJ, Stefanini, AM, Szilner, S, Thompson, NJ, Tveten, GM, Ur, CA, Valiente-Dobon, JJ, Werner, V, Williams, SJ, Xu, FR, and Zhu, JY
- Published
- 2010
26. Vibrational and rotational sequences in Mo-101 and Ru-103,Ru-4 studied via multinucleon transfer reactions
- Author
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Regan, Ph, Wheldon, C., Yamamoto, Ad, Valiente-Dobon, Jj, Cline, D., Wu, Cy, Macchiavelli, Ao, Xu, Fr, Smith, Jf, Andgren, K., Chakrawarthy, Rs, Cromaz, M., Fallon, P., Sean Freeman, Gorgen, A., Hayes, A., Hua, H., Langdown, Sd, Lee, Iy, Pearson, Cj, Podolyak, Z., and Teng, R.
27. Interplay between K-isomerism and gamma-softness in Xe-128
- Author
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Orce, Jn, Bruce, Am, Emmanouilidis, A., Carl Wheldon, Xu, Fr, Walker, Pm, Caamano, M., Podolyak, Z., El-Masri, H., Stevenson, Pd, Byrne, Ap, Dracoulis, Gd, Hazel, Jc, Kibedi, T., and Cullen, Dm
28. beta-delayed proton decays near the proton drip line
- Author
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Xu, Sw, Li, Zk, Xie, Yx, Huang, Wx, Shu, Nc, Chen, Ys, Xu, Fr, and Wang, K.
29. Realistic Shell Model with Chiral Interaction and Its Application to Drip-Line Predictions
- Author
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Nunzio Itaco, A. Gargano, Y. Z. Ma, Tokuro Fukui, Giovanni De Gregorio, Furong Xu, L. Coraggio, Fukui, T, Coraggio, L, De Gregorio, G, Gargano, A, Itaco, N, Ma, Yz, and Xu, Fr
- Subjects
Physics ,Nuclear Theory ,Elementary particle ,Fermion ,Space (mathematics) ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Computational physics ,Mathematical Operators ,Baryon ,symbols.namesake ,symbols ,Nuclear Experiment ,Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics) ,Nucleon ,Line (formation) - Abstract
We employ the shell model with the chiral two- and three-nucleon forces. The effective Hamiltonian relevant to the valence-model space is computed microscopically. This framework is applied to the study of the neutron-drip line of the calcium isotopes. Our simulation shows that the calculated two-neutron separation energies are consistent with those of currently available experiment and $$^{70}\mathrm {Ca}$$ is possibly bound, as other theoretical attempts predict.
- Published
- 2021
30. Realistic shell-model calculations for p -shell nuclei including contributions of a chiral three-body force
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L. De Angelis, A. Gargano, Nunzio Itaco, Tokuro Fukui, Y. Z. Ma, L. Coraggio, Furong Xu, Fukui, T, De Angelis, L, Ma, Yz, Coraggio, L, Gargano, A, Itaco, N, and Xu, Fr
- Subjects
Physics ,Chiral perturbation theory ,Valence (chemistry) ,Nuclear Theory ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,SHELL model ,Ab initio ,FOS: Physical sciences ,First order ,01 natural sciences ,Three-body force ,Nuclear Theory (nucl-th) ,symbols.namesake ,Theoretical physics ,0103 physical sciences ,symbols ,010306 general physics ,Nucleon ,Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics) - Abstract
In this paper we present an evolution of our derivation of the shell-model effective Hamiltonian, namely introducing effects of three-body contributions. More precisely, we consider a three-body potential at next-to-next-to-leading order in chiral perturbation theory, and the induced three-body forces that arise from many-body correlations among valence nucleons. The first one is included, in the derivation of the effective Hamiltonian for one- and two-valence nucleon-systems, at first order in the many-body perturbation theory. Namely, we include only the three-body interaction between one or two valence nucleons and those belonging to the core. For nuclei with more than two valence particles, both induced - turned on by the two-body potential - and genuine three-body forces come into play. Since it is difficult to perform shell-model calculations with three-body forces, these contributions are estimated for the ground-state energy only. In order to establish the reliability of our approximations, we focus attention on nuclei belonging to the p shell, aiming to benchmark our calculations against those performed with the ab initio no-core shell-model. The obtained results are satisfactory, and pave the way to the application of our approach to nuclear systems with heavier masses., 10 pages, 15 figures, to be published on Physical Review C
- Published
- 2018
31. Direct Observation of Competing M1 and M3 Transitions in ^{10}B.
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Kuşoğlu A, Balabanski DL, Hu RZ, Fan SQ, Xu FR, Constantin P, Söderström PA, Cuciuc M, Aogaki S, Ban RS, Borcea R, Coman A, Corbu R, Costache C, Covali A, Dinescu I, Florea NM, Iancu V, Ionescu A, Mărginean NM, Mihai C, Mihai RE, Nedelcu CV, Petruse T, Pai H, Pappalardo A, Sirbu OA, Sotty CO, Stan L, State AN, Testov DA, Tozar T, Turturica A, Turturica G, Ujeniuc S, Ur CA, Vasilca V, and Zhu F
- Abstract
Excited states in ^{10}B were populated with the ^{10}B(p,p^{'}γ)^{10}B^{*} reaction at 8.5 MeV and their γ decay was investigated via coincidence γ-ray spectroscopy. The emitted γ rays were measured using large-volume LaBr_{3}:Ce and CeBr_{3} detectors placed in anti-Compton shields. This allowed the observation of weak γ-ray transitions, such as the M3 transition between the J^{π},T=0^{+},1 isobaric analog state (IAS) and the J^{π},T=3^{+},0 ground state and the E2 transition between the J^{π},T=2_{1}^{+},0 state and the IAS, i.e., performing measurements of branching ratios at the level of λ≥10^{-4}. For the first time in ^{10}B, the competing M1 and M3 transitions from the decay of the IAS have been observed in a γ spectroscopy experiment. The experimental results are compared with ab initio no-core shell model calculation using the newest version of the local position-space chiral N^{3}LO nucleon-nucleon interaction. The calculations reproduce correctly the ordering of the bound states in ^{10}B, and are in reasonable agreement with the observed branching ratios and reduced transition probabilities.
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- 2024
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32. [Cloning and functional verification of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase gene(AvFPS) from Aconitum vilmorinianum].
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Wang X, Li GD, Wang BJ, Xu FR, and Ma XH
- Subjects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Amino Acid Sequence, Phylogeny, Sequence Alignment, Geranyltranstransferase genetics, Geranyltranstransferase metabolism, Geranyltranstransferase chemistry, Cloning, Molecular, Aconitum genetics, Aconitum enzymology, Aconitum chemistry, Plant Proteins genetics, Plant Proteins metabolism, Plant Proteins chemistry
- Abstract
Aconitum vilmorinianum is an authentic and superior medicinal herbal in Yunnan, which is rich in yunaconitine and other diterpene alkaloids. Diterpene alkaloids are its main active components. Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase(FPS) is a key enzyme in the terpene biosynthetic pathway and plays an important role in diterpene alkaloid biosynthesis. Functional studies of FPS help to reveal the molecular mechanism of diterpene alkaloid biosynthesis. In this study, one FPS gene(AvFPS) was selected based on the transcriptome data of A. vilmorinianum. Its full-length sequence was cloned, and bioinformatic analysis, functional verification, and gene expression analysis were performed. The open reading frame(ORF) of AvFPS was 1 056 bp, encoding 351 amino acids. Its molecular weight was 41 kDa. AvFPS had two typical conserved functional domains of isopentenyl transferase, " DDIMD" and " DDYXD". The recombinant protein of AvFPS was expressed in Escherichia coli, and purified recombinant protein was used for in vitro enzymatic reaction. The results revealed that AvFPS was able to catalyze the synthesis of farnesyl pyrophosphate(FPP). The results of qRT-PCR analysis showed that AvFPS was expressed in the roots, stems, leaves, and flowers of A. vilmorinianum, with the highest expression level in the roots. The expression level of AvFPS was significantly up-regulated by MeJA induction. This study clarified the catalytic function of AvFPS, revealed the expression pattern of AvFPS in different tissue, as well as at different time induced by MeJA, and provided a reference for a deeper understanding of the function of FPS in the biosynthesis of diterpenoid components.
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- 2024
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33. Investigation of the Inhibitory Effects of Illicium verum Essential Oil Nanoemulsion on Fusarium proliferatum via Combined Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analysis.
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Ling CQ, Liao HX, Wen JR, Nie HY, Zhang LY, Xu FR, Cheng YX, and Dong X
- Subjects
- Transcriptome, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Plant Diseases microbiology, Plant Diseases prevention & control, Gene Expression Profiling, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Fusarium drug effects, Fusarium genetics, Fusarium metabolism, Metabolomics, Illicium chemistry, Antifungal Agents pharmacology, Antifungal Agents metabolism, Antifungal Agents chemistry, Emulsions chemistry
- Abstract
Fusarium proliferatum is the main pathogen that causes Panax notoginseng root rot. The shortcomings of strong volatility and poor water solubility of Illicium verum essential oil (EO) limit its utilization. In this study, we prepared traditional emulsion (BDT) and nanoemulsion (Bneo) of I. verum EO by ultrasonic method with Tween-80 and absolute ethanol as solvents. The chemical components of EO, BDT, and Bneo were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the antifungal activity and mechanism were compared. The results show that Bneo has good stability and its particle size is 34.86 nm. The contents of (-) -anethole and estragole in Bneo were significantly higher than those in BDT. The antifungal activity against F. proliferatum was 5.8-fold higher than BDT. In the presence of I. verum EO, the occurrence of P. notoginseng root rot was significantly reduced. By combining transcriptome and metabolomics analysis, I. verum EO was found to be involved in the mutual transformation of pentose and glucuronic acid, galactose metabolism, streptomycin biosynthesis, carbon metabolism, and other metabolic pathways of F. proliferatum, and it interfered with the normal growth of F. proliferatum to exert antifungal effects. This study provide a theoretical basis for expanding the practical application of Bneo., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
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- 2024
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34. Observation of the Exotic 0_{2}^{+} Cluster State in ^{8}He.
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Yang ZH, Ye YL, Zhou B, Baba H, Chen RJ, Ge YC, Hu BS, Hua H, Jiang DX, Kimura M, Li C, Li KA, Li JG, Li QT, Li XQ, Li ZH, Lou JL, Nishimura M, Otsu H, Pang DY, Pu WL, Qiao R, Sakaguchi S, Sakurai H, Satou Y, Togano Y, Tshoo K, Wang H, Wang S, Wei K, Xiao J, Xu FR, Yang XF, Yoneda K, You HB, and Zheng T
- Abstract
We report here the first observation of the 0_{2}^{+} state of ^{8}He, which has been predicted to feature the condensatelike α+^{2}n+^{2}n cluster structure. We show that this state is characterized by a spin parity of 0^{+}, a large isoscalar monopole transition strength, and the emission of a strongly correlated neutron pair, in line with theoretical predictions. Our finding is further supported by the state-of-the-art microscopic α+4n model calculations. The present results may lead to new insights into clustering in neutron-rich nuclear systems and the pair correlation and condensation in quantum many-body systems under strong interactions.
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- 2023
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35. The hypothalamic steroidogenic pathway mediates susceptibility to inflammation-evoked depression in female mice.
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Xu FR, Wei ZH, Xu XX, Zhang XG, Wei CJ, Qi XM, Li YH, Gao XL, and Wu Y
- Subjects
- Humans, Mice, Male, Female, Animals, Lipopolysaccharides toxicity, Lipopolysaccharides metabolism, Hypothalamus metabolism, Inflammation chemically induced, Inflammation metabolism, Pregnenolone metabolism, Depression metabolism, Neuroinflammatory Diseases
- Abstract
Background: Depression is two-to-three times more frequent among women. The hypothalamus, a sexually dimorphic area, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. Neuroinflammation-induced hypothalamic dysfunction underlies behaviors associated with depression. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model of depression has been well-validated in numerous laboratories, including our own, and is widely used to investigate the relationship between neuroinflammation and depression. However, the sex-specific differences in metabolic alterations underlying depression-associated hypothalamic neuroinflammation remain unknown., Methods: Here, we employed the LPS-induced mouse model of depression to investigate hypothalamic metabolic changes in both male and female mice using a metabolomics approach. Through bioinformatics analysis, we confirmed the molecular pathways and biological processes associated with the identified metabolites. Furthermore, we employed quantitative real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting, and pharmacological interventions to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms., Results: A total of 124 and 61 differential metabolites (DMs) were detected in male and female mice with depressive-like behavior, respectively, compared to their respective sex-matched control groups. Moreover, a comparison between female and male model mice identified 37 DMs. We capitalized on biochemical clustering and functional enrichment analyses to define the major metabolic changes in these DMs. More than 55% of the DMs clustered into lipids and lipid-like molecules, and an imbalance in lipids metabolism was presented in the hypothalamus. Furthermore, steroidogenic pathway was confirmed as a potential sex-specific pathway in the hypothalamus of female mice with depression. Pregnenolone, an upstream component of the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway, was downregulated in female mice with depressive-like phenotypes but not in males and had considerable relevance to depressive-like behaviors in females. Moreover, exogenous pregnenolone infusion reversed depressive-like behaviors in female mice with depression. The 5α-reductase type I (SRD5A1), a steroidogenic hub enzyme involved in pregnenolone metabolism, was increased in the hypothalamus of female mice with depression. Its inhibition increased hypothalamic pregnenolone levels and ameliorated depressive-like behaviors in female mice with depression., Conclusions: Our study findings demonstrate a marked sexual dimorphism at the metabolic level in depression, particularly in hypothalamic steroidogenic metabolism, identifying a potential sex-specific pathway in female mice with depressive-like behaviors., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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36. Author Correction: Intravitreal injection of fibrillin 2 (Fbn2) recombinant protein for therapy of retinopathy in a retina-specific Fbn2 knock-down mouse model.
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Zhang RX, Wen Y, Guo DD, Xu FR, Wang GM, Wang XR, Shi YW, Ding J, Jiang Q, Jiang WJ, Jonas JB, and Bi HS
- Published
- 2023
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37. Mass Measurement of Upper fp-Shell N=Z-2 and N=Z-1 Nuclei and the Importance of Three-Nucleon Force along the N=Z Line.
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Wang M, Zhang YH, Zhou X, Zhou XH, Xu HS, Liu ML, Li JG, Niu YF, Huang WJ, Yuan Q, Zhang S, Xu FR, Litvinov YA, Blaum K, Meisel Z, Casten RF, Cakirli RB, Chen RJ, Deng HY, Fu CY, Ge WW, Li HF, Liao T, Litvinov SA, Shuai P, Shi JY, Song YN, Sun MZ, Wang Q, Xing YM, Xu X, Yan XL, Yang JC, Yuan YJ, Zeng Q, and Zhang M
- Abstract
Using a novel method of isochronous mass spectrometry, the masses of ^{62}Ge, ^{64}As, ^{66}Se, and ^{70}Kr are measured for the first time, and the masses of ^{58}Zn, ^{61}Ga, ^{63}Ge, ^{65}As, ^{67}Se, ^{71}Kr, and ^{75}Sr are redetermined with improved accuracy. The new masses allow us to derive residual proton-neutron interactions (δV_{pn}) in the N=Z nuclei, which are found to decrease (increase) with increasing mass A for even-even (odd-odd) nuclei beyond Z=28. This bifurcation of δV_{pn} cannot be reproduced by the available mass models, nor is it consistent with expectations of a pseudo-SU(4) symmetry restoration in the fp shell. We performed ab initio calculations with a chiral three-nucleon force (3NF) included, which indicate the enhancement of the T=1 pn pairing over the T=0 pn pairing in this mass region, leading to the opposite evolving trends of δV_{pn} in even-even and odd-odd nuclei.
- Published
- 2023
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38. Intravitreal injection of fibrillin 2 (Fbn2) recombinant protein for therapy of retinopathy in a retina-specific Fbn2 knock-down mouse model.
- Author
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Zhang RX, Wen Y, Guo DD, Xu FR, Wang GM, Wang XR, Shi YW, Ding J, Jiang Q, Jiang WJ, Jonas JB, and Bi HS
- Subjects
- Male, Mice, Animals, Fibrillin-2 genetics, Fibrillin-2 metabolism, Intravitreal Injections, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, Recombinant Proteins genetics, Recombinant Proteins metabolism, Retina metabolism, Macular Degeneration metabolism
- Abstract
Mutations in the extracellular matrix gene Fibrillin-2 (FBN2) are related to genetic macular degenerative disorders including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and early-onset macular degeneration (EOMD). It was reported that the retinal protein expression of FBN2 was reduced in patients with AMD and EOMD. The effect of exogenously supplied fbn2 recombinant protein on fbn2-deficiency-related retinopathy was not known. Here we investigated the efficacy and molecular mechanism of intravitreally applied fibrin-2 recombinant protein in mice with fbn2-deficient retinopathy. The experimental study included groups (all n = 9) of adult C57BL/6J male mice which underwent no intervention, intravitreal injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV) empty vector or intravitreal injection of AAV-sh-fbn2 (adeno-associated virus for expressing short hairpin RNA for fibrillin-2) followed by three intravitreal injections of fbn2 recombinant protein, given in intervals of 8 days in doses of 0.30 μg, 0.75 μg, 1.50 μg, and 3.00 μg, respectively. Eyes with intravitreally applied AAV-sh-fbn2 as compared to eyes with injection of AAV-empty vector or developed an exudative retinopathy with involvement of the deep retinal layers, reduction in axial length and reduction in ERG amplitudes. After additional and repeated application of fbn2 recombinant protein, the retinopathy improved with an increase in retinal thickness and ERG amplitude, the mRNA and protein expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β1) and TGF-β binding protein (LTBP-1) increased, and axial length elongated, with the difference most marked for the dose of 0.75 μg of fbn2 recombinant protein. The observations suggest that intravitreally applied fbn2 recombinant protein reversed the retinopathy caused by an fbn2 knockdown., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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39. A molecular network-based pharmacological study on the protective effect of Panax notoginseng rhizomes against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Li DD, Li N, Cai C, Wei CM, Liu GH, Wang TH, and Xu FR
- Abstract
Objective: We aimed to explore the protective effect of Panax notoginseng rhizomes (PNR) on renal ischemia and reperfusion injury (RIRI) and the underlying molecular network mechanism based on network pharmacology and combined systemic experimental validation. Methods: A bilateral RIRI model was established, and Cr, SCr, and BUN levels were detected. Then, the PNR was pretreated 1 week before the RIRI model was prepared. To determine the effects of the PNR in RIRI, histopathological damage and the effect of PNRs to the kidney was assessed, using TTC, HE, and TUNEL staining. Furthermore, the underlying network pharmacology mechanism was detected by screening drug-disease intersection targets from PPI protein interactions and GO and KEGG analysis, and the hub genes were screened for molecular docking based on the Degree value. Finally, the expression of hub genes in kidney tissues was verified by qPCR, and the protein expression of related genes was further detected by Western blot (WB). Results: PNR pretreatment could effectively increase Cr level, decrease SCr and BUN levels, reduce renal infarct areas and renal tubular cell injury areas, and inhibit renal cell apoptosis. By using network pharmacology combined with bioinformatics, we screened co-targets both Panax notoginseng (Sanchi) and RIRI, acquired ten hub genes, and successfully performed molecular docking. Of these, pretreatment with the PNR reduced the mRNA levels of IL6 and MMP9 at postoperative day 1 and TP53 at postoperative day 7, and the protein expression of MMP9 at postoperative day 1 in IRI rats. These results showed that the PNR could decrease kidney pathological injury in IRI rats and inhibit apoptotic reaction and cell inflammation so as to improve renal injury effectively, and the core network mechanism is involved in the inhibition of MMP9, TP53, and IL-6. Conclusion: The PNR has a marked protective effect for RIRI, and the underlying mechanism is involved in inhibiting the expression of MMP9, TP53, and IL-6. This striking discovery not only provides fruitful evidence for the protective effect of the PNR in RIRI rats but also provides a novel mechanic explanation., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Li, Li, Cai, Wei, Liu, Wang and Xu.)
- Published
- 2023
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40. Food emulsifier based on the interaction of casein and butyrylated dextrin for improving stability and emulsifying properties.
- Author
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Chen P, Wang RM, Xu BC, Xu FR, Ye YW, and Zhang B
- Subjects
- Animals, Dextrins, Emulsifying Agents, Emulsions chemistry, Polysaccharides, Particle Size, Caseins chemistry, Nanoparticles chemistry
- Abstract
Green hydrophobically modified butyrylated dextrin (BD) was used to modulate casein (CN). The CN/BD complex nanoparticles were formed at different CN-to-BD mass ratios based on a pH-driven technology. The interaction force, stability, and emulsifying properties of complex nanoparticles were investigated. The nanoparticles had a negative charge and a small particle size (160.03, 152.6, 155.9, 206.13, and 231.67 nm) as well as excellent thermal stability and environmental stability (pH 4.5, 5.5, 6.6, 7.5, 8.5, and 9.5; ionic strength, 50, 100, 200, and 500 mM). Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the successful preparation of complex nanoparticles and their spherical shape. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and dissociation analysis results showed that the main driving forces of formed CN/BD nanoparticles were hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction. Furthermore, the CN/BD nanoparticles (CN/BD mass ratio, 1:1; weight/weight) exhibited the lowest creaming index, and optical microscopy showed that it has the most evenly dispersed droplets after 7 d of storage, which indicates that the CN/BD nanoparticles had excellent emulsifying properties. Butyrylated dextrin forms complex nanoparticles with CN through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction to endow CN with superior properties. The results showed that it is possible to use pH-driven technology to form protein-polysaccharide complex nanoparticles, which provides some information on the development of novel food emulsifiers based on protein-polysaccharide nanoparticles. The study provided significant information on the improvement of CN properties and the development of emulsions based on CN., (The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. and Fass Inc. on behalf of the American Dairy Science Association®. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).)
- Published
- 2023
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41. Cymbopogom Citratus Essential Oils: A Promising Source of Antifungals Against Panax Notoginseng-Associated Pathogenic Fungi.
- Author
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Yang J, Li TT, Huo YY, Huang HY, Meng QH, Xu FR, and Dong X
- Subjects
- Antifungal Agents pharmacology, Ecosystem, Fungi, Terpenes, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Panax notoginseng, Pesticides
- Abstract
Due to the great threat of chemical pesticides to the ecosystem environment, it is a long-term goal to find environmentally friendly green pesticides. Essential oils (EOs) are considered weapons in plant chemical defense and are important sources of green pesticides. Therefore, the antifungal effects and action mechanisms of Cymbopogom citratus (C. citratus) EOs against seven kinds of Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) pathogenic fungi were investigated. Oxford Cup results showed that C. citratus EOs had an excellent detraction effects against seven fungi of P. notoginseng. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to construct the chemical profiles of C. citratus EOs, disclosed that the main categories are terpenes and oxygenated terpenes. In addition, compared with the hymexazol, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed that EOs and their main components had strong antifungal activities. Besides, EOs had a synergistic effect with hymexazol (a chemical pesticide). The antifungal mechanism of C. citratus EOs was studied by using Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum) as the dominant pathogen. C. citratus EOs may affect the metabolism of fungi and induce mycotoxins to destroy the cell wall to achieve antifungal effects. Finally, EOs were found to significantly retard P. notoginseng infection by F. oxysporum. According to our research, C. citratus EOs are potential green antifungal agent that can be used in the cultivation of P. notoginseng., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2022
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42. Integrated physiological, metabolomic, and proteome analysis of Alpinia officinarum Hance essential oil inhibits the growth of Fusarium oxysporum of Panax notoginseng .
- Author
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Liu XY, Huo YY, Yang J, Li TT, Xu FR, Wan HP, Li JN, Wu CH, Zhang YH, and Dong X
- Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is the main pathogen of Panax notoginseng root rot, and chemical fungicides remain the primary measures to control the disease. Plant essential oil (EO) is a volatile plant secondary metabolic product that does not produce any residue to replace chemical pesticide. To comprehensively understand the antifungal mechanism of Alpinia officinarum Hance EO, the physiological indicators, proteome and metabolome were analyzed using F. oxysporum spores and hyphae treated with different EO concentrations. The cell membrane was damaged after both low and high concentrations of EO treatment, along with leakage of the cell contents. To resist the destruction of membrane structure, fungi can increase the function of steroid biosynthesis and expression of these catalytic enzymes, including squalene monooxygenase (SQLE), sterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51, CYP61A), delta14-sterol reductase (TM7SF2, ERG4), methylsterol monooxygenase (MESO1), and sterol 24-C-methyltransferase (SMT1). Furthermore, the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) was influenced by inhibiting the expression of glutamate synthase (GLT1), 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase (ABAT), and succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (gabD); increasing malate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA); and decreasing citrate content. The spore germination rate and mycelia growth were decreased because the expression of cohesin complex subunit SA-1/2 (IRR1) and cohesion complex subunit (YCS4, BRN1, YCG1) were inhibited. Particularly, under high EO concentrations, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDC28) and DNA replication licensing factor (MCM) were further inhibited to disrupt the cell cycle and meiosis, thus affecting cell division. The results of this study will enrich the understanding of the antifungal mechanism of EOs and provide an important basis to develop new plant-derived fungicides., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Liu, Huo, Yang, Li, Xu, Wan, Li, Wu, Zhang and Dong.)
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- 2022
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43. Root-Associated Microbiomes of Panax notoginseng under the Combined Effect of Plant Development and Alpinia officinarum Hance Essential Oil.
- Author
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Zhou HL, Liu XY, Zhou C, Han SF, Xu FR, and Dong X
- Subjects
- Bacteria, Plant Development, Plant Roots, Rhizosphere, Soil, Soil Microbiology, Alpinia, Ascomycota, Microbiota, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Panax notoginseng microbiology, Pesticides, Saponins
- Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) have been proposed as an alternative to conventional pesticides to inhibit fungal pathogens. However, the application of EOs is considerably limited due to their highly volatile nature and unpredictable effects on other microbes. In our study, the composition of bacterial and fungal communities from the rhizosphere soil of P. notoginseng under four treatment levels of Alpinia officinarum Hance EO was characterized over several growth stages. Leaf weight varied dramatically among the four EO treatment levels after four months of growth, and the disease index at a low concentration (0.14 mg/g) of EO addition was the lowest among the P. notoginseng growth stages. The content of monomeric saponins was elevated when EO was added. Bacterial and fungal diversity in the absence of plants showed a decreasing trend with increasing levels of EO. Bacterial diversity recovery was more correlated with plant growth than was fungal diversity recovery. Compared with the control (no EO addition), a low concentration of EO significantly accumulated Actinomycota , including Acidothermus , Blastococcus , Catenulispora , Conexibacter , Rhodococcus , and Sinomonas , after one month of plant-microbial interaction. Overall, the results showed that both the plant growth stage and EOs drive changes in the microbial community composition in the rhizosphere of P. notoginseng . Plant development status had a stronger influence on bacterial diversity than on fungal diversity. EO had a more significant effect on fungal community composition, increasing the dominance of Ascomycota when EO concentration was increased. Under the interaction of P. notoginseng growth and EO, a large number of bacterial genera that have been described as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) responded positively to low concentrations of EO application, suggesting that EO may recruit beneficial microbes in the root zone to cope with pathogens and reduce root rot disease. These results offer novel insights into the relationship between EO application, altered microbial communities in the plant roots, plant growth stage, and disease occurrence.
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- 2022
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44. Anticoagulant activity analysis and origin identification of Panax notoginseng using HPLC and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy.
- Author
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Cui ZY, Liu CL, Li DD, Wang YZ, and Xu FR
- Subjects
- Anticoagulants pharmacology, China, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Panax notoginseng chemistry, Saponins chemistry
- Abstract
Introduction: Panax notoginseng is one of the traditional precious and bulk-traded medicinal materials in China. Its anticoagulant activity is related to its saponin composition. However, the correlation between saponins and anticoagulant activities in P. notoginseng from different origins and identification of the origins have been rarely reported., Objectives: We aimed to analyze the correlation of components and activities of P. notoginseng from different origins and develop a rapid P. notoginseng origin identification method., Materials and Methods: Pharmacological experiments, HPLC, and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy (variable selection) combined with chemometrics methods of P. notoginseng main roots from four different origins (359 individuals) in Yunnan Province were conducted., Results: The pharmacological experiments and HPLC showed that the saponin content of P. notoginseng main roots was not significantly different. It was the highest in main roots from Wenshan Prefecture (9.86%). The coagulation time was prolonged to observe the strongest effect (4.99 s), and the anticoagulant activity was positively correlated with the contents of the three saponins. The content of ginsenoside Rg
1 had the greatest influence on the anticoagulant effect. The results of spectroscopy combined with chemometrics show that the variable selection method could extract a small number of variables containing valid information and improve the performance of the model. The variable importance in projection has the best ability to identify the origins of P. notoginseng; the accuracy of the training set and the test set was 0.975 and 0.984, respectively., Conclusion: This method is a powerful analytical tool for the activity analysis and identification of Chinese medicinal materials from different origins., (© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)- Published
- 2022
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45. Control of pathogenic fungi on Panax notoginseng by volatile oils from the food ingredients Allium sativum and Foeniculum vulgare.
- Author
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Li TT, Yang J, Huo YY, Zeng ZY, Huang HY, Xu FR, and Dong X
- Subjects
- Antifungal Agents pharmacology, Fungi, Foeniculum, Food Ingredients, Garlic, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Panax notoginseng microbiology
- Abstract
To screen natural drugs with strong inhibitory effects against pathogenic fungi related to P. notoginseng, the antifungal activities of garlic and fennel EOs were studied by targeting P. notoginseng disease-associated fungi, and the possible action mechanisms of garlic and fennel EOs as plant fungicides were preliminarily discussed. At present, the antifungal mechanism of EOs has not been fully established. Therefore, understanding the antifungal mechanism of plant EOs is helpful to address P. notoginseng diseases continuous cropping disease-related obstacles and other agricultural cultivation problems. First, the Oxford cup method and chessboard were used to confirm that the EOs and oxamyl had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Fusarium oxysporum. F. oxysporum is the main pathogen causing root rot of P. notoginseng and the preliminary study on the antifungal mechanisms of the EOs against F. oxysporum showed that the inhibition of EOs mainly affects cell membrane permeability and cell processes and affects the enzyme activities of micro-organism, to achieve antifungal effects. Finally, an in vivo model verified that both two EOs could significantly inhibit the occurrence of root rot caused by F. oxysporum., (© 2022 The Society for Applied Microbiology.)
- Published
- 2022
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46. Public Health Graduates' Perceptions of the Educational Environment Measured by the DREEM.
- Author
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Xu FR and Yang Y
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Male, Perception, Surveys and Questionnaires, Public Health education, Students, Medical
- Abstract
Objective: Students' perceptions of the educational environment have a significant impact on their behavior and academic progress. This study aims to measure medical graduates' perception of the educational environment within the School of Public Health at Wuhan University in China., Methods: The survey was conducted by emails sent to 119 graduates, and 93 valid questionnaires were returned. The DREEM was used to assess the medical graduates' satisfaction with the educational environment., Results: The average score on the scale was 126.02 (±18.27). The scoring rate of the areas ranged between 61.06 and 67.11%. The area with the highest score was "perception of teachers." The area with the lowest score was "academic self-perception." No difference was found between genders. Except for "perception of atmosphere," the total scores and other areas showed differences in graduation time., Conclusion: The educational environment at the School of Public Health at Wuhan University was satisfactory. The program contributed to the graduates' later careers. The information obtained in this study identified some areas for improvement., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Xu and Yang.)
- Published
- 2022
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47. Chemical Constituents of the Essential oil from Cuminum cyminum L. and Its Antifungal Activity against Panax notoginseng Pathogens.
- Author
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Huo YY, Li TT, Yang J, Huang HY, Chen CJ, Xu FR, and Dong X
- Subjects
- Antifungal Agents chemistry, Antifungal Agents isolation & purification, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Oils, Volatile isolation & purification, Antifungal Agents pharmacology, Cuminum chemistry, Fusarium drug effects, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Panax notoginseng microbiology
- Abstract
Cuminum cyminum L. (Cumin) is a flavoring agent that is commonly used worldwide, and is rich in essential oil. Essential oils (Eos) have been intensively investigated in regard to their potential for disease control in plants, which is provided a chance for the blossom of green pesticides. The chemical components of Cumin essential oil (CEO) were revealed by GC/MS, such as cuminaldehyde (44.53 %), p-cymene (12.14 %), (-)-β-pinene (10.47 %) and γ-terpinene (8.40 %), and found they can inhibit the growth of P. notoginseng-associated pathogenic fungi in vitro and the inhibitory effect of cuminaldehyde was similar to that of hymexazol. SEM and TEM images demonstrated that cuminaldehyde and CEO increased cell permeability and disrupted membrane integrity. The expression of disease-related genes of Fusarium oxysporum showed that CEO induced the expression of most genes, which disrupted biosynthesis, metabolism and signaling pathways. These studies verified the potential of CEO as a plant fungicide that is environmentally friendly and provided ideas for developing new products for controlling root diseases that affect P. notoginseng., (© 2021 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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48. Oligopeptides from Jinhua ham prevent alcohol-induced liver damage by regulating intestinal homeostasis and oxidative stress in mice.
- Author
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Nie W, Du YY, Xu FR, Zhou K, Wang ZM, Al-Dalali S, Wang Y, Li XM, Ma YH, Xie Y, Zhou H, and Xu BC
- Subjects
- Akkermansia, Animals, Antioxidants pharmacology, Chromatography, Gel methods, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Gastrointestinal Microbiome drug effects, Hepatocytes metabolism, Homeostasis drug effects, Liver metabolism, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic metabolism, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Protective Agents pharmacology, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods, Intestines metabolism, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic prevention & control, Oligopeptides pharmacology, Oxidative Stress drug effects, Pork Meat
- Abstract
The current study aimed to evaluate the protective activity of peptides isolated from Jinhua ham (JHP) against alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and the mechanisms by which JHP prevents against ALD. The tangential flow filtration (TFF) combined with size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) were used to isolate the JHP. Then the hepatoprotective activity of peptides was evaluated through experiments in mice. The primary structure of the peptide with the strongest liver protective activity was Lys-Arg-Gln-Lys-Tyr-Asp (KRQKYD) and the peptide was derived from the myosin of Jinhua ham, which were both identified by LC-MS/MS. Furthermore, the mechanism of KRQKYD prevention against ALD was attributed to the fact that KRQKYD increases the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila in the gut and decreases the abundance of Proteobacteria (especially Escherichia_Shigella ). The LPS-mediated liver inflammatory cascade was reduced by protecting the intestinal barrier, increasing the tight connection of intestinal epithelial cells and reducing the level of LPS in the portal venous circulation. KRQKYD could inhibit the production of ROS by upregulating the expression of the NRF2 / HO-1 antioxidant defense system and by reducing oxidative stress injury in liver cells. This study can provide a theoretical foundation for the application of JHP in the protection of liver from ALD.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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49. Block-copolymer-like self-assembly behavior of mobile-ligand grafted ultra-small nanoparticles.
- Author
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Xu FR, Shi R, Jia XM, Chai SC, Li HL, Qian HJ, and Lu ZY
- Abstract
We use coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to study the self-assembly behavior of polyoxometalate (POM) nanoparticles (NPs) decorated with mobile polymer ligands under melt conditions. We demonstrate that due to the mobile nature of the grafted ligands on the NP surface, NPs have the ability to expose a part of their surfaces, leading to a block-copolymer-like self-assembly behavior. The exposed NP surface serves as one block and the grafted ligand polymers as another. This system has a strong ability to self-assemble into long-range ordered structures such as block copolymers due to large incompatibility between POM and ligand polymers, i.e., POM NPs can form lamellar, cylindrical, and spherical structures, which are consistent with previous experimental results. More importantly, these ordered structures are on the sub-10 nm scale, which is an important requirement for many applications. At low graft density, we find a new inverse-cylindrical structure formation where polymers form cylinders and POMs form a continuous network structure. A full self-assembly phase diagram is constructed which illustrates rules to manipulate the self-assembly structures of NPs decorated with mobile polymer ligands. We hope that these computational results will be useful for the new design of nanostructures with improved optical or electronic functions.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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50. Quasifree Neutron Knockout Reaction Reveals a Small s-Orbital Component in the Borromean Nucleus ^{17}B.
- Author
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Yang ZH, Kubota Y, Corsi A, Yoshida K, Sun XX, Li JG, Kimura M, Michel N, Ogata K, Yuan CX, Yuan Q, Authelet G, Baba H, Caesar C, Calvet D, Delbart A, Dozono M, Feng J, Flavigny F, Gheller JM, Gibelin J, Giganon A, Gillibert A, Hasegawa K, Isobe T, Kanaya Y, Kawakami S, Kim D, Kiyokawa Y, Kobayashi M, Kobayashi N, Kobayashi T, Kondo Y, Korkulu Z, Koyama S, Lapoux V, Maeda Y, Marqués FM, Motobayashi T, Miyazaki T, Nakamura T, Nakatsuka N, Nishio Y, Obertelli A, Ohkura A, Orr NA, Ota S, Otsu H, Ozaki T, Panin V, Paschalis S, Pollacco EC, Reichert S, Roussé JY, Saito AT, Sakaguchi S, Sako M, Santamaria C, Sasano M, Sato H, Shikata M, Shimizu Y, Shindo Y, Stuhl L, Sumikama T, Sun YL, Tabata M, Togano Y, Tsubota J, Xu FR, Yasuda J, Yoneda K, Zenihiro J, Zhou SG, Zuo W, and Uesaka T
- Abstract
A kinematically complete quasifree (p,pn) experiment in inverse kinematics was performed to study the structure of the Borromean nucleus ^{17}B, which had long been considered to have a neutron halo. By analyzing the momentum distributions and exclusive cross sections, we obtained the spectroscopic factors for 1s_{1/2} and 0d_{5/2} orbitals, and a surprisingly small percentage of 9(2)% was determined for 1s_{1/2}. Our finding of such a small 1s_{1/2} component and the halo features reported in prior experiments can be explained by the deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory in continuum, revealing a definite but not dominant neutron halo in ^{17}B. The present work gives the smallest s- or p-orbital component among known nuclei exhibiting halo features and implies that the dominant occupation of s or p orbitals is not a prerequisite for the occurrence of a neutron halo.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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