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In the digital age, e-commerce has emerged as a transformative force in the domain of rural tourism, infusing traditional practices with renewed dynamism. This study employs the spatiotemporal extreme entropy value method to assess the evolution of rural tourism in China. The investigation delves into the influence of e-commerce on the qualitative enhancement of rural tourism, utilizing a dynamic panel data model to analyze its effects and conducting heterogeneity tests based on geographic and economic criteria. According to the weights assigned by the spatiotemporal extreme entropy method, the quality of rural tourism development in China generally increased between 2013 and 2023, with a notable dip to 0.3005 in 2020. The heterogeneity analysis, implemented through a fixed-effects model, reveals significant positive impacts in both the eastern and central regions at the 5% significance level. Moreover, regions with a medium level of economic development exhibit a robust positive effect, with a regression coefficient of 0.429. The developmental impact of e-commerce on high-quality rural tourism is statistically significant at the 1% level, and all control variables demonstrate significant positive correlations. These findings underscore the substantial role that e-commerce development plays in advancing high-quality rural tourism.

The fungus Alternaria alternata is a common spot-producing plant pathogen. During the past decade, tobacco brown spot disease caused by this fungus has became prevalent in China and lead to significant losses. To better understand the molecular pathogenesis of this fungus, the aapk1 gene encoding a cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit was cloned, sequenced and characterized. The aapk1 deletion mutants were identified from hygromycin-resistant transformants by PCR strategy and confirmed by Southern blot analysis and RT-PCR. The aapk1 deletion mutant exhibited reduced vegetative growth and was less toxic than the wild-type strain sd1. Deletion of aapk1 also delayed disease development on detached tobacco leaves. Thus, we propose that the cAMP signalling pathway is involved in mycelia growth and pathogenic phenotype of Alternaria alternata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new thermostable β-glucosidase gene (bgl) from Chaetomium thermophilum CT2 was cloned, sequenced and expressed. The full-length DNA of bgl was 3,101 bp and included three introns. The full-length cDNA contained an open reading frame of 2,604-bp nucleotides, encoding 867 amino acids with a potential secretion signal. The C. thermophilum CT2 β-glucosidase gene was functionally expressed in Pichia pastoris. The purified recombinant β-glucosidase was a 119-kDa glycoprotein with an optimum catalytic activity at pH 5.0 and 60°C. The enzyme was stable at 50°C, and retained 67.7% activity after being kept at 60°C for 1 h; the half-time of the enzyme at 65°C was approximately 55 min, and even retained 29.7% activity after incubation at 70°C for 10 min., (Copyright © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel.)