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Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising high‐performance capacitive deionization (CDI) materials. Strategies to optimize CDI performance of COFs focus largely on hybridization with conductive substrates, to improve their their intrinsically poor conductivity. A new structure‐function relationship between COFs and their substrates is proposed here based on substrate‐induced surface curvature. Graphene (zero‐curvature) and carbon nanotubes (CNT, curved) are selected as COF growthsubstrates to assess the effect of curvature engineering effect on CDI performance of TpPa‐SO3H‐COF. Ultrahigh ion (Na+) adsorption capacity (58.74 mg g−1) is achieved by CNT‐COF hybrid (cf. compared to graphene‐COF hybrid 34.20 mg g−1), demonstrating the significance of curvature engineering. Notably, the corresponding salt (NaCl) adsorption capacity of CNT‐COF hybrid reaches 149.25 mg g−1 in 1000 ppm at 1.2 V, representing state‐of‐the‐art CDI performance, and the highest value among organic CDI electrodes. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations subsequently reveal that substrate curvature can induce local strain, which regulates charge distribution within the COF skeleton, causing a lower binding energy state for Na+ adsorption. Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance measurements revealed faster Na+ adsorption kinetics of CNT‐COF due to regulated charge distribution within COF skeleton induced by substrate curvature. This work gives new insight into design of COF materials based on curvature engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study examined the use of a probiotic called Probio-M9 in treating mastitis and improving antibiotic treatment. The researchers found that Probio-M9 effectively reduced mastitis symptoms, decreased inflammation, and enhanced the response to antibiotics. It also had an impact on the gut microbiome and the immune system. The study suggests that Probio-M9 can move from the gut to the mammary tissue during bacterial mastitis and lactation. These findings provide insight into the connection between the gut and mammary glands and the potential benefits of probiotics. [Extracted from the article]

The exponential expansion of the lithium battery market has led to challenges in acquiring lithium resources. Extracting lithium from seawater has been explored as a potential solution to address the shortage of lithium supply. However, seawater lithium extraction presents significant challenges due to its low lithium-ion concentration and complex marine environment. Capacitive deionization (CDI) technology has demonstrated a remarkable ability to selectively separate metal ions from seawater, in which electrode materials play a crucial role. Traditional methods of discovering electrode materials have relied on the trial-and-error principle, and the experimental process of material design and synthesis requires substantial manpower and material resources. The emergence of materials informatics has revolutionized the design and development of electrode materials, substantially reducing the application cost of CDI. Combining our research experience, we explored the application prospects of theoretical calculations in CDI lithium extraction and introduced the development progress of electrode materials that are not limited to CDI lithium extraction in recent years. The key points of using density functional theory (DFT), molecular dynamics (MD), and finite element simulation (FES) to study the mechanism of lithium extraction process, using high-throughput computing and machine learning (ML) to screen new electrode materials are emphasized. The research emphasizes the synergistic utilization of DFT, MD, ML, and FES methodologies to provide instructive insights, aimed at advancing the design of effective CDI electrode materials tailored for lithium extraction from seawater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus) is a symbiotic bacteria in the intestines of humans and animals and has applications in many fields, including food, medicine and animal farming. In this paper, the whole genome of L. rhamnosus Probio-M9 was used as the object to analyze the genome differences of different Lactobacillus rhamnosus combined with the 214 L. rhamnosus genome sequences published by NCBI. The results showed that a total of 16 915 pan-genes and 247 core genes were identified in 215 strains of L. rhamnosus; the subsequent phylogenetic trees were constructed using 247 core genes found that there was no obvious clustering trendx between the source and the place of separation. L. rhamnosus Probio-M9 was located in Branch II, which had the largest branch. The genetic relationship a-mong strains of this branch was close, the difference was small, and the distinction was difficult. The RAST annotation and CAZy annotation analysis of 98 strains of L. rhamnosus in Branch II found that L. rhamnosus had a high degree of similarity in terms of function, but some of the strains were different from L. rhamnosus Probio-M9. Compared with other L. rhamnosus, L. Rhamnosus Probio-M9 had stronger ability to regulate its own metabolism, transcription, transportation and other aspects and contains genes related to probiotics, such as glutathione (gshAB), exopolysaccharides (RMLA-RMLD, epsH) and genes related to enhancing host metabolic capacity (tagE). The genomic differences of L. rhamnosus Probio M9 were revealed by comparative genomics, which laid the foundation for the development and application of L. rhamnosus Probio-M9. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

C2-benzaldehyde-C6-aniline double Schiff base derivatives of chitosan were synthesized with positioning protection method for the first time. The structures and properties of the new synthesized products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,13C nuclear magnetic resonance, scanning electron microscope image, X-ray diffraction, and elemental analysis. The elemental analysis results indicated that the degrees of substitution of the products were from 39.6% to 48.2%. The synthesized compounds exhibited an excellent solubility in organic solvents. The antibacterial activities of all of the derivatives were tested in the experiment, and the results showed that the prepared chitosan derivatives had significantly improved antibacterial activity of chitosan and C2-benzaldehyde Schiff bases of chitosan towardStaphylococcus aureus(ATCC 25923) andEscherichia coli(ATCC 35218). Antibacterial activity of the Schiff bases againstE. colidiffers from the substituent at the same position of different anilines and increases as the sequence aniline > p-toluidine > o-toluidine, and the antibacterial activity of the Schiff bases againstS. aureusincreases as the sequencep-toluidine > aniline > o-toluidine. TheIC50 of the C2-benzaldehyde-C6-aniline double Schiff base derivatives of chitosan againstE. coliandS. aureusis 0.0035 and 0.0031 mg L−1, respectively, much lower than that of chitosan (0.0064 mg L−1) and C2-benzaldehyde Schiff bases of chitosan (0.0054 mg L−1). The cytotoxicity test showed that compared with chitosan and C2-benzaldehyde Schiff bases of chitosan, the prepared chitosan derivatives had lower cytotoxicity against SCG-7901. This paper provided a new method for the synthesis of Schiff bases of chitosan, which was enlightening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

C 6 -Schiff bases derivatives of chitosan were synthesized for the first time. C 2 -amino groups and C 3 -hydroxy groups were firstly protected by CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O, and the C 6 -hydroxy was then transformed into aldehyde, which then reacted with anilines through nucleophilic addition to introduce the CN group at C 6 -position in chitosan chain. Finally, C 6 -Schiff bases derivatives of chitosan were got by the deprotection of C 2 -NH 2 with cation exchange resin. The structures and properties of the new synthesized products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 13 C NMR, SEM image, and elemental analysis. The antibacterial activities of derivatives were tested in the experiment, and the results showed that the prepared chitosan derivatives had significantly improved antibacterial activity toward Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The Cytotoxicity test showed that the prepared chitosan derivatives had low Cytotoxicity, compared with chitosan and C 2 -benzaldehyde Schiff bases of chitosan. This paper allowed a new method for the synthesis of Schiff bases of chitosan, which was enlightening., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

The title compound, C(2)H(10)N(2) (2+)·2C(10)H(9)N(2)O(-), is composed of deprotonated 5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one anions (PMP(-)) and protonated ethyl-enediamine cations (H(2)en(2+)). The ethyl-enediammonium ion is located on a crystallographic inversion center. The dihedral angle between the phenyl and pyrazole rings is 39.73 (8)°. The two components are connected through N-H⋯O and N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming an infinite three-dimensional network.